canal数据同步工具

前言

使用canal之前要在linux中和windows中都安装数据库，linux安装数据库见博文

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45031570/article/details/125032004?csdn_share_tail=%7B%22type%22%3A%22blog%22%2C%22rType%22%3A%22article%22%2C%22rId%22%3A%22125032004%22%2C%22source%22%3A%22weixin_45031570%22%7D&ctrtid=tIbHy

一、mysql开启lob_bin

登录mysql

mysql -u root -p加上你的密码
或者
用图形工具打开（前提开放端口）

检查是否开启

show variables like 'log_bin 在linux数据库中检查是否开启 ，没有开启则继续向下浏览，否则进行（二、canal准备）
on就是开启

如果没有开启

1.查看官方文档：

https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/QuickStart

2.修改配置 vim /etc/my.cnf

log-bin=mysql-bin #binlog文件名
binlog_format=ROW #选择row模式
server_id=1 #mysql实例id，不能和canal的slaveId重复

3.重启

systemctl restart mysql.service

4.检查是否开启

show variables like 'log_bin

二、canal准备

下载

wget https://github.com/alibaba/canal/releases/download/canal-1.0.17/canal.deployer-1.0.17.tar.gz

解压

tar -zxvf 文件名

修改配置文件

从 cd conf/example/找到instance.properties

修改ip和端口

canal.instance.master.address=192.168.182.130:3306 地址为linux地址

修改用户和密码

canal.instance.dbUsername=xxxx和 canal.instance.dbPassword=xxxx意思是可以远程连接的用户和密码

修改同步表，看你选择哪个

canal.instance.filter.regex=.*\\..*  #所有表都同步
# table black regex
canal.instance.filter.black.regex=a数据库.b表    #某个表同步（a数据库.b表）

启动canal

打开目录 cd bin/ 启动命令./startup.sh

查看是否启动

ps -ef | grep canal

三、建工程

引入依赖

		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.otter</groupId>
            <artifactId>canal.client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

配置yml

server:
  port: 10001
spring:
  application:
    name: canal-client
  profiles:
    active: dev
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xxxxx?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
    username: xxx
    password: xxx

写组件

固定写法（Java直接复制代码即可）
其中端口号是11111是固定的，ip改成linux中的，密码和账号改成之前**instance.properties**中配置的用户和密码

package com.merchen.client;

import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnector;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnectors;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.CanalEntry.*;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.Message;
import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.DbUtils;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;

@Component
public class CanalClient {

    //sql队列
    private Queue<String> SQL_QUEUE = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();

    @Resource
    private DataSource dataSource;

    /**
     * canal入库方法
     */
    public void run() {

        CanalConnector connector = CanalConnectors.newSingleConnector(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.182.130",
                11111), "example", "", "");
        int batchSize = 1000;
        try {
            connector.connect();
            connector.subscribe(".*\\..*");
            connector.rollback();
            try {
                while (true) {
                    //尝试从master那边拉去数据batchSize条记录，有多少取多少
                    Message message = connector.getWithoutAck(batchSize);
                    long batchId = message.getId();
                    int size = message.getEntries().size();
                    if (batchId == -1 || size == 0) {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } else {
                        dataHandle(message.getEntries());
                    }
                    connector.ack(batchId);

                    //当队列里面堆积的sql大于一定数值的时候就模拟执行
                    if (SQL_QUEUE.size() >= 1) {
                        executeQueueSql();
                    }
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } finally {
            connector.disconnect();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 模拟执行队列里面的sql语句
     */
    public void executeQueueSql() {
        int size = SQL_QUEUE.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            String sql = SQL_QUEUE.poll();
            System.out.println("[sql]----> " + sql);

