关于STM32的USB复合设备CDC+MSC中CDC发送问题的解决方法

关于如何复合CDC+MSC已经有很多文章教程了，但一般都会有个问题，复合出来的虚拟串口只能接收不能发送，或者说只能在接收的时候发送。
为啥什么会出现这样的问题呢，教程中的示例代码是这样的，

static int8_t CDC_Receive_FS(uint8_t* Buf, uint32_t *Len)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  USBD_CDC_SetRxBuffer(&hUsbDeviceFS, &Buf[0]);
  USBD_CDC_ReceivePacket(&hUsbDeviceFS);
    
  CDC_Transmit_FS(Buf, *Len);   /* +++lakun:将收到的数据在发回去 */
  
  usb_rx_len = *Len;
  memcpy(usb_rx_buf, Buf, usb_rx_len);    
    
  return (USBD_OK);
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}

这时候的收发是没问题，因为在接收时触发了USB的中断

我们到usbd_cdc.c看实例化的对象

USBD_ClassTypeDef  USBD_CDC =
{
  USBD_CDC_Init,
  USBD_CDC_DeInit,
  USBD_CDC_Setup,
  NULL,                 /* EP0_TxSent, */
  USBD_CDC_EP0_RxReady,
  USBD_CDC_DataIn,
  USBD_CDC_DataOut,
  NULL,
  NULL,
  NULL,
  USBD_CDC_GetHSCfgDesc,
  USBD_CDC_GetFSCfgDesc,
  USBD_CDC_GetOtherSpeedCfgDesc,
  USBD_CDC_GetDeviceQualifierDescriptor,
};

typedef struct _Device_cb
{
  uint8_t (*Init)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev, uint8_t cfgidx);
  uint8_t (*DeInit)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev, uint8_t cfgidx);
  /* Control Endpoints*/
  uint8_t (*Setup)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev, USBD_SetupReqTypedef  *req);
  uint8_t (*EP0_TxSent)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev);
  uint8_t (*EP0_RxReady)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev);
  /* Class Specific Endpoints*/
  uint8_t (*DataIn)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev, uint8_t epnum);
  uint8_t (*DataOut)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev, uint8_t epnum);
  uint8_t (*SOF)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev);
  uint8_t (*IsoINIncomplete)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev, uint8_t epnum);
  uint8_t (*IsoOUTIncomplete)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev, uint8_t epnum);

  uint8_t  *(*GetHSConfigDescriptor)(uint16_t *length);
  uint8_t  *(*GetFSConfigDescriptor)(uint16_t *length);
  uint8_t  *(*GetOtherSpeedConfigDescriptor)(uint16_t *length);
  uint8_t  *(*GetDeviceQualifierDescriptor)(uint16_t *length);
#if (USBD_SUPPORT_USER_STRING_DESC == 1U)
  uint8_t  *(*GetUsrStrDescriptor)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev, uint8_t index,  uint16_t *length);
#endif

} USBD_ClassTypeDef;

其中有一个函数 uint8_t (*EP0_RxReady)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev)，从字面理解就是接收准备，而uint8_t (*EP0_TxSent)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev)却填了NULL，但单独使用CDC而不是复合CDC+MSC时也能正常收发，说明跟EP0_TxSent无关。
跟踪一下发现EP0_RxReady在USBD_LL_DataOutStage调用了：

USBD_StatusTypeDef USBD_LL_DataOutStage(USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev,
                                        uint8_t epnum, uint8_t *pdata)
{
  USBD_EndpointTypeDef *pep;

  if (epnum == 0U)
  {
    pep = &pdev->ep_out[0];

    if (pdev->ep0_state == USBD_EP0_DATA_OUT)
    {
      if (pep->rem_length > pep->maxpacket)
      {
        pep->rem_length -= pep->maxpacket;

        USBD_CtlContinueRx(pdev, pdata,
                           (uint16_t)MIN(pep->rem_length, pep->maxpacket));
      }
      else
      {
        if ((pdev->pClass->EP0_RxReady != NULL) &&
            (pdev->dev_state == USBD_STATE_CONFIGURED))
        {
          pdev->pClass->EP0_RxReady(pdev);  // 这里调用了
        }
        USBD_CtlSendStatus(pdev);
      }
    }
    else
    {
      if (pdev->ep0_state == USBD_EP0_STATUS_OUT)
      {
        /*
         * STATUS PHASE completed, update ep0_state to idle
         */
        pdev->ep0_state = USBD_EP0_IDLE;
        USBD_LL_StallEP(pdev, 0U);
      }
    }
  }
  else if ((pdev->pClass->DataOut != NULL) &&
           (pdev->dev_state == USBD_STATE_CONFIGURED))
  {
    pdev->pClass->DataOut(pdev, epnum);
  }
  else
  {
    /* should never be in this condition */
    return USBD_FAIL;
  }

  return USBD_OK;
}

接着再看看USBD_LL_DataOutStage的调用

void HAL_PCD_DataOutStageCallback(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd, uint8_t epnum)
#endif /* USE_HAL_PCD_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
{
  USBD_LL_DataOutStage((USBD_HandleTypeDef*)hpcd->pData, epnum, hpcd->OUT_ep[epnum].xfer_buff);
}

已经发现Callback了，继续跟踪会发现在
static HAL_StatusTypeDef PCD_EP_ISR_Handler(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)调用了HAL_PCD_DataOutStageCallback，继续往上

void HAL_PCD_IRQHandler(PCD_HandleTypeDef *hpcd)
{
  uint16_t store_ep[8];
  uint8_t i;

  if (__HAL_PCD_GET_FLAG(hpcd, USB_ISTR_CTR))
  {
    /* servicing of the endpoint correct transfer interrupt */
    /* clear of the CTR flag into the sub */
    (void)PCD_EP_ISR_Handler(hpcd);
  }

void USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_PCD_IRQHandler(&hpcd_USB_FS);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles USB low priority or CAN RX0 interrupts.
  */
void USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_PCD_IRQHandler(&hpcd_USB_FS);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn 1 */
}

所以可以确定uint8_t (*EP0_RxReady)(struct _USBD_HandleTypeDef *pdev)就是产生收发中断时会调用的函数，既然硬件触发中断有问题，那我们就手动触发。

传进HAL_PCD_DataOutStageCallback的hpcd（即全局变量hpcd_USB_FS）是PCD_HandleTypeDef类型，然后在USBD_LL_DataOutStage((USBD_HandleTypeDef*)hpcd->pData, epnum, hpcd->OUT_ep[epnum].xfer_buff)做了强转(USBD_HandleTypeDef*)hpcd->pData，然后调用pdev->pClass->EP0_RxReady(pdev)。
那我们就在使用发送函数前调用一次
((USBD_HandleTypeDef*)(hpcd_USB_FS.pData))->pClass->EP0_RxReady(((USBD_HandleTypeDef*)(hpcd_USB_FS.pData)))
如：

((USBD_HandleTypeDef*)(hpcd_USB_FS.pData))->pClass->EP0_RxReady(((USBD_HandleTypeDef*)(hpcd_USB_FS.pData)));
CDC_Transmit_FS(buf, len);

问题解决。