本文档通过看书总结，并个人测试后总结而得，有任何冒犯，请提出改正。
一、主从搭建
##前期准备
系统：CentOS 6.8
数据库：MySQL 8.0.23
关闭iptables和selinux、配置/etc/hosts文件
节点信息：
172.16.117.13 MySQL-1
172.16.117.14 MySQL-2
172.16.117.15 vip
1.1、准备参数文件
##MySQL-1配置/etc/my.cnf
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
######主从参数配置#########
[mysqld]
server-id=200 ##每个节点的server-id设置不同
max_allowed_packet = 16M
basedir=/usr
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =1 ##设置为1立即写入日志文件并刷新，安全。设置为2性能好
innodb_buffer_pool_size=512M
log-bin = mysql-bin
log_slave_updates= ON
sync_binlog=1
binlog_format = row
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay_log_recovery=1
##MySQL-2配置/etc/my.cnf
[root@MySQL-2 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/my.cnf
######主从参数配置#########
[mysqld]
server-id=201 ##每个节点的server-id设置不同
max_allowed_packet = 16M
basedir=/usr
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =1 ##设置为1立即写入日志文件并刷新，安全。设置为2性能好
innodb_buffer_pool_size=512M
log-bin = mysql-bin
log_slave_updates= ON
sync_binlog=1
binlog_format = row
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay_log_recovery=1
1.2、启动数据库
##MySQL-1启动数据库
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# mysql -uroot -proot@123
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.23 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
##MySQL-2启动数据库
[root@MySQL-2 ~]# mysql -uroot -proot@123
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.23 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
注意⚠️：实验为测试环境，并没有进行参数文件优化，见谅。
1.3、创建复制账号
##MySQL-1创建复制账号
mysql> create user rep@'172.16.117.14' identified with mysql_native_password by 'rep@123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'172.16.117.14';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
##MySQL-2创建复制账号
mysql> create user rep@'172.16.117.13' identified with mysql_native_password by 'rep@123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'172.16.117.13';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
1.4、配置同步
#MySQL-2上配置同步
mysql> change master to master_host='172.16.117.13',master_user='rep',master_password='rep@123',master_port=3306,master_auto_position=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 8 warnings (0.02 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.04 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.16.117.13
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 4229
Relay_Log_File: MySQL-2-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 1110
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 4229
Relay_Log_Space: 1321
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 200
Master_UUID: 5b3c474a-77b4-11eb-b0de-001c4210266b
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 5b3c474a-77b4-11eb-b0de-001c4210266b:11-13
Executed_Gtid_Set: 58914456-77b4-11eb-a10f-001c424c1a1f:1-8,
5b3c474a-77b4-11eb-b0de-001c4210266b:1-13
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
Master_public_key_path:
Get_master_public_key: 0
Network_Namespace:
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
##MySQL-1上配置同步
mysql> change master to master_host='172.16.117.14' ,master_user='rep',master_password='rep@123',master_port=3306,master_auto_position=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 8 warnings (0.02 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.16.117.14
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 4977
Relay_Log_File: MySQL-1-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 1157
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 4977
Relay_Log_Space: 1368
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 201
Master_UUID: 58914456-77b4-11eb-a10f-001c424c1a1f
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 58914456-77b4-11eb-a10f-001c424c1a1f:6-8
Executed_Gtid_Set: 58914456-77b4-11eb-a10f-001c424c1a1f:1-8,
5b3c474a-77b4-11eb-b0de-001c4210266b:1-13
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
Master_public_key_path:
Get_master_public_key: 0
Network_Namespace:
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
1.5、测试同步
##MySQL-1上创建测试库和测试表，MySQL-2上查看
##MySQL-2上创建测试库和测试表，MySQL-1上查看
MySQL-1创建
mysql> show variables like '%hostname%';
+---------------+---------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+---------+
| hostname | MySQL-1 |
+---------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> create database ccola;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use ccola;
Database changed
mysql> create table ccola (id int primary key,name varchar(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> insert into ccola values (1,'ccola');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MySQL-2查看并创建
mysql> show variables like '%hostname%';
+---------------+---------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+---------+
| hostname | MySQL-2 |
+---------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| ccola |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use ccola;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> insert into ccola values (2,'feifei');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MySQL-1查看
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| ccola |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from ccola;
+----+--------+
