Django自定义文件存储类

Django自定义文件存储类

环境准备
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44834666/article/details/105701632

配置文件准备 创建一个client.conf文件 写入下面的代码

# connect timeout in seconds
# default value is 30s
connect_timeout=10

# network timeout in seconds
# default value is 30s
network_timeout=60

# the base path to store log files
base_path=/home/fish/storelog

# tracker_server can ocur more than once, and tracker_server format is
#  "host:port", host can be hostname or ip address
tracker_server=192.168.198.136:22122

#standard log level as syslog, case insensitive, value list:
### emerg for emergency
### alert
### crit for critical
### error
### warn for warning
### notice
### info
### debug
log_level=info

# if use connection pool
# default value is false
# since V4.05
use_connection_pool = false

# connections whose the idle time exceeds this time will be closed
# unit: second
# default value is 3600
# since V4.05
connection_pool_max_idle_time = 3600

# if load FastDFS parameters from tracker server
# since V4.05
# default value is false
load_fdfs_parameters_from_tracker=false

# if use storage ID instead of IP address
# same as tracker.conf
# valid only when load_fdfs_parameters_from_tracker is false
# default value is false
# since V4.05
use_storage_id = false

# specify storage ids filename, can use relative or absolute path
# same as tracker.conf
# valid only when load_fdfs_parameters_from_tracker is false
# since V4.05
storage_ids_filename = storage_ids.conf


#HTTP settings
http.tracker_server_port=80

#use "#include" directive to include HTTP other settiongs
##include http.conf

在项目目录下创建一个fdfs包，将上面的配置文件放到包中，并创建一个storage.py文件，写入下面代码

from django.core.files.storage import Storage # 导入文件存储类的父类
from fdfs_client.client import Fdfs_client, get_tracker_conf
from django.conf import settings
# 继承Storage
class FDFSStorage(Storage):
    """ fastdfs 文件存储类 """
    # 继承Storage必须实现_open()和_save()方法
    def __init__(self, client_conf=None, base_url=None):
        """初始化"""
        if client_conf is None:
            # client_conf = './apps/utils/fdfs/client.conf'
            client_conf = settings.FDFS_CLIENT_CONF
        self.client_conf = client_conf

        if base_url is None:
            base_url = settings.FDFS_URL
        self.base_url = base_url


    # _open 用来读取文件
    def _open(self, name, mode='rb'):
        """ 打开文件时使用 """
        pass

    # _save 用来保存文件,name 上传文件的名字  content 是file类的一个对象，包含上传文件内容, 可以用read()
    def _save(self, name, content):
        """ 保存文件时使用 """

        # 创建一个Fdfs_client对象
        client = Fdfs_client(get_tracker_conf(self.client_conf))

        # 上传文件到storage服务器, 通过文件内容上传,返回一个字典
        # dict
        # {
        #     'Group name': group_name,
        #     'Remote file_id': remote_file_id,
        #     'Status': 'Upload successed.',
        #     'Local file name': '',
        #     'Uploaded size': upload_size,
        #     'Storage IP': storage_ip
        # }
        ret = client.upload_by_buffer(content.read())

        # 判断是否上传成功
        if ret.get('Status') != 'Upload successed.':
            # 失败则抛出异常
            raise Exception('上传文件到fast dfs失败')

        # 如果上传成功，就获取文件ID
        filename = ret.get('Remote file_id')

        # 返回文件ID
        return filename.decode()

    # 重写exists方法
    # 判断上传的文件名是否可用
    def exists(self, name):
        return False


    # 通过url访问文件
    def url(self, name):
        """ 访问文件的url路径 """
        # name 保存的是文件ID
        return self.base_url+name

需要注意的点

1. _save 里 字典取出来的是字节流类型的数据，return 的时候要使用decode方法进行转换
2. 继承Storage必须实现_open()和_save()方法
3. url方法 用来访问文件
4. exists方法用来判断文件名是否重复，但因为我们不存放在Django目录中，所以一直都是False

在Django 中settings文件配置三个变量

# 指定Django使用的文件存储类 ，上面编写的py文件的路径
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'utils.fdfs.storage.FDFSStorage'
# 设置fdfs使用的client.conf文件路径 ，变量名自己取，与上面的py文件一致
FDFS_CLIENT_CONF = './apps/utils/fdfs/client.conf'
# 设置fdfs存储服务器ngibx的ip和端口号，变量名自己取，与上面的py文件一致
FDFS_URL = 'http://192.168.198.136:8888/'