RabbitMQ 基础

cs x

已于 2022-08-12 15:24:29 修改

阅读量328

点赞数

分类专栏： MQ 文章标签： java spring 开发语言

于 2022-08-11 20:25:06 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45729272/article/details/126292451

版权

MQ 专栏收录该内容

3 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

Hello World

Work queues

Publish/Subscribe

Routing

Topics

RPC

Spring整合RabbitMQ

rabbitmq.properties

rabbitmq.host=192.168.xxx.xxx
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=heima
rabbitmq.password=heima
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/itcast

producer

rabbitmq_producer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
    <!--加载配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>

    <!-- 定义rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}"
                               port="${rabbitmq.port}"
                               username="${rabbitmq.username}"
                               password="${rabbitmq.password}"
                               virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
    <!--定义管理交换机、队列-->
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>

    <!--定义持久化队列，不存在则自动创建；不绑定到交换机则绑定到默认交换机
    默认交换机类型为direct，名字为：""，路由键为队列的名称
    -->
    <!--
        id：bean的名称
        name：queue的名称
        auto-declare:自动创建
        auto-delete:自动删除。 最后一个消费者和该队列断开连接后，自动删除队列
        exclusive:是否独占
        durable：是否持久化
    -->

    <rabbit:queue id="spring_queue" name="spring_queue"    auto-declare="true"/>

    <!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~广播；所有队列都能收到消息~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_1" name="spring_fanout_queue_1" auto-declare="true"/>

    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_2" name="spring_fanout_queue_2" auto-declare="true"/>

    <!-- 定义广播类型交换机；并绑定上述两个队列-->
    <rabbit:fanout-exchange id="spring_fanout_exchange" name="spring_fanout_exchange"  auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding  queue="spring_fanout_queue_1"  />
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:fanout-exchange>

    <!--<rabbit:direct-exchange name="aa" >
        <rabbit:bindings>
            &lt;!&ndash;direct 类型的交换机绑定队列  key ：路由key  queue：队列名称&ndash;&gt;
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_queue" key="xxx"></rabbit:binding>
        </rabbit:bindings>

    </rabbit:direct-exchange>-->


    <!-- ~~~~~~~~Topic~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~通配符；*匹配一个单词，#匹配多个单词 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_star" name="spring_topic_queue_star"  auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well" name="spring_topic_queue_well" auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well2" name="spring_topic_queue_well2" auto-declare="true"/>

    <rabbit:topic-exchange id="spring_topic_exchange"  name="spring_topic_exchange" auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="heima.*"  queue="spring_topic_queue_star"/>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="heima.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well"/>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="itcast.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:topic-exchange>

    <!--定义rabbitTemplate对象操作可以在代码中方便发送消息-->
    <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
</beans>

test

package com.itheima;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml")
public class ProducerTest {

    //1.注入 RabbitTemplate
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;


    @Test
    public void testHelloWorld(){
        //2.发送消息

        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_queue","hello world spring....");
    }


    /**
     * 发送fanout消息
     */
    @Test
    public void testFanout(){
        //2.发送消息

        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_fanout_exchange","","spring fanout....");
    }


    /**
     * 发送topic消息
     */
    @Test
    public void testTopics(){
        //2.发送消息

        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange","heima.hehe.haha","spring topic....");
    }
}

Consumer

rabbitmq_consumer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
    <!--加载配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>

    <!-- 定义rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}"
                               port="${rabbitmq.port}"
                               username="${rabbitmq.username}"
                               password="${rabbitmq.password}"
                               virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>

    <bean id="springQueueListener" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.SpringQueueListener"/>
    <!--<bean id="fanoutListener1" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.FanoutListener1"/>
    <bean id="fanoutListener2" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.FanoutListener2"/>
    <bean id="topicListenerStar" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerStar"/>
    <bean id="topicListenerWell" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerWell"/>
    <bean id="topicListenerWell2" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerWell2"/>
-->
    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:listener ref="springQueueListener" queue-names="spring_queue"/>
       <!-- <rabbit:listener ref="fanoutListener1" queue-names="spring_fanout_queue_1"/>
        <rabbit:listener ref="fanoutListener2" queue-names="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
        <rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerStar" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_star"/>
        <rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerWell" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_well"/>
        <rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerWell2" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>-->
    </rabbit:listener-container>
</beans>

QueueListener

public class SpringQueueListener implements MessageListener {
    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        //打印消息
        System.out.println(new String(message.getBody()));
    }
}

SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ

application.yml

# 配置RabbitMQ的基本信息  ip 端口 username  password..
spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.xxx.xxx # ip
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest
    virtual-host: /

RabbitMQConfig

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {

    public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "boot_topic_exchange";
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "boot_queue";

    //1.交换机
    @Bean("bootExchange")
    public Exchange bootExchange(){
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build();
    }


    //2.Queue 队列
    @Bean("bootQueue")
    public Queue bootQueue(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build();
    }

    //3. 队列和交互机绑定关系 Binding
    /*
        1. 知道哪个队列
        2. 知道哪个交换机
        3. routing key
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding bindQueueExchange(@Qualifier("bootQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("bootExchange") Exchange exchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("boot.#").noargs();
    }
}

Test

@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class ProducerTest {

    //1.注入RabbitTemplate
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testSend(){

        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.EXCHANGE_NAME,"boot.haha","boot mq hello~~~");
    }
}