以太坊--投票系统开发（学习总结）

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-23 14:19:23 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-04-23 14:19:23 发布

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分类专栏：以太坊区块链文章标签：区块链

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44623594/article/details/108391213

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学习视频连接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1jJ411U7ny?p=69
环境配置：采用的以太坊测试网络为ganache-cli，solc@0.4.22，web3@0.20.1
可以在一个单独文件夹中安装特定版本的测试环境

一、启动ganache-cli
进入装好软件的文件夹中
在这里插入图片描述
输入命令./node_modules/.bin/ganache-cli 启动ganache

（这里我遇到了在Ubuntu中报错文件找不到，但是文件是存在的，我直接用ganache-cli中的命令语句启动后，node控制台中连接不上，所以我最后还是去Windows下Ubuntu子系统做测试了，子系统中都正常）

启动ganache后最小化不管他就行了，我们需要的区块链环境已经运行起来了
随后再开一个终端，进入刚才的文件夹中（合约提前编写好），进入node控制台
在这里插入图片描述
依次输入命令，引入web3

var Web3=require('web3') 
var web3=new Web3(new Web3.providers.HttpProvider('http://localhost:8545'))

检查web3与ganache是否连接上，前面说的连接不上就是这里报false，正常报true

web3.isConnected()

引入solc，输入下面命令后可输入solc检查是否成功

var solc = require('solc')

前面的工作没错误之后，定义合约，vote.sol是我的合约文件

var sourcecode=fs.readFileSync('vote.sol').toString()

这样直接输入sourcecode就会输出合约
在这里插入图片描述
接下来编译合约，得到abi和bytecode，编译命令为

 var compilecode=solc.compile(sourcecode)

输入compilecode得到编译得到的信息，为引用方便定义abi和bytecode

var abi = compilecode.contracts[':votesimple'].interface 
var byteCode = compilecode.contracts[':votesimple'].bytecode

然后我们创建一个合约对象（抽象的合约对象）

 var votesimplecontract = web3.eth.contract(abi)

创建交易

var deploytxobj = {data:byteCode,from:web3.eth.accounts[0],gas:300000}

定义合约实例，[‘A’,‘B’,‘C’]相当于给构造函数赋初值，也就是给合约赋初值

var contractinstance = votesimplecontract.new(['A','B','C'],deploytxobj)

获取合约地址，用于js文件中（还有abi）

contractinstance.adress

js文件

```bash
> var web3=new Web3(new
> Web3.providers.HttpProvider("http://localhost:8545"));
> 
> var
> abi=JSON.parse('[{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"votesReceived","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint8"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"candidateName","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"totalvotesfor","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint8"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"candidateName","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"vote","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"name":"candidateList","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"bytes32"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"name":"candidateListName","type":"bytes32[]"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"}]' ); 
> var contractAddr="0xcd22d79e2ed8bc921bfc5afda2f41cf40299ce37";
>  var VotingContract = web3.eth.contract(abi); 
>  var contractInstance =VotingContract.at(contractAddr);
> 
> var candidates = {"A":"candidate-1","B":"candidate-2","C":"candidate-3"};
> 
> function voteForCandidate(){ 
> 	let candidateName=$("#candidate").val(); 	
> try{ 		
>    contractInstance.vote(candidateName,{from:web3.eth.accounts[0]},(err,res)=>{
> 			if (err)
> 				console.log("Error:",err); 		
>       	else{
> 				let id = candidates[candidateName];
> 				let count=contractInstance.totalvotesfor(candidateName).toString();
> 				$("#" + id).html(count); 			
>               } 		
>          })
>    } catch (err){} 
>    }
> 
> $(document).ready(function(){ 	var
> candidateList=Object.keys(candidates); 	
> for( let i=0;i<candidateList.length;i++){ 		
>  let name=candidateList[i]; 		
>  let count=contractInstance.totalvotesfor(name).toString();
>  $("#"+candidates[name]).html(count); 	} });

html文件

 <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Voting Dapp</title>
	<link href='https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
  </head>
  <body class="container">
    <h1>Simplevoting Dapp</h1>
	  <div class="table-responsive">
	    <table class="table table-bordered">
		 <thead>
		  <tr>
		    <th>Candidate</th>
			<th>Vote Count</th>
		  </tr>
		 </thead>
		<tbody>
		  <tr>
		    <td>A</td>
			<td id="candidate-1"></td>
		  </tr>
		  <tr>
		    <td>B</td>
			<td id="candidate-2"></td>
		  </tr>
		   <tr>
		    <td>C</td>
			<td id="candidate-3"></td>
		  </tr>
		</tbody>
        </table>
		<input type="text" id="candidate" />
		<a href="#" onclick="voteForCandidate()" class="btn btn-primary">Vote</a>
	  </div>
  </body>
  <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.slim.min.js"></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/ethereum/web3.js@0.20.6/dist/web3.min.js" ></script>
  <script src="./vote.js"></script>
</html>