c语言实现文件的输入和输出(实例)

操作: 从文件g.txt读取数据，进行排序，输出分数第二高的学生
将排序后的数据输入到，创建一个新的txt，名字为e.txt

1.代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include<Windows.h>
typedef struct student
{
    char    number[20];
    char    name[20];
    char    sex[10];
    char    birth[20];
    char    province[20];
    int     score;
    struct  student *next;
}student;
 
 
void getSecond(student *s[],int sn);
void sort(student *s[],int sn);
 
 
int main()
{
	//SetConsoleOutputCP(65001);
    FILE* fd;
    int flag = 0;
    int sn = 10;//读取前面十个学生的信息
    student * s[10];
 
 
    //申请内存空间
    for(;flag<sn;flag++)
    {
        s[flag] = (student *) malloc(sizeof(student));
    }
 
    //打开文件
    if((fd = fopen("E:\\g.txt","r"))==NULL)
    {
        printf("文件读取失败.\n");
		Sleep(80000);
        return 0;
 
    }
	
    printf("文件读取成功.\n");
 

	SetConsoleOutputCP(65001);
    //读取文件
    for( flag = 0; flag < sn; flag++)
    {
        fscanf(fd,"%s%s%s%s%s%d",s[flag]->number,s[flag]->name,s[flag]->sex,
                                s[flag]->birth,s[flag]->province,&s[flag]->score);
 
        printf("%s%16s%8s%16s%16s%8d\n",s[flag]->number,s[flag]->name,s[flag]->sex,
                                        s[flag]->birth,s[flag]->province,s[flag]->score);
    }

    //关闭文件
    fclose(fd);
	//SetConsoleOutputCP(65001);

	printf("\n");
   printf("\n");

	SetConsoleOutputCP(936);
  printf("输出第二学生信息: ");
  SetConsoleOutputCP(65001);
 
    getSecond(s,sn);//输出成绩第二的学生信息

   printf("\n");
   printf("\n");
	SetConsoleOutputCP(936);
	 printf("按照分数高低输出所有学生信息: ");
	 SetConsoleOutputCP(65001);
    sort(s,sn);//按照分数高低输出所有学生信息
 
 
 
    return 0;
 
}
 
 
 
void getSecond(student *s[],int sn)
{
    //寻找次高分数的学生信息
    int ranking = 1 ;
    int i,j;
 
    for(i = 0; i < sn; i++)
    {
        for(j = 0; j<sn; j++)
        {
            if(s[i]->score > s[j]->score) ranking++;
        }
 
        if(ranking == sn-1 ) break;//sn-1表示次高分数标志
        else ranking = 1;
    }
 
    printf("\n");
    printf("%s%16s%8s%16s%16s%8d\n",s[i]->number,s[i]->name,s[i]->sex,
                                    s[i]->birth,s[i]->province,s[i]->score);
 
}
 
 
void sort(student *s[],int sn)
{
    student * temp;
    int i=0,j=0;
    for( ;i<sn-1; i++)
    {
        for(j = i; j<sn; j++)
        {
            if(s[i]->score < s[j]->score)
            {
                temp = s[i];
                s[i] = s[j];
                s[j] = temp;
            }
        }
 
    }
 
    printf("\n");
 



	//888888888888888888
	 FILE* fp1;
	if((fp1=fopen("E:\\e.txt","w"))==NULL)
	{
	 printf("File open erroe!\n");
	 exit(0);
	
	}
	//888888888888888888





	
    //输出所有排序后学生的信息
    for(i=0;i<sn;i++)
    {
       printf("%s%16s%8s%16s%16s%8d\n",s[i]->number,s[i]->name,s[i]->sex,
                                    s[i]->birth,s[i]->province,s[i]->score);
	}


	//888888888888888888888888888
    //输出所有排序后学生的信息
    for(i=0;i<sn;i++)
    {
     
	   fprintf(fp1,"%s%16s%8s%16s%16s%8d\n",s[i]->number,s[i]->name,s[i]->sex,
                                    s[i]->birth,s[i]->province,s[i]->score);
    }

	if(fclose(fp1))
	{
	printf("Cant not close the file! \n");
	exit(0);
	}
 Sleep(10000000);
 //888888888888888888888888888
 
}
 
 
 

2.运行截图

操作: 从文件g.txt读取数据，进行排序，输出分数第二高的学生
将排序后的数据输入到，创建一个新的txt，名字为e.txt