ASP.NET Web API实现简单的文件下载与上传

ASP.NET Web API实现简单的文件下载与上传。首先创建一个ASP.NET Web API项目，然后在项目下创建FileRoot目录并在该目录下创建ReportTemplate.xlsx文件，用于下面示例的使用。

1、文件下载

示例：实现报表模板文件下载功能。

1.1 后端代码

/// <summary>
/// 下载文件
/// </summary>
[HttpGet]
public HttpResponseMessage DownloadFile()
{
    string fileName = "报表模板.xlsx";
    string filePath = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/") + "FileRoot\\" + "ReportTemplate.xlsx";
    FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open);
    HttpResponseMessage response = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK);
    response.Content = new StreamContent(stream);
    response.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/octet-stream");
    response.Content.Headers.ContentDisposition = new ContentDispositionHeaderValue("attachment")
    {
        FileName = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(fileName)
    };
    response.Headers.Add("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", "FileName");
    response.Headers.Add("FileName", HttpUtility.UrlEncode(fileName));
    return response;
}

1.2 前端代码

<a href="http://localhost:51170/api/File/DownloadFile">下载模板</a>

2、文件上传

示例：实现上传报表文件功能。

2.1 后端代码

/// <summary>
/// 上传文件
/// </summary>
[HttpPost]
public HttpResponseMessage UploadFile()
{
    try
    {
        //获取参数信息
        HttpContextBase context = (HttpContextBase)Request.Properties["MS_HttpContext"];
        HttpRequestBase request = context.Request;      //定义传统request对象
        string monthly = request.Form["Monthly"];       //获取请求参数：月度
        string reportName = request.Form["ReportName"]; //获取请求参数：报表名称
 
        //保存文件
        string fileName = String.Format("{0}_{1}.xlsx", monthly, reportName);
        string filePath = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/") + "FileRoot\\" + fileName;
        request.Files[0].SaveAs(filePath);
 
        //返回结果
        var result = new HttpResponseMessage
        {
            Content = new StringContent("上传成功", Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8"), "application/json")
        };
 
        return result;
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        throw ex;
    };
}

2.2 前端代码

<form action='http://localhost:51170/api/File/UploadFile' method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    报表月份：<input type="text" name="Monthly" value="2018-11" /><br />
    报表名称：<input type="text" name="ReportName" value="财务报表" /><br />
    报表文件：<input type="file" name="file" /><br />
    <input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>

参考文章：http://blog.ncmem.com/wordpress/2023/12/07/asp-net-web-api%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e7%ae%80%e5%8d%95%e7%9a%84%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e4%b8%8b%e8%bd%bd%e4%b8%8e%e4%b8%8a%e4%bc%a0/
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