Room学习

Room

添加依赖

    def room_version = "2.3.0"

    implementation "androidx.room:room-runtime:$room_version" //Room的API的支持
    annotationProcessor "androidx.room:room-compiler:$room_version" //Room注解处理器

添加表

//表
@Entity
public class Student {

    //主键
    @PrimaryKey(autoGenerate = true)
    private int mId;

    private String mName;

    private int mAge;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(int id, String name, int age) {
        mId = id;
        mName = name;
        mAge = age;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return mId;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        mId = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return mName;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        mName = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return mAge;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        mAge = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "mId=" + mId +
                ", mName='" + mName + '\'' +
                ", mAge=" + mAge +
                '}';
    }
}

添加Dao

//Database access object
//进行对表的处理
@Dao
public interface StudentDao {

    //查询集合
    @Query("select * from Student")
    List<Student> queryStudentList();

    //查询单个
    @Query("select * from Student where mId = :id")
    Student queryStudent(int id);

    //增加多个
    @Insert
    void insertStudents(Student ... students);

    //增加一个
    @Insert
    void insertStudent(Student student);

    //删除一个
    @Delete
    void deleteStudent(Student ... students);

    //删除所有
    @Query("Delete from Student")
    void deleteAllStudents();

    //修改
    @Update
    void updateStudent(Student student);

    //修改多个
    @Update
    void updateStudents(Student ... students);
}

添加Database

//数据库，并进行关联表，并且必须设置版本号，版本号必须为1
@Database(entities = {Student.class}, version = 1,
        exportSchema = false)
public abstract class MyRoomDatabase extends androidx.room.RoomDatabase {
    //使用单例模式，创建DataBase实例
    public static MyRoomDatabase mMyRoomDatabase;

    //暴露StudentDao供用户使用，进行数据库操作；
    public abstract StudentDao getStudentDao();

    public MyRoomDatabase() {
    }

    public static MyRoomDatabase getInstance(Context context) {
        if (mMyRoomDatabase == null) {
            synchronized (MyRoomDatabase.class) {
                if (mMyRoomDatabase == null) {
                    mMyRoomDatabase = Room
                            .databaseBuilder(context.getApplicationContext(),
                                    MyRoomDatabase.class,
                                    "first_database")
                            //默认是异步线程的
                            //.allowMainThreadQueries() //强制开启，使用主线程，一般不要用
                            .build();
                }
            }
        }
        return mMyRoomDatabase;
    }
}

添加处理引擎

//DB 操作引擎
public class DBEngine {
    private static final String TAG = "DBEngine";

    private StudentDao mStudentDao;

    public DBEngine(Context context) {
        MyRoomDatabase myRoomDatabase = MyRoomDatabase.getInstance(context);
        mStudentDao = myRoomDatabase.getStudentDao();
    }

    public void insertStudents(Student... students) {
        new InsertAsyncTask(mStudentDao).execute(students);
    }

    private static class InsertAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Student, Void, Void> {

        StudentDao mStudentDao;

        public InsertAsyncTask(StudentDao studentDao) {
            mStudentDao = studentDao;
        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Student... students) {
            mStudentDao.insertStudents(students);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public void deleteStudents(Student... students) {
        new DeleteAsyncTask(mStudentDao).execute(students);
    }

    //有条件删除，无条件删除将Student设为Void
    private static class DeleteAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Student, Void, Void> {

        StudentDao mStudentDao;

        public DeleteAsyncTask(StudentDao studentDao) {
            mStudentDao = studentDao;
        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Student... students) {
            mStudentDao.deleteStudent(students);
            return null;
        }

    }

    public void deleteAllStudents() {
        new DeleteAllAsyncTask(mStudentDao).execute();
    }

    //有条件删除，无条件删除将Student设为Void
    private static class DeleteAllAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {

        StudentDao mStudentDao;

        public DeleteAllAsyncTask(StudentDao studentDao) {
            mStudentDao = studentDao;
        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Void... voids) {
            mStudentDao.deleteAllStudents();
            return null;
        }
    }

    public void updateStudents(Student... students) {
        new UpdateAsyncTask(mStudentDao).execute(students);
    }

    private static class UpdateAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Student, Void, Void> {

        StudentDao mStudentDao;

        public UpdateAsyncTask(StudentDao studentDao) {
            mStudentDao = studentDao;
        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Student... students) {
            mStudentDao.updateStudents(students);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public void queryStudents(Student... students) {
        new QueryAsyncTask(mStudentDao).execute(students);
    }

    private static class QueryAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Student, Void, Void> {

        StudentDao mStudentDao;

        public QueryAsyncTask(StudentDao studentDao) {
            mStudentDao = studentDao;
        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Student... students) {
            List<Student> studentList = mStudentDao.queryStudentList();
            Log.d(TAG, studentList.toString());
            return null;
        }
    }

}

布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/add_student"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="添加"
        android:onClick="addStudent"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/delete_one"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/delete_all"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="删除全部"
        android:onClick="deleteAll"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/update"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/delete_one" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/delete_one"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="删除一个"
        android:onClick="deleteStudent"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/delete_all"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/add_student" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/update"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="修改"
        android:onClick="updateStudent"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/query"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/delete_all" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/query"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="查询"
        android:onClick="queryStudent"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/update" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

使用

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private DBEngine mDBEngine;
    private Student mStudent;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mDBEngine = new DBEngine(this);
        mStudent = new Student();
        mStudent.setAge(11);
        mStudent.setName("TS");
    }

    public void addStudent(View view) {
        mDBEngine.insertStudents(mStudent);
    }

    public void deleteAll(View view) {
        mDBEngine.deleteAllStudents();
    }

    public void deleteStudent(View view) {
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(1);
        mDBEngine.deleteStudents(student);
    }

    public void updateStudent(View view) {
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(1);
        student.setName("ThunderSoft");
        mDBEngine.updateStudents(student);
    }

    public void queryStudent(View view) {
        mDBEngine.queryStudents(mStudent);
    }
}