            this.execute(sql.toString());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 数据处理
     *
     * @param entrys
     */
    private void dataHandle(List<Entry> entrys) throws InvalidProtocolBufferException {
        for (Entry entry : entrys) {
            if (EntryType.ROWDATA == entry.getEntryType()) {
                RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
                EventType eventType = rowChange.getEventType();
                if (eventType == EventType.DELETE) {
                    saveDeleteSql(entry);
                } else if (eventType == EventType.UPDATE) {
                    saveUpdateSql(entry);
                } else if (eventType == EventType.INSERT) {
                    saveInsertSql(entry);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 保存更新语句
     *
     * @param entry
     */
    private void saveUpdateSql(Entry entry) {
        try {
            RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
            List<RowData> rowDatasList = rowChange.getRowDatasList();
            for (RowData rowData : rowDatasList) {
                List<Column> newColumnList = rowData.getAfterColumnsList();
                StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("update " + entry.getHeader().getTableName() + " set ");
                for (int i = 0; i < newColumnList.size(); i++) {
                    sql.append(" " + newColumnList.get(i).getName()
                            + " = '" + newColumnList.get(i).getValue() + "'");
                    if (i != newColumnList.size() - 1) {
                        sql.append(",");
                    }
                }
                sql.append(" where ");
                List<Column> oldColumnList = rowData.getBeforeColumnsList();
                for (Column column : oldColumnList) {
                    if (column.getIsKey()) {
                        //暂时只支持单一主键
                        sql.append(column.getName() + "=" + column.getValue());
                        break;
                    }
                }
                SQL_QUEUE.add(sql.toString());
            }
        } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 保存删除语句
     *
     * @param entry
     */
    private void saveDeleteSql(Entry entry) {
        try {
            RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
            List<RowData> rowDatasList = rowChange.getRowDatasList();
            for (RowData rowData : rowDatasList) {
                List<Column> columnList = rowData.getBeforeColumnsList();
                StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("delete from " + entry.getHeader().getTableName() + " where ");
                for (Column column : columnList) {
                    if (column.getIsKey()) {
                        //暂时只支持单一主键
                        sql.append(column.getName() + "=" + column.getValue());
                        break;
                    }
                }
                SQL_QUEUE.add(sql.toString());
            }
        } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 保存插入语句
     *
     * @param entry
     */
    private void saveInsertSql(Entry entry) {
        try {
            RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
            List<RowData> rowDatasList = rowChange.getRowDatasList();
            for (RowData rowData : rowDatasList) {
                List<Column> columnList = rowData.getAfterColumnsList();
                StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("insert into " + entry.getHeader().getTableName() + " (");
                for (int i = 0; i < columnList.size(); i++) {
                    sql.append(columnList.get(i).getName());
                    if (i != columnList.size() - 1) {
                        sql.append(",");
                    }
                }
                sql.append(") VALUES (");
                for (int i = 0; i < columnList.size(); i++) {
                    sql.append("'" + columnList.get(i).getValue() + "'");
                    if (i != columnList.size() - 1) {
                        sql.append(",");
                    }
                }
                sql.append(")");
                SQL_QUEUE.add(sql.toString());
            }
        } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 入库
     * @param sql
     */
    public void execute(String sql) {
        Connection con = null;
        try {
            if(null == sql) return;
            con = dataSource.getConnection();
            QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner();
            int row = qr.execute(con, sql);
            System.out.println("update: "+ row);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            DbUtils.closeQuietly(con);
        }
    }
}

写启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class CanalMain10001 implements CommandLineRunner {

    @Autowired
    private CanalClient canalClient;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(CanalMain10001.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        //项目启动执行 canal客户监听
        canalClient.run();
    }
}

测试

当对linux中的mysql进行crud，本地端口的mysql就会进行同步操作

四、问题

java代码显示拒绝连接

查看linux中的canal日志

canal.log和example下的example.log日志，查看报错是否有 allowmemary 内存分配错误等字样是就是改虚拟机内存，增加值

启动不报错，更新表报错

可能是数据库版本不匹配
2边的数据库最好版本一样