学习python的第七天

• 基于类实现多线程

import threading
import win32api

class Mythread(threading.Thread):  
 # 继承threading.Thread类
    def run(self):  # 重写threading.Thread类中的run函数
        win32api.MessageBox(0,"hello",'joker',0)
for i in range(5):  # 同时创建5个线程
    t = Mythread()  # 初始化
    t.start()  # 开启
    
while True:
    pass

• 线程冲突

import _thread

num = 0
def add():
    for _ in range(1000000):
        global num
        num += 1
    print(num)
'''
for j in range(5):
    add()
'''
for i in range(5):
    _thread.start_new_thread(add,())
# 这里就是线程冲突，5个线程同时抢夺num的资源，导致最后结果错误
'''
1144840
1488805
1671079
1700819
1920182
'''
while True:  # 防止主线程不死
    pass

• 创建多线程

import threading
import win32api


class Mythread(threading.Thread):  # 继承threading.Thread类
    def run(self):  # 定义函数
        win32api.MessageBox(0, "hello", 'joker', 0)

Mythd = []
for i in range(5):
    t = Mythread()  # 初始化
    print(i)
    t.start()  # 开启
    Mythd.append(t) # 将乱序线程（同时抢夺run这个函数）加入列表

for j in Mythd:
    # 这里与顺序不同，上面显示所有的线程都加入Mthd列表（所以一次性跳出5个窗口，但是主线程还没死，因为有join卡住）。
    # j是线程
    j.join() # 这里主线程同时等待所有线程都执行完毕，才执行“game over”
print("game over")

'''

'''
第二种是基于类继承创建多线程
import threading
import win32api

class Mythread(threading.Thread):   # 继承threading.Thread类
    def run(self):  # 重写threading.Thread类中的run函数
        win32api.MessageBox(0,"hello",'joker',0)

for i in range(5):  # 同时创建5个线程
    t = Mythread()  # 初始化
    t.start()  # 开启

while True:
    pass
'''
'''

def show(i):

    win32api.MessageBox(0,"这是一个测试",0)

threading.Thread(target=show,args=(i,)).start()  # 切记这里的args是一个元组
threading.Thread(target=show,args=(i,)).start()
'''

# 基于函数构造实现多线程
import threading
import win32api


def show():
    win32api.MessageBox(0, "这是一个测试", 0)


# target=show是线程函数，args=()是参数
threading.Thread(target=show, args=()).start()
threading.Thread(target=show, args=()).start()

• 死锁

import threading
import time

boymutex = threading.Lock()  # 创建一个锁
girlmutex = threading.Lock()  # 创建一个锁


class boy(threading.Thread):
    def run(self):
        if boymutex.acquire(1):  # 锁定成功就继续执行，锁定不成功，就一直等待
            print(self.name + "boy  say i  am sorry   up")
            # time.sleep(3)  # 时间过短的话也可以并发执行，不会锁死

            if girlmutex.acquire(1):  # 锁定不成功，因为下面已经锁定
                print(self.name + "boy  say i  am sorry   down")
                girlmutex.release()
            boymutex.release()

class girl(threading.Thread):
    def run(self):
        if girlmutex.acquire(1):  # 锁定成功就继续执行，锁定不成功，就一直等待
            print(self.name + "girl say i  am sorry  up")
            # time.sleep(3)

            if boymutex.acquire(1):  # 锁定不成功，同理上面已经锁定一直等待
                print(self.name + "girl say i  am sorry  down")
                boymutex.release()
            girlmutex.release()


 开启两个线程
 boy1 = boy()   # Thread-1boy 第一个线程
 boy1.start()
 girl1 = girl()
 girl1.start()
'''
这种例子时间过短是无法很好的产生死锁
for i in range(10):
    Mythread1().start()
    Mythread2().start()

'''
for i in range(1000):
    boy().start()
    girl().start()

• 爬猫眼电影

import requests
import threading
import re

class maoyan_top500(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, start_, end_,lock):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.headers = {
            'User-Agent':
            'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.100 Safari/537.36'
        }
        self.base_url = 'https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset=%d'
        self.start_ = start_
        self.end_ = end_
        self.lock = lock

    def run(self):
        for offset in range(self.start_, self.end_, 10):
            url = self.base_url % offset
            response = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers)
            html = response.text
            info_list = self.get_Information(html)
            with self.lock:
                self.write(info_list)
            print('offset {} OK !'.format(offset))

    def get_Information(self, html):
        information_list = []
        for line in html.split('\n'):
            if 'class="image-link"' in line:
                movie_name = line.split('title="')[1].split('"')[0]
                information_list.append(movie_name)
            if 'class="integer"' in line:
                res = re.search(
                    '<p class="score"><i class="integer">(\d\.)</i><i class="fraction">(\d)</i></p>',
                    line)
                integer = res.group(1)
                fraction = res.group(2)
                score = integer + fraction
                information_list.append(score)

        return information_list
    
    def write(self,info_list):
        str_ = str(info_list) + '\n'
        with open('res.txt',mode='a',encoding='utf8') as file:
            file.write(str_)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    threads = []
    lock = threading.Lock()
    for i in range(2):
        t = maoyan_top500(start_=i * 50, end_=(i + 1) * 50,lock=lock)
        t.start()
        threads.append(t)
    for t in threads:
        t.join()

    print('Over')