打造新Web体验：如何在Vue 2项目中实现可拖动定位的悬浮按钮（代码版）

饼干饿死了

于 2024-08-20 16:45:53 发布

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分类专栏：该看不看技术手册前端文章标签：前端 vue.js javascript

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45408984/article/details/141362504

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实现屏幕右侧可拖动的悬浮按钮

在现代的前端开发中，悬浮按钮广泛应用于各种场景。本文将介绍如何在 Vue 2 项目中实现一个固定在屏幕右侧、可垂直拖动的悬浮按钮。按钮拖动后会自动固定在屏幕的右侧，避免按钮超出屏幕范围，并配合抽屉组件实现快捷菜单功能。

功能需求

固定在屏幕右侧：按钮始终固定在屏幕的右侧，用户无法水平拖动按钮。
垂直拖动：用户可以自由拖动按钮在垂直方向上移动，并限制在屏幕上下边界内。
贴边显示：拖动结束后，按钮始终保持贴边显示。
抽屉菜单：点击按钮可打开抽屉，展示快捷菜单功能。

实现步骤

1. 创建悬浮按钮组件

首先，创建一个 Vue 组件用于实现悬浮按钮和抽屉功能。我们使用 element-ui 组件库来实现按钮和抽屉，并添加拖动和贴边逻辑。

<template>
  <div v-if="shouldShowButton">
    <!-- 小箭头按钮，控制悬浮按钮的显示和隐藏 -->
    <div
      v-if="!floatingButtonVisible"
      class="arrow-button"
      @click="toggleFloatingButton"
    >
      →
    </div>

    <!-- 悬浮按钮 -->
    <transition name="slide-fade">
      <el-button
        v-if="floatingButtonVisible"
        class="floating-button"
        type="primary"
        circle
        @mousedown="startDrag"
        @click="toggleDrawer"
        :style="{ top: `${buttonPosition.y}px`, right: `20px`, transition: isDragging ? 'none' : 'top 0.3s ease, right 0.3s ease' }"
      >
        {{ todoCount }}
      </el-button>
    </transition>

    <!-- 抽屉 -->
    <el-drawer
      v-model="drawerVisible"
      direction="rtl"
      size="50%"
      title="快捷菜单"
      @close="toggleDrawer"
    >
      <!-- 抽屉内容 -->
      <el-tabs type="border-card" style="min-height: 500px">
        <el-tab-pane label="我的待办" style="height:500px;overflow: auto;">
          <!-- 演示表格 -->
          <el-table
            :cell-style="{'text-align':'center'}"
            :data="demoData"
            :header-cell-style="{'text-align':'center'}"
            border
            table-layout="auto"
            class="table-style"
            highlight-current-row
          >
            <el-table-column label="示例列1" prop="column1"></el-table-column>
            <el-table-column label="示例列2" prop="column2"></el-table-column>
          </el-table>
        </el-tab-pane>
        <el-tab-pane label="已办" style="height:700px;overflow: auto;">
          <!-- 演示表格 -->
          <el-table
            :cell-style="{'text-align':'center'}"
            :data="demoData"
            :header-cell-style="{'text-align':'center'}"
            border
            table-layout="auto"
            highlight-current-row
            class="table-style"
          >
            <el-table-column label="示例列1" prop="column1"></el-table-column>
            <el-table-column label="示例列2" prop="column2"></el-table-column>
          </el-table>
        </el-tab-pane>
      </el-tabs>
    </el-drawer>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      drawerVisible: false,
      floatingButtonVisible: true,
      todoCount: 5, // 代办事项数量
      isDragging: false,
      buttonPosition: { y: window.innerHeight - 70 }, // 初始位置：右下角
      startY: 0,
      demoData: [
        { column1: "示例数据1", column2: "示例数据2" },
        { column1: "示例数据3", column2: "示例数据4" },
      ], // 演示数据
    };
  },
  computed: {
    shouldShowButton() {
      return !this.$route.path.includes("/login");
    },
  },
  mounted() {
    // 监听窗口大小变化
    window.addEventListener("resize", this.updateButtonPosition);
  },
  beforeDestroy() {
    // 在组件销毁时移除监听器
    window.removeEventListener("resize", this.updateButtonPosition);
  },
  methods: {
    toggleDrawer() {
      this.drawerVisible = !this.drawerVisible;
    },
    toggleFloatingButton() {
      this.floatingButtonVisible = !this.floatingButtonVisible;
    },
    startDrag(event) {
      this.isDragging = true;
      this.startY = event.clientY - this.buttonPosition.y;
      document.addEventListener("mousemove", this.onDrag);
      document.addEventListener("mouseup", this.stopDrag);
    },
    onDrag(event) {
      if (this.isDragging) {
        // 只允许垂直移动，限制范围在屏幕内
        let newY = event.clientY - this.startY;
        newY = Math.max(0, Math.min(newY, window.innerHeight - 50));
        this.buttonPosition.y = newY;
      }
    },
    stopDrag() {
      this.isDragging = false;
      document.removeEventListener("mousemove", this.onDrag);
      document.removeEventListener("mouseup", this.stopDrag);
    },
    updateButtonPosition() {
      // 当窗口调整大小时更新按钮位置，确保按钮不超出屏幕
      this.buttonPosition.y = Math.min(this.buttonPosition.y, window.innerHeight - 50);
    },
  },
};
</script>

<style scoped>
.floating-button {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 1000;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  transition: top 0.3s ease, right 0.3s ease;
  cursor: pointer;
  right: 20px; /* 固定在右侧 */
}

.arrow-button {
  position: fixed;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 20px;
  z-index: 1000;
  width: 20px;
  height: 50px;
  background-color: #409eff;
  color: white;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.slide-fade-enter-active,
.slide-fade-leave-active {
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.slide-fade-enter,
.slide-fade-leave-to {
  transform: translateX(100%);
  opacity: 0;
}
</style>