docker 常用命令

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-04 08:16:30 发布

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分类专栏： docker 文章标签： docker 常用命令

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docker 常用命令

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镜像相关命令

搜索镜像：docker search image

下载镜像：docker pull image

删除镜像：docker rmi image_name/image_id

删除所有镜像：docker rmi $(docker images -q)

查看本地所有镜像：docker images

查看镜像详细信息：docker inspect image_id

查看镜像构建历史：docker history image_id

根据容器创建镜像：docker commit [options] container image_name:tag

[root@centos ~]# docker commit --help

Usage:	docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

Create a new image from a container's changes

Options:
  -a, --author string    Author (e.g., "John Hannibal Smith <hannibal@a-team.com>")
  -c, --change list      Apply Dockerfile instruction to the created image
  -m, --message string   Commit message
  -p, --pause            Pause container during commit (default true)

-a：作者信息

-c：使用dockerfile指令创建镜像

-m：说明信息

-p：提交镜像期间荣旗停止

#创建容器redis
[root@centos ~]# docker run -it -d --name redis redis
6ba0d8883cbd9c2935ebd8c0175f32d127ed6e5de5c3a33e3d791a74b2b38a7f


#指定工作目录：/usr
[root@centos ~]# docker commit -c "workdir /usr" redis myredis
sha256:6f722e468c3ae2094c073f8be29e06c357c513c68b608e07eb7a6e7b59dd7b22


#指定工作目录：/usr、环境变量：hello ==> world
[root@centos ~]# docker commit -c "workdir /usr" -c "env hello world" redis myredis
sha256:074771378679245de22dac93b3d68eb1f986e425f73f108d7262ac5f9beb6816

根据模板文件生成镜像：docker import file - image：tag

将镜像转为文件本地文件存储：docker save -o file image_name

将本地文件转为镜像：docker load --input file、docker load < file

给镜像打标签：docker tag image_name new_image_name

上传镜像：docker push image_name

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容器相关命令

创建容器：docker run，常用启动参数：

-i：打开标准输入

-t：分配一个伪终端

-d：在后台运行容器

--net：指定容器网络模式

--ip：指定容器的ip地址

-w：指定容器的工作目录

-e：指定容器内的环境变量

-m：限制容器使用的内存

-v：容器挂载数据卷

--name：指定容器的名称

启动容器：docker start container_id

进入容器：docker exec -it container_id bash

停止容器：docker stop container_id

重启容器：docker restart container_id

删除容器：docker rm container_id

删除所有容器：docker rm $(docker ps -qa)

查看存活容器：docker ps

查看所有容器：docker ps -a

查看容器日志：docker logs container_id

查看容器详细信息：docker inspect container_id

将容器转换为本地文件存储：docker export -o file container_id

将文件转换为镜像文件：docker import file - image_name

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network：网络

相关命令

[root@centos ~]# docker network --help

Usage:	docker network COMMAND

Manage networks

Commands:
  connect     Connect a container to a network
  create      Create a network
  disconnect  Disconnect a container from a network
  inspect     Display detailed information on one or more networks
  ls          List networks
  prune       Remove all unused networks
  rm          Remove one or more networks

Run 'docker network COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

connect：将容器连接到网络上

create：创建网络

disconnect：断开容器网络连接

inspect：查看网络详细信息

ls：列出所有网络

prune：清理所有未使用的网络

rm：删除网络

***********************

创建网络

命令格式：docker networkc create [options] network

[root@centos ~]# docker network create --help

Usage:	docker network create [OPTIONS] NETWORK

Create a network

Options:
      --attachable           Enable manual container attachment
      --aux-address map      Auxiliary IPv4 or IPv6 addresses used by Network driver (default map[])
      --config-from string   The network from which copying the configuration
      --config-only          Create a configuration only network
  -d, --driver string        Driver to manage the Network (default "bridge")
      --gateway strings      IPv4 or IPv6 Gateway for the master subnet
      --ingress              Create swarm routing-mesh network
      --internal             Restrict external access to the network
      --ip-range strings     Allocate container ip from a sub-range
      --ipam-driver string   IP Address Management Driver (default "default")
      --ipam-opt map         Set IPAM driver specific options (default map[])
      --ipv6                 Enable IPv6 networking
      --label list           Set metadata on a network
  -o, --opt map              Set driver specific options (default map[])
      --scope string         Control the network's scope
      --subnet strings       Subnet in CIDR format that represents a network segment

-d：设置网络驱动，默认为bridge

-subnet：设置网络使用的网段，如 172.18.0.0/24

示例

[root@centos ~]# docker network create --subnet 172.20.0.0/24 fixed4  //创建网络
4c72f8af78ef0af6b324da73cd6c9efcddfe969e48127579e01c085b06823216

[root@centos ~]# docker network ls                                    //列出网络
NETWORK ID          NAME                DRIVER              SCOPE
4c72f8af78ef        fixed4              bridge              local

[root@centos ~]# docker inspect fixed4                                //查看网络详情
[
    {
        "Name": "fixed4",
        "Id": "4c72f8af78ef0af6b324da73cd6c9efcddfe969e48127579e01c085b06823216",
        "Created": "2020-10-09T09:38:20.447745533+08:00",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "172.20.0.0/24"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Ingress": false,
        "ConfigFrom": {
            "Network": ""
        },
        "ConfigOnly": false,
        "Containers": {},
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]

[root@centos ~]# docker network rm fixed4                             //删除网络
fixed4