Spring框架学习笔记08：基于Java配置方式使用SpringMVC

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-30 18:45:53 发布

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/howard2005/article/details/108892857

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基于Java配置与注解的方式使用Spring MVC

1，创建maven项目

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2，在pom.xml文件添加依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>net.zl.spring</groupId>
    <artifactId>SpringMVCDemo02</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <!-- spring.version -->
        <spring.version>5.3.4</spring.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding>
        <java.version>11</java.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!--Spring核心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring Bean-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring容器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring测试-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring Web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Spring MVC-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--JSP标准标签库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Servlet -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--日志框架-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--单元测试-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

3，创建日志属性文件 - log4j.properties

在resources文件夹内创建

log4j.rootLogger=WARN, stdout, logfile
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n
log4j.appender.logfile=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.logfile.File=target/spring.log
log4j.appender.logfile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.logfile.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n

4，创建首页文件-index.jsp

在resources里创建templates子目录，然后在子目录里创建index.jsp
在这里插入图片描述

创建Spring MVC配置类 - SpringMvcConfig

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("net.zl.spring")
public class SpringMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    @Bean
    public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver () {
        InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/classes/templates/");
        viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
        viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
        return viewResolver;
    }
}

6、创建Web应用初始化配置类 - MyWebInitializer

现在Java配置方式在逐步取代XML配置方式，WebApplicationInitializer接口可以看做是web.xml的替代，通过实现WebApplicationInitializer接口，在其中可以添加servlet，listener等，在加载Web项目时会加载这个接口实现类，从而起到web.xml相同的作用。

public class MyWebInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {
    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        // 创建Web应用容器
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        // 注册配置类（配置类对应以前的spring-mvc-config.xml文件）
        context.register(SpringMvcConfig.class);
        // 与当前ServletContext关联
        context.setServletContext(servletContext);
        // 注册Spring MVC的前端控制器（DispatcherServlet）
        ServletRegistration.Dynamic servlet = servletContext.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(context));
        // 过滤一切资源请求
        servlet.addMapping("/");
        // 设置启动加载顺序
        servlet.setLoadOnStartup(1);
    }
}