linux挂载硬盘

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-02 10:47:11 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-08-02 10:47:11 发布

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本文将一块新的存储盘挂在到/opt/data目录下，并将存储盘做成lvm格式，便于以后进行扩容和升级。

1 查看存储盘名称

fdisk -l

Disk /dev/vda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00093d87

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *        2048    83886046    41941999+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

/dev/vdb是需要分区挂在的硬盘

2 fdisk将新盘进行分区

fdisk /dev/vdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x75acc5e3.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199):
Using default value 209715199
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set

Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

说明：
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：n 添加新的物理分区，全部选择默认值
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：t 输入t修改分区 id
Hex 代码(输入 L 列出所有代码)：8e 8e分区修改为Linux LVM类型
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：w 输入 w 将修改写入磁盘

3 创建VG(卷组)

重新查看存储盘

fdisk -l

Disk /dev/vda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00093d87

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *        2048    83886046    41941999+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x75acc5e3

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1            2048   209715199   104856576   8e  Linux LVM

最后多了 /dev/vdb1
创建VG卷组

vgcreate centos /dev/vdb1

回显下列信息成功

  Physical volume "/dev/vdb1" successfully created.
  Volume group "centos" successfully created

4 将VG卷全部空间作为lv逻辑卷

将VG卷全部空间作为lv逻辑卷，并取名data

lvcreate -l +100%FREE -n data centos

回显如下信息

Logical volume "data" created.

5 制作xfs文件格式

mkfs.xfs /dev/centos/data

回显如下信息

meta-data=/dev/centos/data       isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=6553344 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=26213376, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=12799, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

6 将盘挂载到/opt/data目录下

mount -t xfs /dev/centos/data /opt/data

7 配置/etc/fstab确保重启后挂载

在文件最后追加内容：/dev/centos/dcos /dcos xfs defaults 1 2

echo /dev/centos/data /opt/data xfs defaults 1 2 >> /etc/fstab

8 查看挂载情况

df -lh

回显如下信息

Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1                 40G  3.1G   35G   9% /
devtmpfs                 3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    3.7G  360M  3.3G  10% /run
tmpfs                    3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs                    748M     0  748M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/centos-data  100G   33M  100G   1% /opt/data