ubuntu 的一些坑

防火墙知识

- 安装：sudo apt-get install ufw
- 查看状态：sudo ufw status
- 开启/关闭：sudo ufw enable | disable
- 默认允许/禁止：sudo ufw default allow | deny
- 允许/禁止：sudo ufw allow|deny 服务 | port，如：sudo ufw deny 22
- 移除规则：sudo ufw delete deny 22
- 允许范围端口：sudo ufw allow 5901:5999/tcp

ubuntu — apt-get install的时候提示unable to locate package

由于ubuntu镜像一般默认自带的都是us的官方源http://us.archive.ubuntu.com，和http://security.ubuntu.com。这些镜像源的地址在中国大多数难以连接，因此需要换国内的源，国内的源有网易源、阿里源、科大源等等，替换阿里源。

sudo su     #输入密码
cd /etc/apt  #切换到apt源文件
mv  sources.list sources.list_bak  #备份源文件
vim sources.list  #新建一个，然后将下面的内容copy进去

• 替换全部为一下内容

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse

• 保存，然后执行

sudo apt-get update

xshell 连接 ubuntu

如果没安装 ssh 服务 会报错 Could not connect to ‘192.168.216.152’ (port 22): Connection failed.

sudo apt-get install openssh-service
或者
1. sudo apt update
2. sudo apt upgrade
3. sudo apt install -y openssh-server

• 测试

ssh localhost

VI时，方向键按下去后变成ABCD，删除键无效(重新安装)

sudo apt-get remove vim-common
sudo apt-get install vim