Hive 高级应用（一）之 Hive shell 操作

1、Hive 命令行

（1）这是 hive 支持的一些命令：

Command Description
quit Use quit or exit to leave the interactive shell.
set key=value Use this to set value of particular configuration variable. One thing to note here is that if you misspell the variable name, cli will not show an error.
set This will print a list of configuration variables that are overridden by user or hive.
set -v This will print all hadoop and hive configuration variables.
add FILE [file] [file]* Adds a file to the list of resources
add jar jarname
list FILE list all the files added to the distributed cache
list FILE [file]* Check if given resources are already added to distributed cache
! [cmd] Executes a shell command from the hive shell
dfs [dfs cmd] Executes a dfs command from the hive shell
[query] Executes a hive query and prints results to standard out
source FILE Used to execute a script file inside the CLI.

（2）语法结构：

hive [-hiveconf x=y]* [<-i filename>]* [<-f filename>|<-e query-string>] [-S]

（3）语法结构释义：

语法结构	说明
-i	从文件初始化 HQL
-e	从命令行执行指定的 HQL
-f	执行 HQL 脚本
-v	输出执行的 HQL 语句到控制台
-p <port<>	connect to Hive Server on port number
-hiveconf x=y	（Use this to set hive/hadoop configuration variables）
-S	表示以不打印日志的形式执行命名操作