在JAVA中利用Cloneable接口实现深拷贝

准备工作

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Product implements Cloneable{
    private String name;
    private int stock;
    private double price;

    @Override
    protected Product clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return (Product)super.clone();
    }
}

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class PromotionRule implements Cloneable{
    private String type;
    private int discount;
    private Product product;

    @Override
    protected PromotionRule clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return (PromotionRule)super.clone();
    }
}

使用原生的clone方法

public class DeepClone {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 产品
        Product iphone = new Product("Iphone",10 , 100000);

        // 促销规则
        PromotionRule promotionRule = new PromotionRule("dker45", 10, iphone);
        PromotionRule promotionRule2 = null;

        try {
            promotionRule2 = promotionRule.clone();
            promotionRule2.getProduct().setStock(20);
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        System.out.println(promotionRule);  // stock=20
        System.out.println(promotionRule2); // stock=20
    }
}

从输出的结果可以看出clone()方法实现的是浅拷贝

递归克隆

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class PromotionRule implements Cloneable {
    private String type;
    private int discount;
    private Product product;

    @Override
    protected PromotionRule clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        PromotionRule promotionRule = (PromotionRule) super.clone();
        if (null != product) {
            // 调用对象类型的clone()实现深拷贝
            promotionRule.setProduct(product.clone());
        }
        return promotionRule;
    }
}

修改完成后重新调用main方法发现可以实现深拷贝了。
递归克隆的缺点在于，如果对象中包含的对象太多、需要依次克隆。
递归克隆的思路在装饰者模式中也有运用。

使用序列化克隆

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Product implements Cloneable, Serializable {
    private String name;
    private int stock;
    private double price;

    @Override
    protected Product clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return (Product) super.clone();
    }
}

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class PromotionRule implements Cloneable, Serializable {
    private String type;
    private int discount;
    private Product product;

    @Override
    protected PromotionRule clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        PromotionRule promotionRule = (PromotionRule) super.clone();
        if (null != product) {
            promotionRule.setProduct(product.clone());
        }
        return promotionRule;
    }
}

public class DeepClone {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 产品
        Product iphone = new Product("Iphone",10 , 100000);

        // 促销规则
        PromotionRule promotionRule = new PromotionRule("dker45", 10, iphone);
        PromotionRule promotionRule2 = null;

        try {
            promotionRule2 = (PromotionRule) doDeepCloneByStream(promotionRule);
            promotionRule2.getProduct().setStock(20);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        System.out.println(promotionRule);  // stock=20
        System.out.println(promotionRule2); // stock=20
        // 从输出的结果可以看出clone()方法实现的是浅拷贝
    }

    public static Object doDeepCloneByStream(Object obj) {
        ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
        Object res = null;
        try {
            // 1.将对象输出到字节数组中
            ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            oos = new ObjectOutputStream(out);
            oos.writeObject(obj);
            byte[] bytes = out.toByteArray();
            // 2.将字节数组读到对象中
            ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes));
            res = ois.readObject();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return res;
    }
}