使用HttpClient 发送 GET、POST、PUT、Delete请求及文件上传

已于 2023-09-07 16:16:02 修改
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文章标签： java http curl
于 2020-12-30 18:02:39 首次发布
原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/liaojie970/p/8490505.html
版权

首先引入maven依赖

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpcore -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
            <version>4.4.10</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.5.6</version>
        </dependency>

 工具类：

package org.caeit.cloud.dev.util;  
  
import java.io.File;  
import java.io.IOException;    
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;    
import java.nio.charset.Charset;  
import java.util.ArrayList;    
import java.util.List;    
import java.util.Map;    
import java.util.Set;    
  
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;    
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;    
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;    
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;    
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;    
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;    
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;  
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;  
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;    
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;  
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;    
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;    
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;    
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;    
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;    
import org.caeit.cloud.dev.entity.HttpResponse;  
    
public class HttpClientUtil {    
        
    /**  
     * 发送http get请求  
     */    
    public static HttpResponse httpGet(String url,Map<String,String> headers,String encode){    
        HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();  
        if(encode == null){    
            encode = "utf-8";    
        }    
        String content = null;    
        //since 4.3 不再使用 DefaultHttpClient    
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();     
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);    
        //设置header  
        if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {  
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {  
                httpGet.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());  
            }  
        }  
        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;    
        try {    
            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpGet);    
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();    
            content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);    
            response.setBody(content);  
            response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());  
            response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());  
            response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());  
        } catch (Exception e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }finally{    
            try {    
                httpResponse.close();    
            } catch (IOException e) {    
                e.printStackTrace();    
            }    
        }    
        try {  //关闭连接、释放资源    
            closeableHttpClient.close();    
        } catch (IOException e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }      
        return response;    
    }    
    /**  
     * 发送 http post 请求，参数以form表单键值对的形式提交。  
     */    
    public static HttpResponse httpPostForm(String url,Map<String,String> params, Map<String,String> headers,String encode){    
        HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();  
        if(encode == null){    
            encode = "utf-8";    
        }    
        //HttpClients.createDefault()等价于 HttpClientBuilder.create().build();     
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();     
        HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);    
          
        //设置header  
        if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {  
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {  
                httpost.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());  
            }  
        }  
        //组织请求参数    
        List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>();    
        if(params != null && params.size() > 0){  
            Set<String> keySet = params.keySet();    
            for(String key : keySet) {    
                paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)));    
            }    
        }  
        try {    
            httpost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList, encode));    
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {    
            e1.printStackTrace();    
        }    
        String content = null;    
        CloseableHttpResponse  httpResponse = null;    
        try {    
            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpost);    
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();    
            content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);    
            response.setBody(content);  
            response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());  
            response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());  
            response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());  
        } catch (Exception e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }finally{    
            try {    
                httpResponse.close();    
            } catch (IOException e) {    
                e.printStackTrace();    
            }    
        }    
        try {  //关闭连接、释放资源    
            closeableHttpClient.close();    
        } catch (IOException e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }      
        return response;    
    }    
        
    /**  
     * 发送 http post 请求，参数以原生字符串进行提交  
     * @param url  
     * @param encode  
     * @return  
     */    
    public static HttpResponse httpPostRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map<String,String> headers, String encode){    
        HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();  
        if(encode == null){    
            encode = "utf-8";    
        }    
        //HttpClients.createDefault()等价于 HttpClientBuilder.create().build();     
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();     
        HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);    
          
        //设置header  
        httpost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");      
        if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {  
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {  
                httpost.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());  
            }  
        }  
        //组织请求参数    
        StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(stringJson, encode);    
        httpost.setEntity(stringEntity);    
        String content = null;    
        CloseableHttpResponse  httpResponse = null;    
        try {    
            //响应信息  
            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpost);    
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();    
            content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);    
            response.setBody(content);  
            response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());  
            response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());  
            response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());  
        } catch (Exception e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }finally{    
            try {    
                httpResponse.close();    
            } catch (IOException e) {    
                e.printStackTrace();    
            }    
        }    
        try {  //关闭连接、释放资源    
            closeableHttpClient.close();    
        } catch (IOException e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }      
        return response;    
    }    
      
    /**  
     * 发送 http put 请求，参数以原生字符串进行提交  
     * @param url  
     * @param encode  
     * @return  
     */    
    public static HttpResponse httpPutRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map<String,String> headers, String encode){    
        HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();  
        if(encode == null){    
            encode = "utf-8";    
        }    
        //HttpClients.createDefault()等价于 HttpClientBuilder.create().build();     
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();     
        HttpPut httpput = new HttpPut(url);  
          
