摘 要
随着社会经济的高速发展和城市化、自动化进程的加快，对交通运输的各种需求明显增长，交通问题已成为困扰世界各地城市，尤其是大城市的首要问题之一，无论是发达国家还是发展中国家，都毫无例外地承受着不断恶化的交通的困扰，交通问题己经成为影响世界经济发展的主要因素。
随着我国微型电子技术和嵌入式系统的发展，目前行业内相对比较传统的交通灯无法满足客户的需求。为了改进传统交通灯在控制上得短板问题，在本次毕业设计中，将使用相对先进、快捷、智能的控制机制。该系统的控制大脑为核心控制器51系列嵌入式开发系统，主要采用数字控制技术，将输入的连续模拟电压信号转换成离散的数字信号，传输给液晶显示器。该交通灯设计具有智能控制、数字显示等功能，而且性价比高、度准确、能耗较低、制作简易、称重方便快捷等特点，给人民生活带来了很大的影响，在市场上很受欢迎。
模糊控制的优势在于不需要获取模型中的复杂关系，不需要建立精确的模型，而是一种基于规则的智能控制方式。本文将模糊控制和交通信号控制相结合，提出了用模糊控制实现交通系统的控制。针对当前城市交通信号控制系统的现状以及存在的问题进行了分析；针对交通流运行的高度复杂性和随机性的特点，提出了基于模糊控制的城市交通信号控制系统；以单路口交通信号控制为核心，研究了基于模糊控制的交通信号控制的系统结构。
同时，本文主要探讨并提出一种了利用视频监控系统采集路面通过车辆的图像信息，以三种视频监控算法光流法、帧间差分法、背景差分法为基础，计算监控道路的车流量，根据车流量与下位机的配合，合理分配交通灯的时间，以减缓交通压力，以便更快更迅速地疏导道路交通。为了验证设计系统，在实验阶段，依靠嵌入式平台开发了一套仿真验证模型，分别在该嵌入式平台及上位机平台上，用相同的核心图像处理算法，进行了实验验证，取得了良好的效果。
该智能控制系统设计主要从国内外发展状况，硬件控制部件选择，根据控制原理绘制硬件电路，控制系统软件程序设计开发等方面进行详细讲解。该控制系统使用STC89C52RC嵌入式开发系统、电路显示部分、按键电路等组成智能交通灯控制系统。
关键词：交通信号灯；模糊控制；显示；视频监控；车流量
Abstract
With the rapid development of social economy and the acceleration of urbanization and automation, the demand for transportation has increased significantly, and the traffic problem has become one of the primary problems plaguing cities all over the world, especially big cities. No matter developed or developing countries, they are all suffering the trouble of deteriorating traffic without exception. Traffic problem has become the main factor affecting the world economic development.
With the development of micro-electronic technology and embedded system in our country, the current industry relatively traditional traffic lights can not meet customer needs. In order to improve the traditional traffic lights in the control of the short board problem, in this graduation design, will use relatively advanced, fast, intelligent control mechanism. The control brain of the system is the core controller 51 series embedded development system, which mainly uses digital control technology to convert the input continuous analog voltage signal into discrete digital signal, which is transmitted to the LCD. The traffic light design has intelligent control, digital display and other functions, and cost-effective, accurate, low energy consumption, simple production, weighing convenient and fast characteristics, to people's lives has brought a great impact on the market is very popular.
The advantage of fuzzy control is that it does not need to obtain the complex relationship in the model, does not need to establish an accurate model, but is a rule-based intelligent control mode. Combining fuzzy control with traffic signal control, this paper proposes to realize traffic system control by fuzzy control. The present situation and existing problems of urban traffic signal control system are analyzed. Aiming at the characteristics of high complexity and randomness of traffic flow operation, an urban traffic signal control system based on fuzzy control is proposed. Taking single intersection traffic signal control as the core, the traffic signal control system structure based on fuzzy control is studied.
At the same time, this paper mainly discusses and proposes a video surveillance system to collect the image information of vehicles passing the road surface. Based on three video surveillance algorithms, optical flow method, interframe difference method and background difference method, the traffic flow of the road is calculated and monitored. According to the cooperation between the traffic flow and the lower machine, the time of traffic lights is allocated reasonably to slow down the traffic pressure. In order to clear the road traffic faster and more quickly. In order to verify the design system, in the experimental stage, a set of simulation verification model is developed based on the embedded platform. The same core image processing algorithm is used to carry out experimental verification on the embedded platform and the upper computer platform respectively, and good results are obtained.
The intelligent control system design mainly from the domestic and foreign development status, hardware control components selection, according to the control principle to draw the hardware circuit, control system software programming and development are explained in detail. The control system uses STC89C52RC embedded development system, circuit display part, key circuit and so on to form intelligent traffic light control system.
Key words: Traffic lights; Fuzzy control; Video surveillance;Timing;traffic
目录
5.2 基于模糊控制的交通灯控制系统仿真结果分析... 36
1.1 研究课题背景
交通是国民经济的基础产业，也是社会发展和人民生活水平提高的基本条件，是人民生存四大要素衣食住行的主要组成部分。同时交通运输的发达程度也是衡量一个国家现代化程度的标志之一。随着社会经济的高速发展和城市化、自动化进程的加快，对交通运输的各种需求明显增长，交通问题已成为困扰世界各地城市，尤其是大城市的首要问题之一，迅速推进的城市化及大城市人口的急剧膨胀，以及城市基础设施建设滞后和城市管理中存在的诸多问题进一步加剧了大城市交通问题。无论是发达国家还是发展中国家，都毫无例外地承受着不断恶化的交通的困扰，交通问题己经成为影响世界经济发展的主要因素。大城市交通问题之所以如此严重，归根结底在于迅速增长的交通需求与有限的交通供给之间的矛盾，毫无疑问，增加供给是解决大城市交通问题的一个重要手段。但是，摆在我们面前的事实是，交通供给增长似乎永远赶不上交通需求的增长：道路没有车辆增长的快。进入二十一世纪以来，我国小汽车的拥有量迅速增加，由于政策上的支持，产业经济发展的需要，以及人们对更加方便舒适的生活的追求等原因，机动化的趋势已经不可避免，交通供需矛盾的长期性和城市空间、建设资金的有限性决定了不能通过增加交通基础设施供给来解决这一问题，这就需要通过提高交通控制与管理水平，充分发掘现有交通设施的潜力，保证城市交通的安全、畅通、快捷、低污染。
开题报告点击如下链接下载：
https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_45905610/88575338
基于模糊计算的交通信号灯控制系统设计-开题报告资源-CSDN文库
完整论文点击如下链接下载：
https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_45905610/88575334
matlab建模仿真点解如下链接下载：
https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_45905610/88575336
基于模糊计算的交通信号灯控制系统设计-matlab仿真资源-CSDN文库
单片机程序+原理图+proteus仿真点击如下链接下载：
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