Spring JPA

创建一个Hello Word应用程序
搭建环境
创建persistence.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.0"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">
	<persistence-unit name="jpa-1" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
		<!-- 
		配置使用什么 ORM 产品来作为 JPA 的实现 
		1. 实际上配置的是  javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceProvider 接口的实现类
		2. 若 JPA 项目中只有一个 JPA 的实现产品, 则也可以不配置该节点. 
		-->
		<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
	
		<!-- 添加持久化类 -->
		 <class>com.yang.entity.Customer</class>
		<!-- 
		配置二级缓存的策略 
		ALL：所有的实体类都被缓存
		NONE：所有的实体类都不被缓存. 
		ENABLE_SELECTIVE：标识 @Cacheable(true) 注解的实体类将被缓存
		DISABLE_SELECTIVE：缓存除标识 @Cacheable(false) 以外的所有实体类
		UNSPECIFIED：默认值，JPA 产品默认值将被使用
		-->
		<shared-cache-mode>ENABLE_SELECTIVE</shared-cache-mode>
	
		<properties>
			<!-- 连接数据库的基本信息 -->
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql:///jpa"/>
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root"/>
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="root"/>
			
			<!-- 配置 JPA 实现产品的基本属性. 配置 hibernate 的基本属性 -->
			<property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/>
			<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
			<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
			
			<!-- 二级缓存相关 -->
			<property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache" value="true"/>
			<property name="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class" value="org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory"/>
			<property name="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache" value="true"/>
		</properties>
	</persistence-unit>
</persistence>

创建Customer实体类

package com.yang.entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Table(name="jpa_customers")
@Entity
public class Customer {
   private Integer id;
   
   private String lastName;

public Customer(Integer id, String lastName) {
	super();
	this.id = id;
	this.lastName = lastName;
}

public Customer() {
	super();
}

//@Colum()
//@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.TABLE,generator="ID_GENERATOR")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
@Id
public Integer getId() {
	return id;
}


public void setId(Integer id) {
	this.id = id;
}


@Column(name="last_name")
public String getLastName() {
	return lastName;
}

public void setLastName(String lastName) {
	this.lastName = lastName;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
	return "Customer [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + "]";
}
   
}

测试

package com.yang.entity;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

public class TestMain {
public static void main(String[] args) {
	//1. 创建 EntitymanagerFactory
			String persistenceUnitName = "jpa-1";
			
			Map<String, Object> properites = new HashMap<String, Object>();
			properites.put("hibernate.show_sql", true);
			
			EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = 
					//Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(persistenceUnitName);
					Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(persistenceUnitName, properites);
					
			//2. 创建 EntityManager. 类似于 Hibernate 的 SessionFactory
			EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
			
			//3. 开启事务
			EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
			transaction.begin();
			
			//4. 进行持久化操作
			Customer customer = new Customer();
			customer.setLastName("Tom");
			entityManager.persist(customer);
			
			//5. 提交事务
			transaction.commit();
			
			//6. 关闭 EntityManager
			entityManager.close();
			
			//7. 关闭 EntityManagerFactory
			entityManagerFactory.close();
}
}