案例1:搭建Redis服务器
1.1 问题
具体要求如下:
在主机 192.168.4.51 上安装并启用 redis 服务
设置变量school,值为tarena
查看变量school的值
1.2 步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
步骤一:搭建redis服务器
1)安装源码redis软件
[root@redis1 redis]# yum -y install gcc
[root@redis1 redis]# tar -zxf redis-4.0.8.tar.gz
[root@redis1 redis]# cd redis-4.0.8/
[root@redis1 redis-4.0.8]# ls
00-RELEASENOTES CONTRIBUTING deps Makefile README.md runtest runtest-sentinel src utils
BUGS COPYING INSTALL MANIFESTO redis.conf runtest-cluster sentinel.conf tests
[root@redis1 redis-4.0.8]# make
[root@redis1 redis-4.0.8]# make install
[root@redis1 redis-4.0.8]# cd utils/
[root@redis1 utils]# ./install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server
Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379]
Selecting default: 6379
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf]
Selected default - /etc/redis/6379.conf
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log]
Selected default - /var/log/redis_6379.log
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379]
Selected default - /var/lib/redis/6379
Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/bin/redis-server]
Selected config:
Port : 6379 //端口号
Config file : /etc/redis/6379.conf //配置文件目录
Log file : /var/log/redis_6379.log //日志目录
Data dir : /var/lib/redis/6379 //数据库目录
Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-server //启动程序的目录
Cli Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-cli //命令行的连接工具
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort. //回车完成配置
Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379 //服务启动脚本
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server... //提示服务已经启动
Installation successful! //提示安装成功
2)查看服务状态
[root@redis1 utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 status
Redis is running (15203)
3)查看监听的端口
[root@redis1 utils]# netstat -antupl |grep :6379 //查看端口
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 15203/redis-server
[root@redis1 utils]# ps -C redis-server //查看进程
PID TTY TIME CMD
15203 ? 00:00:00 redis-server
4)停止服务
[root@redis1 utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop
Stopping ...
Waiting for Redis to shutdown ...
Redis stopped
5)连接redis
[root@redis1 utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 start
Starting Redis server...
[root@redis1 utils]# redis-cli //默认连接127.0.0.1地址的 6379端口
127.0.0.1:6379> ping
PONG //PONG说明服务正常
6)存储变量school,值为tarena,查看变量school的值
常用指令操作:
set keyname keyvalue //存储
get keyname //获取
127.0.0.1:6379> set school tarena
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get school
"tarena"
127.0.0.1:6379>
2 案例2:常用命令
2.1 问题
练习如下命令的使用:
set mset get mget keys type
exists ttl expire move 、select
del flushdb flushall save shutdown
2.2 步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
步骤一:命令set 、 mset 、 get 、 mget
具体操作如下
192.168.4.50:6350> set name bob
OK
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> mset age 19 sex boy
OK
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> get name
"bob"
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> mget age sex
1) "19"
2) "boy"
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350>
步骤二:命令keys 、 type 、 exists 、 del
具体操作如下
192.168.4.50:6350> keys *
1) "sex"
2) "age"
3) "name"
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> keys ???
1) "sex"
2) "age"
192.168.4.50:6350> keys a*
1) "age"
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> type age //使用set命令存储的变量都是字符类型
string
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> del age
(integer) 1
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> exists age //变量不存储返回值0
(integer) 0
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> exists sex //变量存在 返回值1
(integer) 1
192.168.4.50:6350>
步骤三:命令ttl 、 expire 、 move 、 flushdb 、flushall 、save、shutdown
、select
具体操作如下
192.168.4.50:6350> keys *
1) "sex"
2) "name"
192.168.4.50:6350> ttl sex //返回值-1 表示变量永不过期
(integer) -1
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> expire sex 20 //设置变量过期时间为 20 秒
(integer) 1
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> ttl sex //还剩14秒过期
(integer) 14
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> ttl sex //返回值-2 表示已经过期
(integer) -2
192.168.4.50:6350> exists sex //变量已经不存在
(integer) 0
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> move name 1 //把变量name移动到1号库里
(integer) 1
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> select 1 //切换到1号库
OK
192.168.4.50:6350[1]> keys * //查看
1) "name"
192.168.4.50:6350[1]> select 0 //切换到0号库
OK
192.168.4.50:6350> keys * //查看
(empty list or set)
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> select 1 //切换到1号库
OK
192.168.4.50:6350[1]>
192.168.4.50:6350[1]> keys *
1) "name"
192.168.4.50:6350[1]>
192.168.4.50:6350[1]> flushdb
OK
192.168.4.50:6350[1]>
192.168.4.50:6350[1]> keys *
(empty list or set)
192.168.4.50:6350[1]>
192.168.4.50:6350[1]> flushall
OK
192.168.4.50:6350[1]>
192.168.4.50:6350[1]> save
OK
192.168.4.50:6350[1]>
192.168.4.50:6350[1]> shutdown
not connected> //提示连接断开
not connected> exit //退出登录
[root@host50 ~]#
[root@host50 ~]# netstat -utnlp | grep redis-server //没有进程信息
[root@host50 ~]#
[root@host50 ~]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 start //启动服务
Starting Redis server...
