handlers练习

3.1 问题
本案例要求：

安装Apache软件
配置文件，重新载入配置文件让服务生效
使用handlers来实现
3.2 步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：error

playbook从上往下顺序执行，若报错，后面的命令不会在执行，若想解决可以使用ignoring_errors:True(使用这个，会有报错信息，告诉你错误忽略，继续执行下面的命令)

[root@ansible ansible]# vim error.yml

• hosts: web
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  • shell: mkdir /tmp/cache
  • name: ReStart service httpd
    service:
    name: httpd
    state: restarted
  • name: run some command
    shell: /usr/bin/somecommand
    ignore_errors: True
    [root@ansible ansible]# ansible-playbook error.yml
    PLAY [web] ***********************************************************************************
    TASK [Gathering Facts] ***********************************************************************************
    ok: [web2]
    ok: [web1]
    TASK [command] ***********************************************************************************
    [WARNING]: Consider using file module with state=directory rather than running mkdir
    fatal: [web1]: FAILED! => {“changed”: true, “cmd”: “mkdir /tmp/cache”, “delta”: “0:00:00.004799”, “end”: “2019-04-11 14:57:11.582036”, “msg”: “non-zero return code”, “rc”: 1, “start”: “2019-04-11 14:57:11.577237”, “stderr”: “mkdir: \u65e0\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55”/tmp/cache": \u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728", “stderr_lines”: [“mkdir: \u65e0\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55”/tmp/cache": \u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728"], “stdout”: “”, “stdout_lines”: []}
    changed: [web2]
    TASK [ReStart service httpd] *****************************************************************************
    fatal: [web2]: FAILED! => {“changed”: false, “msg”: “Could not find the requested service httpd: host”}
    to retry, use: --limit @/etc/ansible/error.retry
    PLAY RECAP ***********************************************************************************
    web1 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=1
    web2 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=1
    [root@ansible ansible]#
    步骤二：tags给指定的任务定义一个调用标识

1）tags 样例

[root@ansible ansible]# vim adhttp.yml

• hosts: cache
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  • copy:
    src: /root/httpd.conf
    dest: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    owner: apache
    group: apache
    mode: 0644
    tags: syncconf
    2）调用方式

[root@ansible ansible]# ansible-playbook tags.yml -t syncconf
PLAY [cache] ***********************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] ***********************************************************************************
ok: [cache]
TASK [copy] ***********************************************************************************
changed: [cache]
PLAY RECAP ***********************************************************************************
cache : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0
步骤三： handlers

关注的资源发生变化时采取的操作

1. 使用handlers来配置文件，重新载入配置文件让服务生效

[root@ansible ansible]# vim handers.yml

• hosts: cache
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  • copy:
    src: /root/httpd.conf
    dest: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    owner: apache
    group: apache
    mode: 0644
    tags: syncconf
    notify:
    • restart httpd
      handlers:
  • name: restart httpd
    service:
    name: httpd
    state: restarted
    [root@ansible ansible]# ansible-playbook handers.yml
    PLAY [cache] ***********************************************************************************
    TASK [Gathering Facts] ***********************************************************************************
    ok: [cache]
    TASK [copy] ***********************************************************************************
    ok: [cache]
    PLAY RECAP ***********************************************************************************
    cache : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0