| id | name |
+----+--------+
| 1 | ccola |
| 2 | feifei |
+----+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
至此，双主同步搭建成功
二、配置Keepalived实现高可用
2.1、安装Keepalived软件包
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# yum install -y keepalived
[root@MySQL-2 ~]# yum install -y keepalived
2.2、准备mysql.sh脚本
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
pkill keepalived
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# chmod +x !$
[root@MySQL-2 ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
pkill keepalived
[root@MySQL-2 ~]# chmod +x !$
2.3、准备Keepalived配置文件
##MySQL-1配置Keepalived
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP ##两台都设置成BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51 ##主备相同
priority 100 ##优先级，172.16.117.13优先级高，172.16.117.14这台设置成90
advert_int 5
nopreempt
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.117.15/24 ##VIP
}
}
virtual_server 172.16.117.15 3306 {
delay_loop 2
persistence_timeout 50 ##同一个IP的连接50秒内被分配到同一台真实服务器
protocol TCP
real_server 172.16.117.13 3306 { ##检测本地MySQL，备机也要写检测本地MySQL
weight 3
notify_down /etc/keepalived/mysql.sh ##当MySQL服务down时，执行此脚本，杀死keepalived实现切换
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3 ##连接超时
nb_get_retry 3 ##重试次数
delay_before_retry 3 ##重试间隔时间
}
}
##MySQL-2配置Keepalived
[root@MySQL-2 ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP ##两台都设置成BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51 ##主备相同
priority 90 ##优先级，172.16.117.13优先级高，172.16.117.14这台设置成90
advert_int 5
nopreempt
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.117.15/24 ##VIP
}
}
virtual_server 172.16.117.15 3306 {
delay_loop 2
persistence_timeout 50 ##同一个IP的连接50秒内被分配到同一台真实服务器
protocol TCP
real_server 172.16.117.14 3306 { ##检测本地MySQL，备机也要写检测本地MySQL
weight 3
notify_down /etc/keepalived/mysql.sh ##当MySQL服务down时，执行此脚本，杀死keepalived实现切换
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3 ##连接超时
nb_get_retry 3 ##重试次数
delay_before_retry 3 ##重试间隔时间
}
}
2.4、启动两个节点的Keepalived进程
##MySQL-1启动Keepalived
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# ps -ef | grep keepalived | grep -v grep
root 9041 1 0 07:30 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 9042 9041 0 07:30 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 9043 9041 0 07:30 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
##MySQL-2启动Keepalived进程
[root@MySQL-2 ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
[root@MySQL-2 ~]# ps -ef | grep keepalived | grep -v grep
root 8829 1 0 07:30 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 8830 8829 0 07:30 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 8831 8829 0 07:30 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
2.5、查看Keepalived状态以及VIP绑定情况
##MySQL-1查看启动日志
MySQL-1的优先级高，keepalived的状态为MASTER，并且发布的广播协议。172.16.117.15（VIP）已经在本台机器上，其他机器不能再使用了
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# tail -50 /var/log/messages
..
..
Feb 26 07:31:02 MySQL-1 Keepalived_vrrp[9043]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Feb 26 07:31:07 MySQL-1 Keepalived_vrrp[9043]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Feb 26 07:31:07 MySQL-1 Keepalived_vrrp[9043]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Feb 26 07:31:07 MySQL-1 Keepalived_vrrp[9043]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.117.15
Feb 26 07:31:07 MySQL-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9042]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.117.15 added
Feb 26 07:31:12 MySQL-1 Keepalived_vrrp[9043]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.117.15
##MySQL-1上查看IP，查看VIP绑定情况
##VIP在MySQL-1上
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:1c:42:10:26:6b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.117.13/24 brd 172.16.117.255 scope global eth0
inet 172.16.117.15/32 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fe10:266b/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
##MySQL-2查看启动日志
MySQL-2Keepalived的状态是backup
[root@MySQL-2 ~]# tail -50 /var/log/messages
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_vrrp[8831]: Configuration is using : 60758 Bytes
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_vrrp[8831]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_vrrp[8831]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_vrrp[8831]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), unicast(0), fd(10,11)]
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[8830]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.117.14 added
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[8830]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::21c:42ff:fe4c:1a1f added
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[8830]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[8830]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[8830]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[8830]: Configuration is using : 9502 Bytes
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 kernel: IPVS: Registered protocols (TCP, UDP, SCTP, AH, ESP)
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 kernel: IPVS: Connection hash table configured (size=4096, memory=64Kbytes)
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 kernel: IPVS: ipvs loaded.