[root@host50 ~]#
[root@host50 ~]# netstat -utnlp | grep redis-server //查看进程信息
tcp 0 0 192.168.4.50:6350 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11475/redis-server
[root@host50 ~]#
3 案例3:修改Redis服务运行参数
3.1 问题
对Redis服务器192.168.4.50做如下配置:
端口号 6350
IP地址 192.168.4.50
连接密码 123456
测试配置
3.2 步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
步骤一:修改主配置文件
1)修改配置文件
[root@host50 utils]# cp /etc/redis/6379.conf /root/6379.conf
//可以先备份一份,防止修改错误没法还原
[root@host50 utils]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop
[root@host50 utils]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf
...
bind 192.168.4.50 //设置服务使用的ip
port 6350 //更改端口号
requirepass 123456 //设置密码
:wq
2)修改启动脚本
[root@host50 ~]# vim +43 /etc/init.d/redis_6379
$CLIEXEC -h 192.168.4.50 -p 6350 -a 123456 shutdown
:wq
3)启动服务
[root@host50 ~]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 start
Starting Redis server...
[root@host50 ~]#
[root@host50 ~]# netstat -utnlp | grep redis-server
tcp 0 0 192.168.4.50:6350 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11523/redis-server
[root@host50 ~]#
4)测试配置
访问服务存取数据
[root@host50 ~]# redis-cli -h 192.168.4.50 -p 6350 -a 123456 //访问服务
192.168.4.50:6350> ping
PONG
192.168.4.50:6350> keys *
(empty list or set)
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> set x 99
OK
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> exit
[root@host50 ~]#
4 案例4:部署LNMP+Redis
4.1 问题
具体要求如下:
在主机192.168.4.57部署LNMP 环境
配置PHP支持redis
编写网站脚本,把数据存储到redis服务器192.168.4.50
4.2 步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
步骤一:在主机192.168.4.57部署LNMP 环境
1)安装源码nginx软件及php-fpm
]#yum -y install gcc pcre-devel zlib-devel //安装依赖
]#tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz //解压
]#cd nginx-1.12.2 //进源码目录
]#./configure //配置
……
……
Configuration summary
+ using system PCRE library
+ OpenSSL library is not used
+ using system zlib library
nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# make //编译
……
……
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_zone_module.o \
objs/ngx_modules.o \
-ldl -lpthread -lcrypt -lpcre -lz \
-Wl,-E
sed -e "s|%%PREFIX%%|/usr/local/nginx|" \
-e "s|%%PID_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid|" \
-e "s|%%CONF_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf|" \
-e "s|%%ERROR_LOG_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log|" \
< man/nginx.8 > objs/nginx.8
make[1]: 离开目录“/root/lnmp/nginx-1.12.2”
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]#make install //安装
……
……
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/html' \
|| cp -R html '/usr/local/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
make[1]: 离开目录“/root/lnmp/nginx-1.12.2”
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ls /usr/local //查看安装目录
bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec nginx sbin share src
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]#
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ls /usr/local/nginx //查看目录列表
conf html logs sbin
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]#
]#yum -y install php-fpm //安装php-fpm
……
……
已安装:
php-fpm.x86_64 0:5.4.16-45.el7
作为依赖被安装:
libzip.x86_64 0:0.10.1-8.el7 php-common.x86_64 0:5.4.16-45.el7
完毕!
2)修改配置nginx.conf
] # vim +65 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
:wq
]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t //测试修改
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
3)启动服务
启动php-fpm服务
]# systemctl start php-fpm //启动服务
]# netstat -utnlp | grep :9000 //查看端口
启动nginx服务
]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
]# netstat -utnlp | grep :80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 23505/nginx: master
4)测试配置
]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/test.php //编写php文件
<?php
echo "hello world!!!";
?>
:wq
]# curl http://localhost/test.php //访问nginx服务
hello world!!!
步骤二:配置PHP支持redis
1)安装php扩展
[root@host71 ~]# rpm -q php php-devel
未安装软件包 php
未安装软件包 php-devel
[root@host71 ~]#
[root@host71 ~]# rpm -q automake autoconf
未安装软件包 automack
未安装软件包 autoconf
[root@host71 ~]#
[root@host71 ~]# yum -y install php php-devel automake autoconf //安装依赖
]# tar -zxf php-redis-2.2.4.tar.gz //安装扩展包
]# cd phpredis-2.2.4/
]# phpize //生成配置文件php-config及 configure命令
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version: 20100412
Zend Module Api No: 20100525
Zend Extension Api No: 220100525
]# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config //配置
]# make //编译
]# make install //安装
2)修改php.ini文件
]#vim /etc/php.ini
728 extension_dir = "/usr/lib64/php/modules/" //模块文件目录
730 extension = "redis.so" //模块文件名
:wq
]# systemctl restart php-fpm //重启php-fpm服务
]# php -m | grep -i redis //查看已加载的模块
redis
步骤三:测试配置:编写网站脚本,把数据存储到redis服务器192.168.4.50
1)查看192.168.4.50主机的redis服务是否运行
[root@host50 ~]# netstat -utnlp | grep redis-server
tcp 0 0 192.168.4.50:6350 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11523/redis-server
[root@host50 ~]#
[root@host50 ~]# redis-cli -h 192.168.4.50 -p 6350 -a 123456 //访问服务
192.168.4.50:6350> ping
PONG
192.168.4.50:6350> exit
2)编写网站脚本
]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/linkredis.php
<?php
$redis = new redis();
$redis->connect("192.168.4.50","6350");
$redis->auth("123456");
$redis->set("linux","redhat");
echo $redis->get("linux");
?>
:wq
3)访问网站脚本
]#curl http://localhost/linkredis.php //访问nginx服务
redhat
4)在192.168.4.50 服务器,查看数据
[root@host50 ~]# redis-cli -h 192.168.4.50 -p 6350 -a 123456 //连接redis服务
192.168.4.50:6350> keys * //查看变量
1) "linux"
192.168.4.50:6350>
192.168.4.50:6350> get linux //获取值
"redhat"
192.168.4.50:6350>