Spark之【RDD编程】详细讲解(No4)——《RDD中的函数传递》

        本篇博客是Spark之【RDD编程】系列第四篇，为大家带来的是RDD中的函数传递的内容。

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5.RDD中的函数传递

        在实际开发中我们往往需要自己定义一些对于RDD的操作，那么此时需要注意的是，初始化工作是在Driver端进行的，而实际运行程序是在Executor端进行的，这就涉及到了跨进程通信，是需要序列化的。下面我们看几个例子：
        

5.1 传递一个方法

1.创建一个类

class Search(query:String){

//过滤出包含字符串的数据
  def isMatch(s: String): Boolean = {
    s.contains(query)
  }

//过滤出包含字符串的RDD
  def getMatch1 (rdd: RDD[String]): RDD[String] = {
    rdd.filter(isMatch)
  }

  //过滤出包含字符串的RDD
  def getMatche2(rdd: RDD[String]): RDD[String] = {
    rdd.filter(x => x.contains(query))
  }

}

2.创建Spark主程序

object SeriTest {

  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

    //1.初始化配置信息及SparkContext
    val sparkConf: SparkConf = new SparkConf().setAppName("WordCount").setMaster("local[*]")
    val sc = new SparkContext(sparkConf)

    //2.创建一个RDD
    val rdd: RDD[String] = sc.parallelize(Array("hadoop", "spark", "hive", "atguigu"))

    //3.创建一个Search对象
    val search = new Search(“h”)

    //4.运用第一个过滤函数并打印结果
    val match1: RDD[String] = search.getMatche1(rdd)
    match1.collect().foreach(println)
    }
}

3.运行程序

Exception in thread "main" org.apache.spark.SparkException: Task not serializable
    at org.apache.spark.util.ClosureCleaner$.ensureSerializable(ClosureCleaner.scala:298)
    at org.apache.spark.util.ClosureCleaner$.org$apache$spark$util$ClosureCleaner$$clean(ClosureCleaner.scala:288)
    at org.apache.spark.util.ClosureCleaner$.clean(ClosureCleaner.scala:108)
    at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.clean(SparkContext.scala:2101)
    at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD$$anonfun$filter$1.apply(RDD.scala:387)
    at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD$$anonfun$filter$1.apply(RDD.scala:386)
    at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDDOperationScope$.withScope(RDDOperationScope.scala:151)
    at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDDOperationScope$.withScope(RDDOperationScope.scala:112)
    at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD.withScope(RDD.scala:362)
    at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD.filter(RDD.scala:386)
    at com.atguigu.Search.getMatche1(SeriTest.scala:39)
    at com.atguigu.SeriTest$.main(SeriTest.scala:18)
    at com.atguigu.SeriTest.main(SeriTest.scala)
Caused by: java.io.NotSerializableException: com.atguigu.Search

4.问题说明

//过滤出包含字符串的RDD
  def getMatch1 (rdd: RDD[String]): RDD[String] = {
    rdd.filter(isMatch)
  }

        在这个方法中所调用的方法isMatch()是定义在Search这个类中的，实际上调用的是this. isMatch()，this表示Search这个类的对象，程序在运行过程中需要将Search对象序列化以后传递到Executor端。

5．解决方案

使类继承scala.Serializable即可。

class Search() extends Serializable{...}

5.2 传递一个属性

1．创建Spark主程序

object TransmitTest {

  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

    //1.初始化配置信息及SparkContext
    val sparkConf: SparkConf = new SparkConf().setAppName("WordCount").setMaster("local[*]")
    val sc = new SparkContext(sparkConf)

    //2.创建一个RDD
    val rdd: RDD[String] = sc.parallelize(Array("hadoop", "spark", "hive", "atguigu"))

    //3.创建一个Search对象
    val search = new Search("h")

    //4.运用第一个过滤函数并打印结果
    val match1: RDD[String] = search.getMatche2(rdd)
    match1.collect().foreach(println)
    }
}

2.运行程序

Exception in thread "main" org.apache.spark.SparkException: Task not serializable
    at org.apache.spark.util.ClosureCleaner$.ensureSerializable(ClosureCleaner.scala:298)
    at org.apache.spark.util.ClosureCleaner$.org$apache$spark$util$ClosureCleaner$$clean(ClosureCleaner.scala:288)
    at org.apache.spark.util.ClosureCleaner$.clean(ClosureCleaner.scala:108)
    at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.clean(SparkContext.scala:2101)
    at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD$$anonfun$filter$1.apply(RDD.scala:387)
    at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD$$anonfun$filter$1.apply(RDD.scala:386)
    at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDDOperationScope$.withScope(RDDOperationScope.scala:151)
    at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDDOperationScope$.withScope(RDDOperationScope.scala:112)
    at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD.withScope(RDD.scala:362)
    at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD.filter(RDD.scala:386)
    at com.atguigu.Search.getMatche1(SeriTest.scala:39)
    at com.atguigu.SeriTest$.main(SeriTest.scala:18)
    at com.atguigu.SeriTest.main(SeriTest.scala)
Caused by: java.io.NotSerializableException: com.atguigu.Search

3.问题说明

//过滤出包含字符串的RDD
  def getMatche2(rdd: RDD[String]): RDD[String] = {
    rdd.filter(x => x.contains(query))
  }

        在这个方法中所调用的方法query是定义在Search这个类中的字段，实际上调用的是this. query，this表示Search这个类的对象，程序在运行过程中需要将Search对象序列化以后传递到Executor端。

4．解决方案

1）使类继承scala.Serializable即可。

class Search() extends Serializable{...}

2）将类变量query赋值给局部变量

修改getMatche2方法内部:

 //过滤出包含字符串的RDD
  def getMatche2(rdd: RDD[String]): RDD[String] = {
    val query_ : String = this.query//将类变量赋值给局部变量
    rdd.filter(x => x.contains(query_))
  }

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