SpringMVC框架代码的编写

搭建和测试SpringMVC的开发环境

1. 在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet前端控制器

   <!--配置前端控制器-->
  <servlet>
     <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <!--加载springmvc.xml配置文件-->
      <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
      <!--启动服务器，创建该servlet-->
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

3. 在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet过滤器解决中文乱码

<!--解决中文乱码的过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

4. web.xml中配置的整体效果

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
        version="3.0">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
   
    <!--配置前端控制器-->
  <servlet>
     <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <!--加载springmvc.xml配置文件-->
      <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
      <!--启动服务器，创建该servlet-->
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--解决中文乱码的过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

5. 创建springmvc.xml的配置文件，编写配置文件
   同样是在resources资源文件夹中创建springmvc.xml配置文件
   
   

springmvc.xml的配置文件内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--开启注解扫描，只扫描Controller注解-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.gx">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!--配置的视图解析器对象-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
    <!--过滤静态资源-->
    <mvc:resources location="/css" mapping="/css/**"/>
    <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/>
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
    <!--开启SpringMVC注解的支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>

5. 创建jsp页面，并编写controller代码
   编写index.jsp页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<body>
<a href="account/findAll">测试SpringMVC查询</a>
</body>
</html>

在controller层中的AccountController的class类中编写代码

package com.gx.controller;

import com.gx.domain.Account;
import com.gx.service.AccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import java.util.List;

@Controller
public class AccountController {

    @RequestMapping("/account/findAll")
    public String findAll(){
        System.out.println("Controller表现层：查询所有账户...");
        return "list";  //在视图解析器中配置了前缀后缀
    }
}

这时候就要创建controller跳转的list.jsp页面了：

list.jsp页面创建好了，编写一下内容，只是看是否跳转成功，输出一句话即可：

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Bule
  Date: 2019/9/2
  Time: 7:32
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
            <h2>查询所有的账户</h2>
          
</body>
</html>

6. 部署Tomcat进行测试
   
   
   
7. 测试运行
   图1：
   
   图2：
   
   到这里，spring、springmvc的开发环境就都搭建好了，不容易啊，都坚持看到这里了，给你点个赞，接下来是整合spring和springmvc了！