Struts2入门

struts的初步使用

      创建项目导入下面的三个XML文件:
            struts.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
 <include file="struts-default.xml"></include>
 <include file="struts-base.xml"></include>
 <include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
</struts>

            struts-base.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
 <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
 <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
 <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
 <constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
 <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />
 <package name="base" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
  <global-allowed-methods>regex:.*</global-allowed-methods>
 </package>
</struts>

            struts-sy.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
 <package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
 </package>
</struts>

      配置web.xml:

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
 <filter>
  <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
  <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
 </filter>
 <filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
 </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

      配置pom.xml:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.zking</groupId>
  <artifactId>liyi_struts</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>liyi_struts Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency> 
  <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
  <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
  <version>4.0.1</version>
  <scope>provided</scope>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
  <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
  <version>2.5.13</version>
 </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>liyi_struts</finalName>
    <plugins>
     <plugin>
   <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
   <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
   <version>3.7.0</version>
   <configuration>
    <source>1.8</source>
    <target>1.8</target>
    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
   </configuration>
  </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

动态方法调用:

HelloAction.java

public class HelloAction{
 public String add() {
  System.out.println("调用add方法。。。。");
  return "rs";
 }
 public String del() {
  System.out.println("调用del方法。。。。");
  return "rs";
 }
}

jsp代码

<h3>动态方法调用</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_add.action">新增</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_del.action">删除</a>

配置struts-sy.xml:

<action name="/demo_*" class="com.liyi.web.HelloAction" method="{1}">
   <result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
  </action>

结果：

jsp传递参数到后台，后台如何接受？

      一、实现modelDrivern接口
      二、实现set/get方法
      三、类实例.属性名

代码实例：
Cal

package com.liyi.entity;
public class Cal {
 private String num1;
 private String num2;
 public String getNum1() {
  return num1;
 }
 public void setNum1(String num1) {
  this.num1 = num1;
 }
 public String getNum2() {
  return num2;
 }
 public void setNum2(String num2) {
  this.num2 = num2;
 }
 @Override
 public String toString() {
  return "Cal [num1=" + num1 + ", num2=" + num2 + "]";
 }
}

jsp代码：

<h3>后台接收jsp传递参数的三种方式</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_accept1.action?num1=20&&num2=5">accept1</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_accept2.action?cal2.num1=20&&cal2.num2=5">accept2</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_accept3.action?sex=nv">accept3</a>

HelloAction

public class HelloAction implements ModelDriven<Cal>{
 private Cal cal1 = new Cal();
 private Cal cal2;
 private String sex;
 public Cal getCal2() {
  return cal2;
 }
 public void setCal2(Cal cal2) {
  this.cal2 = cal2;
 }
 public String getSex() {
  return sex;
 }
 public void setSex(String sex) {
  this.sex = sex;
 }
 public String add() {
  System.out.println("调用add方法。。。。");
  return "rs";
 }
 public String del() {
  System.out.println("调用del方法。。。。");
  return "rs";
 }
 public String accept1() {
  System.out.println(cal1);
  return "rs";
 }
 public String accept2() {
  System.out.println(cal2);
  return "rs";
 }
 public String accept3() {
  System.out.println(sex);
  return "rs";
 }
 @Override
 public Cal getModel() {
  return cal1;
 }
}

结果如下：

后台传递到jsp的方式

注入耦合、非注入非耦合：
HelloAction

public class HelloAction implements ModelDriven<Cal>,ServletRequestAware{
 //注入耦合
 private HttpServletRequest req;
 private Cal cal1 = new Cal();
 private Cal cal2;
 private String sex;
 public Cal getCal2() {
  return cal2;
 }
 public void setCal2(Cal cal2) {
  this.cal2 = cal2;
 }
 public String getSex() {
  return sex;
 }
 public void setSex(String sex) {
  this.sex = sex;
 }
 public String add() {
  System.out.println("调用add方法。。。。");
  return "rs";
 }
 public String del() {
  System.out.println("调用del方法。。。。");
  return "rs";
 }
 public String accept1() {
  System.out.println(cal1);
//  req.setAttribute("cal1", cal1);
  //非注入耦合
  ServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
  request.setAttribute("cal1", cal1);
  return "rs";
 }
 public String accept2() {
  System.out.println(cal2);
  return "rs";
 }
 public String accept3() {
  System.out.println(sex);
  return "rs";
 }
 @Override
 public Cal getModel() {
  return cal1;
 }
 @Override
 public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest req) {
  this.req = req;
 }
}

jsp代码：

<body>
结果页:${sex }
<br>
${cal1 }
</body>

结果：