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[8830]: IPVS: Scheduler or persistence engine not found
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[8830]: IPVS: Service not defined
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[8830]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[8830]: Activating healthchecker for service [172.16.117.14]:3306
Feb 26 07:30:51 MySQL-2 kernel: IPVS: Scheduler module ip_vs_ not found
##MySQL-2查看IP，查看VIP绑定情况
MySQL-2没有VIP
[root@MySQL-2 ~]# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:1c:42:4c:1a:1f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.117.14/24 brd 172.16.117.255 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fe4c:1a1f/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2.6、测试使用VIP连接MySQL-1
##在MySQL-1上创建远程连接账号并授予相应权限
mysql> show variables like 'hostname';
+---------------+---------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+---------+
| hostname | MySQL-1 |
+---------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> create user root@'%' identified by 'root@123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
##在MySQL-2上使用vip连接MySQL-1,正常连接
[root@MySQL-2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'root@123' -h 172.16.117.15
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 934
Server version: 8.0.23 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> \s;
--------------
mysql Ver 8.0.23 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 934
Current database:
Current user: root@MySQL-2
SSL: Cipher in use is ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.0.23 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: 172.16.117.15 via TCP/IP
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
TCP port: 3306
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 2 hours 5 min 2 sec
**Threads: 6 Questions: 133 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 256 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 175 Queries per second avg: 0.017
--------------**
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql>
2.7、模拟MySQL-1宕机时的故障切换
##MySQL-1关闭MySQL服务
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
##MySQL-1查看/var/log/messages日志输出
这时候会发现，Keepalived服务呗stop，并且移除了VIP
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# tail -50 /var/log/messages
Feb 26 08:05:32 MySQL-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9104]: Lost quorum 1-0=1 > 0 for VS [172.16.117.15]:3306
Feb 26 08:05:32 MySQL-1 Keepalived[9103]: Stopping Keepalived v1.2.13 (03/19,2015)
Feb 26 08:05:32 MySQL-1 Keepalived_vrrp[9105]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) sending 0 priority
Feb 26 08:05:32 MySQL-1 Keepalived_vrrp[9105]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
Feb 26 08:05:32 MySQL-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9104]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.117.15 removed
Feb 26 08:05:32 MySQL-1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9104]: IPVS: No such service
##MySQL-2上查看/var/log/messages日志输出
此时发现MySQL-2伤的Keepalived状态变成了MASTER
[root@MySQL-2 ~]# tail -30 /var/log/messages
Feb 26 08:05:33 MySQL-2 Keepalived_vrrp[8919]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Feb 26 08:05:38 MySQL-2 Keepalived_vrrp[8919]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Feb 26 08:05:38 MySQL-2 Keepalived_vrrp[8919]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Feb 26 08:05:38 MySQL-2 Keepalived_vrrp[8919]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.117.15
Feb 26 08:05:38 MySQL-2 Keepalived_healthcheckers[8918]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.117.15 added
Feb 26 08:05:43 MySQL-2 Keepalived_vrrp[8919]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.117.15
##MySQL-2查看IP，查看VIP绑定情况
此处发现VIP已经转移到MySQL-2上面
[root@MySQL-2 ~]# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:1c:42:4c:1a:1f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.117.14/24 brd 172.16.117.255 scope global eth0
inet 172.16.117.15/24 scope global secondary eth0
inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fe4c:1a1f/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
##此过程不影响客户端连接状态，客户端可以重连，继续使用VIP连接。
Master to Master + Keepalived架构比较简单，主节点出现故障后，利用Keepalived的高可用机制可以快速的切换到另一个节点，原来的Backup Master变成了主节点。Keepalived架构在设置两个节点状态的时候都要设置成Backup而且是noprermpt（非抢占）模式，通过优先级的高低来决定谁是主库，避免发生冲突现象。另外，在服务器异常判断时，可以修改判断脚本，通过对第三方节点补充检测来决定是否进行切换，这样可以降低“脑裂”的风险。Backup Master的配置要尽量和Master保持一致，不可以降低太多性能标准
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