基于直流微电网的光伏并网功率转换装置设计与运行仿真

摘要

微电网是目前国内外应用较为广泛的一种绿色可再生能源，近几年我国微电网产业的发展十分迅速。然后，越来越多的微电网系统建立并网，微电网产生的电能受外界因素影响较大，具有一定的随机性和波动性，给并网后的电力系统稳定性带了巨大的影响。然后建立微电网厂的储能系统是改善此种情况的最好的解决办法。因此，近年来微电网场储能装置的装备、容量配置及风储联合运行控制成为了研究和应用示范的热点。

面对全球日趋严重的能源危机问题，可再生能源的开发和利用得到了人们的高度重视。其中辐射到地球太阳能资源是十分富饶的，绿色清洁的太阳能不会危害我们的生存环境，因而受到了人们的广泛利用。光伏发电作为可再生能源被广泛的应用，技术不断革新。为了提高光伏发电系统的光电转换效率，需要系统实时的进行最大功率点跟踪。

由于国内人民生活水平的提高，科技不断地进步，控制不断地完善，导致不可再生能源消耗严重，甚至殆尽，从而促使可再生能源成为行业的主导。光伏发电成为现阶段一处亮丽的风景线，由于其拥有成熟的开发技术，成本相对较小，几乎无污染的优势，使得在新能源发电行业具有很高的前景，成为世界各国关注的焦点。同时，因为光照强度可变性、随机性以及不可控制性较强，光伏发电系统的稳定性影响较大。光伏发电行业不断革新，发电的数量越来越大。因此新一代的我们要认真去钻研光伏发电的影响。

微电网是解决电力系统稳定性问题的关键所在，直流微电网相比传统交流配用电网，具有技术和经济上的优点，具有巨大的发展前景。本文主要针对直流微电网的光伏并网功率转换相关设计与运行研究。通过对微电网常用母线结构和光伏、蓄电池、逆变器不同微电网的数学模型的研究，制定与之相适应的不同的控制策略和符合实际运行方式。在Matlab/Simulink 仿真中搭建了基于光伏、储能等微电源组成的简易微电网模型，从而验证了不同微电源的运行方式和控制模式。

关键词：直流微电网，并网逆变器，光伏，功率转换

 

Abstract

Micro-power grid is a kind of green renewable energy which is widely used at home and abroad at present. In recent years, micro-power grid industry has developed very rapidly. Then, more and more microgrid systems are built and connected to the grid. The electric energy generated by microgrid is greatly affected by external factors and has certain randomness and volatility, which has a huge impact on the stability of the grid-connected power system. The best way to improve this situation is to build energy storage system of microgrid plant. Therefore, in recent years, the equipment, capacity configuration and combined operation control of energy storage devices in microgrid field have become a hot topic in research and application demonstration.

Facing the increasingly serious global energy crisis, the development and utilization of renewable energy has been attached great importance. Which radiation to the earth's solar energy resources are very rich, green and clean solar energy will not harm our living environment, so it has been widely used by people. Photovoltaic power generation as a renewable energy is widely used, technology innovation. In order to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic power generation system, it is necessary to track the maximum power point in real time.

Due to the improvement of people's living standards, continuous progress of science and technology, and continuous improvement of control, non-renewable energy consumption is serious, or even exhausted, thus promoting renewable energy to become the dominant industry. Photovoltaic power generation has become a beautiful landscape at the present stage. Due to its advantages of mature development technology, relatively small cost and almost no pollution, it has a high prospect in the new energy power generation industry and has become the focus of attention in the world. At the same time, due to the strong variability, randomness and uncontrollability of illumination intensity, the stability of photovoltaic power generation system is greatly affected. The photovoltaic power generation industry continues to innovate, generating more and more power. So the new generation of us to seriously delve into the impact of photovoltaic power generation.

Microgrid is the key to solve the problem of power system stability. Compared with the traditional AC distribution network, DC microgrid has technical and economic advantages and has a huge development prospect. This paper mainly focuses on the design and operation of photovoltaic grid-connected power conversion in DC microgrid. Based on the study of the common bus structure of microgrid and the mathematical models of different microgrids of photovoltaic, battery and inverter, different control strategies and practical operation modes are formulated. In the Matlab/Simulink simulation, a simple micro-grid model based on photovoltaic, energy storage and other micro-power sources is built, thus verifying the operation mode and control mode of different micro-power sources.

