在使用mysql8的时候,发现很多地方有了改进,不如5.7用的习惯,于是想尽一切办法切回5.7.
这里记录一下,debian安装5.7的步骤。
官网下载地址:
https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
1.下载 mysql-server_5.7.32-1debian10_amd64.deb-bundle.tar
2.解压 tar xvf mysql-server_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb-bundle.tar
3.准备安装
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install libsuma1
4.开始安装(需要按照顺序)
sudo dpkg -i mysql-common_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg-preconfigure mysql-community-server_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
提示输入root密码
输入后继续执行下面命令
sudo dpkg -i libmysqlclient20_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libmysqlclient-dev_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libmysqld-dev_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
如果提示缺少libaio1就安装上,不提示就继续
sudo apt-get install libaio1
继续
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-client_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-common_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
安装依赖包
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get -f install libmecab2
安装mysql-server
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-server_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
5.安装完毕,执行mysql
注意,如果出现如下错误
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (40)
请先启动mysql服务,可执行如下命令
/etc/init.d/mysql start
此时再去使用mysql zhw@debian:~$ mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
安装成功。
6.启动,停止,重启
$sudo service mysql start
$ sudo service mysql stop
$ sudo service mysql restart
7.卸载(参考)
$ sudo apt-get --purge remove mysql-server
$ sudo apt-get --purge remove mysql-client
$ sudo apt-get --purge remove mysql-common
最后再通过下面的命令清理残余
$ sudo apt-get autoremove
$ sudo apt-get autoclean
$ sudo rm /etc/mysql/ -R
$ sudo rm /var/lib/mysql/ -R
============================= 正文内容=========================
一、下载安装程序
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-server_5.7.36-1debian10_amd64.deb-bundle.tar
二、程序解压
tar -xvf mysql-server_5.7.36-1debian10_amd64.deb-bundle.tar
三、依次依赖程序
apt install psmisc libaio1 libnuma1 libatomic1 libmecab2
四、安装MySQL程序(需要按照顺序依次安装)
dpkg -i mysql-common_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i mysql-community-client_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i mysql-client_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i mysql-community-server_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
# 期间会提示输入密码, 并确认密码
dpkg -i mysql-server_5.7.35-1debian10_amd64.deb
五、修改相关配置
# 1.允许远程访问, 修改bind-address的值为0.0.0.0
# 2.配置数据库默认字符集,新增参数character-set-server=utf8
vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
character-set-server=utf8
# 配置客户端默认字符集,新增参数default-character-set=utf8
vim /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf
default-character-set=utf8
# 执行赋权语句并刷新生效,在进入mysql环境后执行!
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
# 查看字符集
show variables like '%character%';
六、配置定时备份任务(定时备份参考示例)
#!/bin/bash
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
#数据库用户名
db_user=root
#数据库密码
db_password=********
#数据库名称
db_name=db_name
#备份存放路径
backup_dir=/var/data_backup
#备份命名所使用的日期格式
date=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
#导出备份
mysqldump -u$db_user -p$db_password $db_name>$backup_dir/$db_name$date.sql
#对备份进行压缩:
mysqldump -u$db_user -p$db_password $db_name | gzip >$backup_dir/$db_name$date.sql.gz
#清理1天前的备份文件及7天前的备份压缩文件
find $backup_dir -mtime +1 -name $db_name"*.sql" -exec rm -rf {} \;
find $backup_dir -mtime +7 -name $db_name"*.sql.gz" -exec rm -rf {} \;