        //设置header  
        httpput.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");      
        if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {  
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {  
                httpput.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());  
            }  
        }  
        //组织请求参数    
        StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(stringJson, encode);    
        httpput.setEntity(stringEntity);    
        String content = null;    
        CloseableHttpResponse  httpResponse = null;    
        try {    
            //响应信息  
            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpput);    
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();    
            content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);    
            response.setBody(content);  
            response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());  
            response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());  
            response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());  
        } catch (Exception e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }finally{    
            try {    
                httpResponse.close();    
            } catch (IOException e) {    
                e.printStackTrace();    
            }    
        }    
        try {    
            closeableHttpClient.close();  //关闭连接、释放资源    
        } catch (IOException e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }      
        return response;    
    }    
    /**  
     * 发送http delete请求  
     */    
    public static HttpResponse httpDelete(String url,Map<String,String> headers,String encode){    
        HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();  
        if(encode == null){    
            encode = "utf-8";    
        }    
        String content = null;    
        //since 4.3 不再使用 DefaultHttpClient    
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();     
        HttpDelete httpdelete = new HttpDelete(url);    
        //设置header  
        if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {  
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {  
                httpdelete.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());  
            }  
        }  
        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;    
        try {    
            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpdelete);    
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();    
            content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);    
            response.setBody(content);  
            response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());  
            response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());  
            response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());  
        } catch (Exception e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }finally{    
            try {    
                httpResponse.close();    
            } catch (IOException e) {    
                e.printStackTrace();    
            }    
        }    
        try {   //关闭连接、释放资源    
            closeableHttpClient.close();    
        } catch (IOException e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }      
        return response;    
    }    
      
    /**  
     * 发送 http post 请求，支持文件上传 
     */    
    public static HttpResponse httpPostFormMultipart(String url,Map<String,String> params, List<File> files,Map<String,String> headers,String encode){    
        HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();  
        if(encode == null){    
            encode = "utf-8";    
        }    
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();     
        HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);    
          
        //设置header  
        if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {  
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {  
                httpost.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());  
            }  
        }  
        MultipartEntityBuilder mEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();  
        mEntityBuilder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);  
        mEntityBuilder.setCharset(Charset.forName(encode));  
          
        // 普通参数  
        ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("text/plain",Charset.forName(encode));//解决中文乱码  
        if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {  
            Set<String> keySet = params.keySet();  
            for (String key : keySet) {  
                mEntityBuilder.addTextBody(key, params.get(key),contentType);  
            }  
        }  
        //二进制参数  
        if (files != null && files.size() > 0) {  
            for (File file : files) {  
                mEntityBuilder.addBinaryBody("file", file);  
            }  
        }  
        httpost.setEntity(mEntityBuilder.build());  
        String content = null;    
        CloseableHttpResponse  httpResponse = null;    
        try {    
            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpost);    
            HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();    
            content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);    
            response.setBody(content);  
            response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());  
            response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());  
            response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());  
        } catch (Exception e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }finally{    
            try {    
                httpResponse.close();    
            } catch (IOException e) {    
                e.printStackTrace();    
            }    
        }    
        try {  //关闭连接、释放资源    
            closeableHttpClient.close();    
        } catch (IOException e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }      
        return response;    
    }    
        
}

发送Get请求：

HttpResponse httpGet(String url,Map<String,String> headers,String encode)

发送Post请求，同表单Post提交

HttpResponse httpPostForm(String url,Map<String,String> params, Map<String,String> headers,String encode)

发送Post Raw请求

HttpResponse httpPostRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map<String,String> headers, String encode)

发送Put Raw请求

HttpResponse httpPutRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map<String,String> headers, String encode)

发送Delete请求

HttpResponse httpDelete(String url,Map<String,String> headers,String encode)

说明：

1、since 4.3 不再使用 DefaultHttpClient

2、UrlEncodedFormEntity 与 StringEntity 区别

2.1、UrlEncodedFormEntity()的形式比较单一，只能是普通的键值对，局限性相对较大。

2.2、而StringEntity()的形式比较自由，只要是字符串放进去，不论格式都可以。

3、以raw方式发送请求时，需指定 Content type：httpost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");  否则默认使用 Content type 'text/plain;charset=UTF-8'

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