spring（3）-----------注解方式

 

使用注解的方式完成spring注入对象中的效果

1.新建java项目

2.创建lib，导入库，

3.创建Category和Product实现类：

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
public class Category {
 
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    private int id;
    private String name;
}

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 
/**
 * @author lenovo
 */
public class Product {
 
    private int id;
    private String name;
    
    private Category category;
 
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
 
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
}

 

4.创建spring配置，applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context      
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

<!--    告诉Spring要用注解的方式进行配置-->
    <context:annotation-config/>
    <bean name="c" class="com.how2java.pojo.Category">
        <property name="name" value="category 1" />
    </bean>
    <bean name="p" class="com.how2java.pojo.Product">
        <property name="name" value="product1" />
<!--        这个行为在后面将使用注解来完成-->
<!--         <property name="category" ref="c" /> -->
    </bean>
  
</beans>

5.1在Product.java的category属性前加上@Autowired注解

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 
/**
 * @author lenovo
 */
public class Product {
 
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @Autowired
    private Category category;
 
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
 
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
}

6.1创建测试类：

package com.how2java.test;
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
 
/**注入对象行为
 * @author lenovo
 */
public class SpringTest {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" });
        Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p");
        System.out.println(p.getName());
        System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName());
    }
}

运行结果：

product1
category 1

 

5.2在Product.java的category的setCategory方法前加上@Autowired

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 
public class Product {
 
    private int id;
    private String name;
     
    private Category category;
 
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
    @Autowired
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
}

6.2新建测试类

package com.how2java.test;
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
 
/**注入对象行为
 * @author lenovo
 */
public class SpringTest {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" });
        Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p");
        System.out.println(p.getName());
        System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName());
    }
}

运行结果：

product1
category 1

5.3在Product.java的category属性前加上@Autowired注解

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
import javax.annotation.Resource;
 
public class Product {
 
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @Resource(name="c")
    private Category category;
 
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
     
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
}

6.3创建测试类：

package com.how2java.test;
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
 
/**注入对象行为
 * @author lenovo
 */
public class SpringTest {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" });
        Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p");
        System.out.println(p.getName());
        System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName());
    }
}

运行结果：

product1
category 1

 

bean对象本身，比如Category,Product可不可以移出applicationContext.xml配置文件时，也通过注解进行

7.修改applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context      
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">


<!--    作用是告诉Spring，bean都放在com.how2java.pojo这个包下-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java.pojo"/>
  
</beans>

8.@Component在实现类上声明，表明此类是bean，因为Category,Product可以移除spring的配置从applicationContext.xml中移出来了，所以属性初始化放在属性声明上进行了

package com.how2java.pojo;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**为Category 类加上@Component注解，即表明此类是bean
 * @author lenovo
 */
@Component("c")
public class Category {

    private int id;
    private String name="category 1";
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
}

package com.how2java.pojo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 为Product类加上@Component注解，即表明此类是bean
 * @author lenovo
 */
@Component("p")
public class Product {

    private int id;
    private String name="product 1";

    @Autowired
    private Category category;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }

    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
}

 

9.新建测试类

package com.how2java.test;
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
 
/**
 * @author lenovo
 */
public class SpringTest {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" });
        Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p");
        System.out.println(p.getName());
        System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName());
    }
}

运行结果：

product 1
category 1

package com.how2java.test;
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
 
public class TestSpring {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" });
        Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p");
        System.out.println(p.getName());
        System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName());
    }
}

 

 

对注入对象行为的注解：

<context:annotation-config/>：表示告诉Spring要用注解的方式进行配置

1.在Product.java的category属性前加上@Autowired注解

@Autowired

private Category category;

2.在setCategory方法前加上@Autowired，这样来达到相同的效果

@Autowired

public void setCategory(Category category)

3.@Resource也是常用的手段

@Resource(name="c")

private Category category;

   三种注解的结果一样

 

bean对象本身进行注解：比如Category,Product可不可以移出applicationContext.xml配置文件时，也通过注解进行

1.修改applicationContext.xml，什么都去掉，只新增：<context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java.pojo"/>：其作用是告诉Spring，bean都放在com.how2java.pojo这个包下

2.给实体类配置@Component，在属性初始化上声明