Session

Session概念

@WebServlet("/sessionDemo01")
public class SessionDemo01 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //使用session共享数据

        //获取session
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        //存储数据
        session.setAttribute("msg","hello,session");
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

@WebServlet("/sessionDemo02")
public class SessionDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //使用session共享数据

        //获取session
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        //存储数据
        Object msg = session.getAttribute("msg");
        System.out.println(msg);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

Session 实现原理

Session细节1

@WebServlet("/sessionDemo03")
public class SessionDemo03 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //使用session共享数据

        //获取session
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        System.out.println(session);

        //期望客户端关闭后，session也能相同
        Cookie c = new Cookie("JESSIONID", session.getId());
        c.setMaxAge(60*60);
        response.addCookie(c);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

Session细节2

Session特点

案例-验证码

验证码模块

@WebServlet("/checkcodeServlet")
public class CheckcodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        int width = 100;
        int height = 50;
        //创建对象，在内存中生成图片（验证码图片对象）
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);

        //美化图片
        //填充背景色
        Graphics g = image.getGraphics();//画笔对象
        g.setColor(Color.pink);
        g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
        //画边框
        g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
        //写验证码
        String str = "ABC123"; //生成随机字符
        Random ran = new Random();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            int index = ran.nextInt(str.length());
            char c = str.charAt(index);
            sb.append(c);
            System.out.print(c);
            //写验证码
            g.drawString(c + "", width / 5 * i, height / 2);
        };
        System.out.println("");
        String checkCode = sb.toString();
        //将验证码存入Session
        request.getSession().setAttribute("checkCode_session",checkCode);
        //画干扰线
        g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            int x1=ran.nextInt(width);
            int x2=ran.nextInt(width);
            int y1=ran.nextInt(height);
            int y2=ran.nextInt(height);
            g.drawLine(x1,y1,x2,y2);
        }

        //将图片输出到页面显示
        ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

登录模块

@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //设置request编码
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        //获取参数
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        String checkCode = request.getParameter("checkcode");
        //获取生成的验证码
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        String checkCode_session = (String) session.getAttribute("checkCode_session");

        //删除session中存储的验证码
        session.removeAttribute("checkCode_session");

        //先判断验证码是否正确
        if (checkCode_session!=null&&checkCode_session.equalsIgnoreCase(checkCode)){
            //忽略大小写
            //验证码正确
            //判段用户名和密码是否正确
            if("zhangsan".equals(username)&&"123".equals(password)){
                //登陆成功
                //存储信息
                session.setAttribute("user",username);
                //重定向到success.jsp
                response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/success.jsp");
            }else {
                //登陆失败
                request.setAttribute("login_Error","用户名或密码错误");
                //转发到登录页面
                request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
            }
        }else {
            //验证码不一致
            //存储提示信息到request
            request.setAttribute("CheckCode_Error","验证码错误");
            //转发到登录页面
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
        }
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

登录页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Login</title>
    <script>
        window.onload=function () {
            document.getElementById("img").onclick=function () {
                this.src="checkcodeServlet?time="+new Date().getTime();
            }
        }
    </script>
    <style>
        div{
            color: red;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="/loginServlet" method="post">
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>用户名</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="username"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>密码</td>
                <td><input type="password" name="password"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>验证码</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="checkcode"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td colspan="2"><img id="img" src="checkcodeServlet"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td colspan="2"><input type="submit" name="登录"></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
<%--        <%=request.getAttribute("checkCode_session")%>--%>
    </form>

    <div><%=request.getAttribute("CheckCode_Error")==null ? "" : request.getAttribute("CheckCode_Error")%></div>
    <div><%=request.getAttribute("login_Error")==null ? "" : request.getAttribute("login_Error")%></div>

</body>
</html>

登陆成功页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
        <h1><%=request.getSession().getAttribute("user")%>，欢迎您！</h1>
</body>
</html>