使用注解的方式完成spring注入对象中的效果
1.新建java项目
2.创建lib,导入库,
3.创建Category和Product实现类:
package com.how2java.pojo; public class Category { public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } private int id; private String name; }
package com.how2java.pojo; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; /** * @author lenovo */ public class Product { private int id; private String name; private Category category; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Category getCategory() { return category; } public void setCategory(Category category) { this.category = category; } }
4.创建spring配置,applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <!-- 告诉Spring要用注解的方式进行配置--> <context:annotation-config/> <bean name="c" class="com.how2java.pojo.Category"> <property name="name" value="category 1" /> </bean> <bean name="p" class="com.how2java.pojo.Product"> <property name="name" value="product1" /> <!-- 这个行为在后面将使用注解来完成--> <!-- <property name="category" ref="c" /> --> </bean> </beans>
5.1在Product.java的category属性前加上@Autowired注解
package com.how2java.pojo; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; /** * @author lenovo */ public class Product { private int id; private String name; @Autowired private Category category; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Category getCategory() { return category; } public void setCategory(Category category) { this.category = category; } }
6.1创建测试类:
package com.how2java.test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.how2java.pojo.Product; /**注入对象行为 * @author lenovo */ public class SpringTest { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" }); Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p"); System.out.println(p.getName()); System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName()); } }
运行结果:
product1
category 1
5.2在Product.java的category的setCategory方法前加上@Autowired
package com.how2java.pojo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
public class Product {
private int id;
private String name;
private Category category;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Category getCategory() {
return category;
}
@Autowired
public void setCategory(Category category) {
this.category = category;
}
}
6.2新建测试类
package com.how2java.test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.how2java.pojo.Product; /**注入对象行为 * @author lenovo */ public class SpringTest { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" }); Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p"); System.out.println(p.getName()); System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName()); } }
运行结果:
product1
category 1
5.3在Product.java的category属性前加上@Autowired注解
package com.how2java.pojo;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
public class Product {
private int id;
private String name;
@Resource(name="c")
private Category category;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Category getCategory() {
return category;
}
public void setCategory(Category category) {
this.category = category;
}
}
6.3创建测试类:
package com.how2java.test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.how2java.pojo.Product; /**注入对象行为 * @author lenovo */ public class SpringTest { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" }); Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p"); System.out.println(p.getName()); System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName()); } }
运行结果:
product1
category 1
bean对象本身,比如Category,Product可不可以移出applicationContext.xml配置文件时,也通过注解进行
7.修改applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <!-- 作用是告诉Spring,bean都放在com.how2java.pojo这个包下--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java.pojo"/> </beans>
8.@Component在实现类上声明,表明此类是bean,因为Category,Product可以移除spring的配置从applicationContext.xml中移出来了,所以属性初始化放在属性声明上进行了
package com.how2java.pojo; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /**为Category 类加上@Component注解,即表明此类是bean * @author lenovo */ @Component("c") public class Category { private int id; private String name="category 1"; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } }
package com.how2java.pojo; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * 为Product类加上@Component注解,即表明此类是bean * @author lenovo */ @Component("p") public class Product { private int id; private String name="product 1"; @Autowired private Category category; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Category getCategory() { return category; } public void setCategory(Category category) { this.category = category; } }
9.新建测试类
package com.how2java.test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.how2java.pojo.Product; /** * @author lenovo */ public class SpringTest { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" }); Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p"); System.out.println(p.getName()); System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName()); } }
运行结果:
product 1
category 1
package com.how2java.test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
public class TestSpring {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" });
Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p");
System.out.println(p.getName());
System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName());
}
}
对注入对象行为的注解:
<context:annotation-config/>:表示告诉Spring要用注解的方式进行配置
1.在Product.java的category属性前加上@Autowired注解
@Autowired
private Category category;
2.在setCategory方法前加上@Autowired,这样来达到相同的效果
@Autowired
public void setCategory(Category category)
3.@Resource也是常用的手段
@Resource(name="c")
private Category category;
三种注解的结果一样
bean对象本身进行注解:比如Category,Product可不可以移出applicationContext.xml配置文件时,也通过注解进行
1.修改applicationContext.xml,什么都去掉,只新增:<context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java.pojo"/>:其作用是告诉Spring,bean都放在com.how2java.pojo这个包下
2.给实体类配置@Component,在属性初始化上声明