Keywords: Dc microgrid, grid-connected inverter, photovoltaic, power conversion

目录

摘要............................................................................................................................. I

Abstract................................................................................................................... III

第一章 绪论............................................................................................................. 1

1.1研究课题背景............................................................................................. 1

1.2国内外关于光伏发电并网控制的发展状况.......................................... 5

1.3并网逆变器发展现状和发展趋势.................................................... 6

1.4课题研究意义............................................................................................. 7

1.5 研究内容及章节安排............................................................................... 8

第二章 光伏发电系统的组成................................................................................ 8

2.1光伏发电系统的基本组成........................................................................ 8

2.2光伏发电系统的分类................................................................................ 9

2.3光伏发电系统的应用.............................................................................. 10

2.4小结........................................................................................................... 11

第三章 光伏并网逆变系统及其控制技术......................................................... 11

3.1光伏并网逆变系统.................................................................................. 12

3.2      并网逆变系统滤波器....................................................................... 12

3.2.1       LCL 型滤波器模型.............................................................. 13

3.2.2       无源阻尼................................................................................ 15

3.2.3       有源阻尼................................................................................ 17

3.2.4       混合阻尼................................................................................ 19

3.3      单相并网逆变器系统模型分析................................................ 20

3.3.1       单相并网逆变器系统概述............................................ 20

3.4      LCL 型滤波器控制策略.................................................................. 22

3.4.1       网侧电流反馈模型............................................................... 23

3.5      本章小结............................................................................................ 24

第四章 光伏发电单相并网逆变器的仿真........................................................ 24

4.1 光伏发电单相并网逆变器的仿真模型搭建....................................... 24

4.2仿真结果分析.......................................................................................... 26

4.3小结........................................................................................................... 29

第五章 ...........................................................................................

第一章 绪论

1.1研究课题背景

微电网是一个集成了分布式电源、负荷、储能设备、能量装换装置以及保护装置等一系列环节的自治性小型发配电系统。微电网是分布式发电的高级模式，它不仅继承了分布式发电系统的所有优点并且还具有自己的特点。具体总结如下：

第一，微电网能够减小并克服其内部的微电源给自身系统或者大电网带来的波动性，提高系统稳定性。对于并网运行的微电网，当大电网遇到突发状况时，微电网可以利用其内部的储能装置和保护控制装置来平滑整个系统的波动、维持功率的平衡；另一方面，对于自治运行的微电网，其内部的多种分布式发电系统增加了整个系统的容量，同时增加了微电网系统的惯性，从而可以达到减弱电压波动和闪变现象的效果。

第二，微电网可以大大提高供电的可靠性。微电网内部集合了多种不同种类的分布式电源，对于自治运行的微电网，微电网可利用多个微电源供电来保证对重要负荷的供电，从而提高该类负荷的供电可靠性。对于并网运行的微电网，在大电网遇到突发状况时，微电网可以作为备用电源向大电网提供支撑，快速恢复对重要负荷的供电。

第三，微电网可以将分布式发电的效益更加充分地展现出来。当集合了多种微电源的微电网系统以整体的形式接入配电网，其并网标准只针对公共连接点，而不是针对其内部单个微电源的连接点。这样就克服了分布式电源大规模分散接入给配电网带来的问题，从而为分布式电源优势的发挥提供了一个有效的途径。

综上所述，将多种分布式电源以微电网的形式集成并入配电网，不仅解决了分布式发电给配电网带来的问题，而且给配电网的运行带来了更多的好处，从而进一步促进了传统电网向智能电网的过渡；微电网中的各种可再生能源为主的分布式发电系统向负荷供电，实现了国家的节能减排举措，从而极大地推动了我国的可持续发展战略。所以，为贯彻我国的能源策略和智能电网的发展计划以及满足可持续发展的要求，对微电网技术展开深入研究具有重要的意义。而微电网系统的能量管理与优化运行作为微电网技术的重要组成部分，其对于提高微电网系统的安全、可靠、稳定、经济运行有着不可替代的重要作用，该课题已成为面向可再生能源的微电网系统应用和推广亟需解决的问题，具有重要的理论价值和工程价值。

 完整论文点击如下链接下载：

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基于直流微电网的光伏并网功率转换装置设计与运行仿真资源-CSDN文库

matlab建模仿真分析点击如下链接下载：

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基于直流微电网的光伏并网功率转换装置设计与运行仿真-matlab仿真资源-CSDN文库