3.基于maven构建SSM工程案例
3.1 需求描述
本案例基于maven构建 SSM(Spring+SpringMVC+Mybatis)工程,通过maven坐标进行依赖管理。最终实现根据 id 查询商品信息的功能。
3.2 构建maven工程
1.数据库环境搭建
①创建数据库ssmtest
②创建商品表item
CREATE TABLE `item` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`name` varchar(255) default NULL,
`price` float default NULL,
`createtime` datetime default NULL,
`detail` varchar(255) default NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
2.maven项目构建
①创建maven web项目
②配置pom.xml文件
③实现spring+mybatis整合
创建POJO类
public class Item {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Float price;
private Date createtime;
private String detail;
//省略setter、getter
}
持久层DAO接口编写
public interface ItemMapper {
public Item findById(int id);
}
Mapper映射文件编写
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.ssm.dao.ItemMapper">
<select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultType="item">
select * from item where id=#{id}</select>
</mapper>
业务层Service编写
package com.itheima.ssm.service;
import com.itheima.ssm.pojo.Item;
public interface ItemService {
public Items findById(int id);
}
@Service
@Transactional
public class ItemServiceImpl implements ItemService {
@Autowired
private ItemMapper itemMapper;
public Item findById(int id) {
return itemMapper.findById(id);
}
}
spring配置文件applicationContext-dao.xml编写
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/bean http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<!-- 驱动 -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<!-- url -->
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmtest"/>
<!-- 用户名 -->
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<!-- 密码 -->
<property name="password" value="root"/></bean>
<!-- mapper配置 --> <!-- 让spring管理sqlsessionfactory 使用mybatis和spring整合包中的 --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--为指定包下的所有实体类创建别名-->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.itheima.ssm.pojo"/></bean>
<!-- mapper扫描器 :用来产生代理对象-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.itheima.ssm.dao"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
spring配置文件applicationContext-service.xml编写
④加入springmvc相关配置
表现层Controller编写
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/item")
public class ItemController {
@Autowired
private ItemService itemService;
@RequestMapping("/showItem/{id}")
public String showItem(@PathVariable("id") int id, Model model){
Item item = itemService.findById(id);
model.addAttribute("item",item);
return "item";
}
}
springmvc.xml文件编写
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.ssm.controller"/>
<!-- 配置视图解析器的前缀和后缀 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix“ value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
jsp页面编写
配置web.xml文件
4.分模块构建maven工程
4.1 分模块构建maven工程分析
在现实生活中,汽车厂家进行汽车生产时,由于整个生产过程非常复杂和繁琐,工作量非常大,所以车场都会将整个汽车的部件分开生产,最终再将生产好的部件进行组装,形成一台完整的汽车。
4.2 maven工程的继承
在Java语言中,类之间是可以继承的,通过继承,子类就可以引用父类中非private的属性和方法。同样,在maven工程之间也可以继承,子工程继承父工程后,就可以使用在父工程中引入的依赖。继承的目的是为了消除重复代码。
4.3 maven工程的聚合
在maven工程的pom.xml文件中可以使用标签将其他maven工程聚合到一起,聚合的目的是为了进行统一操作。
例如拆分后的maven工程有多个,如果要进行打包,就需要针对每个工程分别执行打包命令,操作起来非常繁琐。这时就可以使用标签将这些工程统一聚合到maven工程中,需要打包的时候,只需要在此工程中执行一次打包命令,其下被聚合的工程就都会被打包了。
4.4 分模块构建maven工程具体实现
①父工程maven_parent构建
<properties>
<spring.version>5.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
<springmvc.version>5.0.5.RELEASE</springmvc.version>
<mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
</properties>
<!--锁定jar版本-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- Mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- springMVC -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${springmvc.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
②子工程maven_pojo构建
pom.xml
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
③3.1子工程maven_dao构建
3.2 配置maven_dao工程的pom.xml文件
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
<artifactId>maven_pojo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Mybatis和mybatis与spring的整合 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MySql驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.32</version>
</dependency>
<!-- druid数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- junit测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3.3 创建DAO接口和Mapper映射文件
package com.itheima.ssm.dao;
import com.itheima.ssm.pojo.Item;
public interface ItemMapper {
public Item findById(int id);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.ssm.dao.ItemMapper">
<select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultType="Item">
select * from item where id = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
3.4 在resources目录下创建spring配置文件applicationContext-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--配置数据源信息,使用druid连接池-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmtest"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</bean>
<!--配置spring整合mybatis框架的SQLSessionFactoryBean-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--扫描pojo包,为实体类创建别名-->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.itheima.ssm.pojo"/>
</bean>
<!--mapper扫描器,用于产生代理对象-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.itheima.ssm.dao"/>
</bean>
</bean
④子工程maven_service构建
第一步:创建maven_service工程
第二步:配置maven_service工程的pom.xml文件
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
<artifactId>maven_dao</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
第三步:创建Service接口和实现类
package com.itheima.ssm.service;
import com.itheima.ssm.pojo.Item;
public interface ItemService {
public Item findById(int id);
}
package com.itheima.ssm.service;
import com.itheima.ssm.dao.ItemMapper;
import com.itheima.ssm.pojo.Item;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
@Service
@Transactional
public class ItemServiceImpl implements ItemService {
@Autowired
private ItemMapper itemMapper;
public Item findById(int id) {
return itemMapper.findById(id);
}
}
第四步:创建spring配置文件applicationContext-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--配置扫描器,扫描Service-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.ssm.service"/>
<!--事务管理器-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--事物注解驱动-->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
⑤子工程maven_web构建
第一步:创建maven_web工程,注意打包方式为war
第二步:配置maven_web工程的pom.xml文件
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
<artifactId>maven_service</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>maven_web</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
第三步:创建Controller
package com.itheima.ssm.controller;
import com.itheima.ssm.pojo.Item;
import com.itheima.ssm.service.ItemService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/item")
public class ItemController {
@Autowired
private ItemService itemService;
@RequestMapping("/showItem/{id}")
public String findById(@PathVariable("id") int id, Model model){
Item item = itemService.findById(id);
model.addAttribute("item",item);
return "item";
}
}
第四步:创建jsp页面
第五步:配置web.xml
<!--指定Spring配置文件位置-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--配置Spring框架启动时使用的监听器-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--配置SpringMVC的前端控制器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
第六步:创建springmvc配置文件springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--配置扫描器,扫描Controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.ssm.controller"/>
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
项目整体结构如下:
1)maven_parent为父工程,其余工程为子工程,都继承父工程maven_parent
2)maven_parent工程将其子工程都进行了聚合
3)子工程之间存在依赖关系,比如maven_dao依赖, maven_pojo、maven_service依赖maven_dao、 maven_web依赖maven_service