JavaWeb学习笔记（十二）之监听器

监听对象

request：ServletRequestListener

session：HttpSessionListener

application：ServletContextListener

每个监听器各自都提供了2个方法：监听开始和监听结束

代码示例：

import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequestEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequestListener;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;

public class ContextSessionRequestListener implements ServletRequestListener, HttpSessionListener, ServletContextListener {

    //application（ServletContext对象）
    @Override
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        System.out.println("监听ServletContext，创建ServletContext对象:" + sce);
    }

    @Override
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        System.out.println("监听ServletContext，销毁ServletContext对象:" + sce);
    }

    //监听ServletRequest对象
    @Override
    public void requestDestroyed(ServletRequestEvent sre) {
        System.out.println("监听ServletRequest，创建ServletRequest对象:" + sre);
    }

    @Override
    public void requestInitialized(ServletRequestEvent sre) {
        System.out.println("监听ServletRequest，销毁ServletRequest对象:" + sre);
    }

    //监听HttpSession对象
    @Override
    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) {
        System.out.println("监听HttpSession，创建HttpSession对象:" + se);
    }

    @Override
    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) {
        System.out.println("监听HttpSession，销毁HttpSession对象:" + se);
    }
}

web.xml配置

    <!--监听器配置-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>com.xc.listener.ContextSessionRequestListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

测试截图：

ServletContext在servlet容器启动时自动创建

监听对象中属性的变更：

1. request： ServletRequestAttributeListener
2. session：HttpSessionAttributeListener
3. application：ServletContextAttributeListener

代码示例：

package com.xc.blog.listener;


import javax.servlet.ServletContextAttributeEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextAttributeListener;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequestAttributeEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequestAttributeListener;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionAttributeListener;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionBindingEvent;

public class AttributeListener implements ServletRequestAttributeListener, HttpSessionAttributeListener, ServletContextAttributeListener {


    @Override
    public void attributeAdded(ServletContextAttributeEvent scab) {
        String attrName = scab.getName();
        Object attrValue = scab.getServletContext().getAttribute(attrName);
        System.out.println("ServletContext【增加】属性：属性名" + attrName + ",属性值" + attrValue);
    }

    @Override
    public void attributeRemoved(ServletContextAttributeEvent scab) {
        System.out.println("ServletContext【删除】属性：属性名" + scab.getName());
    }

    @Override
    public void attributeReplaced(ServletContextAttributeEvent scab) {
        /**
         * application.setAttribute("name"."zs");--新增name属性
         * application.setAttribute("name"."ls");--替换name属性
         * */
        String attrName = scab.getName();
        Object attrValue = scab.getServletContext().getAttribute(attrName);
        System.out.println("ServletContext【替换】属性：属性名" + scab.getName()+ ",属性值" + attrValue);
    }

    @Override
    public void attributeAdded(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) {
        String attrName = srae.getName();
        Object attrValue = srae.getServletContext().getAttribute(attrName);
        System.out.println("(ServletRequest【增加】属性：属性名" + attrName + ",属性值" + attrValue);
    }

    @Override
    public void attributeRemoved(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) {
        System.out.println("(ServletRequest【删除】属性：属性名" + srae.getName());
    }

    @Override
    public void attributeReplaced(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) {
        String attrName = srae.getName();
        Object attrValue = srae.getServletContext().getAttribute(attrName);
        System.out.println("(ServletRequest【替换】属性：属性名" + srae.getName()+ ",属性值" + attrValue);
    }

    @Override
    public void attributeAdded(HttpSessionBindingEvent se) {
        String attrName = se.getName();
        Object attrValue = se.getSession().getAttribute(attrName);
        System.out.println("HttpSession【增加】属性：属性名" + attrName + ",属性值" + attrValue);
    }

    @Override
    public void attributeRemoved(HttpSessionBindingEvent se) {
        System.out.println("HttpSession【删除】属性：属性名" +se.getName());
    }

    @Override
    public void attributeReplaced(HttpSessionBindingEvent se) {
        String attrName = se.getName();
        Object attrValue = se.getSession().getAttribute(attrName);
        System.out.println("HttpSession【替换】属性：属性名" +se.getName()+ ",属性值" + attrValue);
    }
}

测试截图：

监听器的开发步骤：

1. 编写监听器，实现接口
2. 配置web.xml
3. 测试使用