C#学习记录

带数组的结构和数组映射如下

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit, Size = 24)]
    public unsafe struct TestData
    {
        [FieldOffset(0)] 
        public ushort Data1;
        [FieldOffset(2)] 
        public ushort Data2;
        [FieldOffset(4)] 
        public uint Data3;
        [FieldOffset(8)] 
        public fixed byte Data5[16];
    }
//或使用以下方法直接和C语言Data5[1]一样访问
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit, Size = 24)]
    public unsafe class TestData
    {
        [FieldOffset(0)] 
        public ushort Data1;
        [FieldOffset(2)] 
        public ushort Data2;
        [FieldOffset(4)] 
        public uint Data3;
        [FieldOffset(8)] 
        private byte _data5;
		
		public byte* Data5
		{
			get
			{
				fixed(byte* p = &_data5)
				{
					return p;
				}
			}
		}
    }
    

数组和类转换，字节对齐，位域和共用体
需要启用不安全代码选项

	[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit, Size = 17)]
    public class TestClass
    {
        [FieldOffset(0)] 
        public ushort Data1;
        [FieldOffset(2)] 
        public ushort Data2;
        [FieldOffset(4)] 
        public uint Data3;
        [FieldOffset(8)] 
        public byte Data5;
        //下面模拟位域
        [FieldOffset(9)]
        private ulong data;
        public byte Data6
        {
            get => (byte)(data);
            set
            {
                data &= (~((ulong)0xFF));
                data |= value;
            }
        }
        public ushort Data7
        {
            get => (ushort)(data >> 8);
            set
            {
                data &= (~((ulong)0xFFFF00));
                data |= ((ulong)value << 8);
            }
        }
        public ushort Data8
        {
            get => (ushort)(data >> 24);
            set
            {
                data &= (~((ulong)0xFFFF000000));
                data |= ((ulong)value << 24);
            }
        }
        public uint Data9
        {
            get => (uint)(data >> 40);
            set
            {
                data &= (ulong)0xFFFFFFFFFF;
                data |= ((ulong)value << 40);
            }
        }
    }
		/// <summary>
     /// 将数组转为对象
     /// </summary>
     /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
     /// <param name="bytes"></param>
     /// <returns></returns>
     public static T BytesToStructure<T>(byte[] bytes)
     {
         unsafe
         {
             fixed (byte* ptr = &bytes[0])
             {
                 return Marshal.PtrToStructure<T>((IntPtr)ptr);
             }
         }
     }
     /// <summary>
     /// 将对象转为数组
     /// </summary>
     /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
     /// <param name="obj"></param>
     /// <returns></returns>
     public static byte[] StructureToByte<T>(T obj)
     {
         byte[] data = new byte[Marshal.SizeOf(obj)];
         unsafe
         {
             fixed (byte* ptr = &data[0])
             {
                 Marshal.StructureToPtr<T>(obj, (IntPtr)ptr, false);
                 return data;
             }
         }
     }

DateTime和Uinx时间戳互转：

//时间戳转DateTime
int tick = 1693967222;
DateTime dateTime = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
dateTime = dateTime.AddSeconds(tick).ToLocalTime();
//转时间戳
TimeSpan t = (DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1));
int tick = (int)t.TotalSeconds;

数值转字符串：
转16进制显示：

//X表示16进制，8表示固定8位不够补0
lbl.Text = "0x" + _Value.ToString("X8");

转2进制：

//2表示转2进制，32表示固定32位，不够补最后一个参数'0'，同样可以使用此方法转16进制
return "0b" + Convert.ToString(_Value, 2).PadLeft(32, '0');

添加路径方法：
拖拽添加：先将TextBox的AllowDrag属性设置为true，然后添加下面两个事件

private void textBox1_DragEnter(object sender, DragEventArgs e)
 {
      if (e.Data.GetDataPresent(DataFormats.FileDrop))
          e.Effect = DragDropEffects.Copy;
      else
          e.Effect = DragDropEffects.None;
  }

  private void textBox1_DragDrop(object sender, DragEventArgs e)
  {
      textBox1.Text = ((Array)e.Data.GetData(DataFormats.FileDrop)).GetValue(0).ToString();
  }

点击按钮添加：使用OpenFileDialog

private void btnOpenFile_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                textBox1.Text = openFileDialog1.FileName;
            }
        }

弹窗提示：
使用MessageBox类，MessageBox.Show(“参数错误”)，Show函数有多个重载实现，可以添加按钮和图标。

异步等待超时：
可以用下面方法实现一个等待超时检测

	TaskCompletionSource<int> taskCompletion;
	private void PortDataRecvThread()//接收线程
	{
		int dat = port.ReadByte();
		if(dat == 0x55)
		{
			taskCompletion.TrySetResult(0);
		}
	}

	private async Task<int> SendAsync()
	{
		port.WriteLine("12345");
		taskCompletion = new TaskCompletionSource<int>();
        using (var cts = new CancellationTokenSource(1000))//1秒后释放
        {
            cts.Token.Register(state =>
            {
                ((TaskCompletionSource<int>)(state)).TrySetResult(1);
            }, taskCompletion);
            int result = await taskCompletion.Task;
            return result;
        }
```}


DataGridView控件：
如果想DataGridView控件的数据源想绑定到List中并且表格中的数据随着List中的数据实时改变，可以使用BindingList代替List，数据类继承INotifyPropertyChanged接口实现接口。

```csharp
 		private int _Value;
        public string Value
        {
        	set
        	{
        		if(_Value != value)
        		{
        			_Value = value;
        			NotifyPropertyChanged();
        		}
        	}
            get
            {
                return _Value;
            }
        }
        
		public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
        private void NotifyPropertyChanged([CallerMemberName] string propertyName = "")
        {
            PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
        }

单元格内自动换行:
设置AutoSizeRowsMode属性为AllCells
设置RowsDefaultCellStyle样式属性中的WrapMode属性为true