第四章 选择结构程序设计

例4.5 有一阶跃函数，编一程序，输入一个x值，要求输出相应的y值

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x,y;
scanf("%d",&x);
if (x<=0)
    if (x<0) y=-1;
    else     y=0;
else       
    y=1;
printf("x=%d,y=%d\n",x,y);
return 0;
}

运行结果如下

例4.6 要求按照考试成绩的等级输出百分制分数段

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{ char grade;
   scanf("%c",&grade);
   printf("Your score:");
   switch(grade)
  { case 'A': printf("85～100\n");break;
     case 'B': printf("70～84\n");break;
     case 'C': printf("60～69\n");break;
     case 'D': printf("<60\n");break;    
   default:  printf("enter data error!\n");
   }
   return 0;
 }

运行结果如下

例4.8 写一程序，判断某一年是否为闰年

#include <stdio.h>
int main() 
{int year,leap;
  printf("enter year:"); scanf("%d",&year);
  if((year%4==0 && year%100!=0) 
                         || (year%400==0))
     leap=1;
  else  
     leap=0;
  if (leap)     printf("%d is ",year);
  else  printf("%d is not ",year);
  printf("a leap year.\n");
  return 0;
}

运行结果如下

例4.9 求axx+b*x+c=0方程的解

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
  double a,b,c,disc,x1,x2,realpart,  imagpart;
                                          
  scanf("%lf,%lf,%lf",&a,&b,&c);
  printf("The equation ");
  if(fabs(a)<=1e-6)
      printf("is not a quadratic\n");
else
  {disc=b*b-4*a*c;
    if(fabs(disc)<=1e-6)
      printf("has two equal roots:%8.4f\n",
                                           -b/(2*a));
    else
if(disc>1e-6)
   {x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);
       x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);
       printf("has distinct real roots:%8.4f and %8.4f\n",x1,x2);
   }
                                  
      else
{ realpart=-b/(2*a);              
         imagpart=sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);       
         printf(" has complex roots:\n");         
         printf("%8.4f+%8.4fi\n"
                               ,realpart,imagpart); 
         printf("%8.4f-%8.4fi\n",
                              realpart,imagpart);   
     }
    }
    return 0;
}  

运行结果如下

例4.10 运输公司对用户计算运输费用

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{ 
   int c,s;
   float p,w,d,f;
   printf("please enter price,weight,discount:");   
   scanf("%f,%f,%d",&p,&w,&s); 
   c=s/250;
switch(c)
   { case 0:   d=0; break; 
      case 1:   d=2; break;                          
      case 2: 
      case 3:   d=5; break;                           
      case 4: 
      case 5:      
      case 6:      
      case 7:   d=8; break;                           
      case 8:  case 9:  case 10:   
      case 11:  d=10; break;                        
      default:  d=15; 
   }
   f = p * w * s * (1 - d / 100);                   
   printf("freight=%10.2f\n",f); 
   return 0;
}

运行结果如下

例5.1 求1+2+3+4+5+…100。

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{ int i,sum; 
   i=1;
   sum=0; 
   while (i<=100)
   {  sum=sum+i;                        
       i++;                               
   }
   printf("sum=%d\n",sum);              
   return 0;
}

运行结果如下