最小生成树---prim(普利姆)算法

完整程序：

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>

typedef struct Graph
{
    char *vexs;     //  顶点元素
    int **arcs;     //  邻接表
    int vexNum;     //  顶点数量
    int arcsNum;    //  边数量
}Graph;

typedef struct Edge
{
    char vex;       //存储顶点
    int weight;     //存储顶点对应的权重
}Edge;
/*
    1、顶点之间不存在边的关系 邻接矩阵的值为 MAX 
    2、如果是顶点本身，邻接矩阵的值为 0 
*/
#define MAX 32767

Graph *initgraph(int vexNum);
void creat_graph(Graph *graph,char *vexs,int *arcs);
void DFS(Graph *graph,int *flag,int index);

Edge *Init_Edge(Graph *graph,int index);
int Get_Min_Edge(Edge *edge,Graph *graph);  //获取最小权重下标
void prim(Graph *graph,int index);      //普利姆算法


void main()
{

    Graph *graph = initgraph(6);
    int *flag = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * graph->vexNum);
    for(int i = 0;i < graph->vexNum;i++)
    {
        flag[i] = 0;
    }
    int arcs[6][6] = {
        0,6,1,5,MAX,MAX,
        6,0,5,MAX,3,MAX,
        1,5,0,5,6,4,
        5,MAX,5,0,MAX,2,
        MAX,3,6,MAX,0,6,
        MAX,MAX,4,2,6,0,
    };

    creat_graph(graph,"123456",(int *)arcs);
    printf("DFS遍历结果：\n");
    DFS(graph,flag,0);
    printf("\n"); 

    prim(graph,0);


    system("pause");
    return ;
}

Graph *initgraph(int vexNum)
{
    Graph *graph = (Graph *)malloc(sizeof(Graph));
    graph->vexs = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * vexNum);    //为顶点元素申请内存空间
    graph->arcs = (int **)malloc(sizeof(int *) * vexNum);   //指针数组(存储一维数组首地址)
    for(int i = 0;i < vexNum;i++)
    {
        graph->arcs[i] = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * vexNum);   //为一维数组申请内存空间
    }    
    graph->vexNum = vexNum;     //初始化顶点数量
    graph->arcsNum = 0;         //初始化边数量
    return graph;
}

void creat_graph(Graph *graph,char *vexs,int *arcs)
{
    for(int i = 0;i < graph->vexNum;i++)
    {
        graph->vexs[i] = vexs[i];       //为顶点赋值
        for(int j = 0; j < graph->vexNum;j++)
        {
            graph->arcs[i][j] = *(arcs + i * graph->vexNum + j) ;      //创建邻接表
            if(graph->arcs[i][j] != 0 && graph->arcs[i][j] != MAX)     //二维数组不等于0且不等于最大值时存在边，边数加 1
                graph->arcsNum ++;
        }
    }

    graph->arcsNum /= 2;    //无向图两顶点之间是没有方向的，
}

void DFS(Graph *graph,int *flag,int index)
{
    //打印结点内容
    printf("%c\t",graph->vexs[index]);
    //标记已访问
    flag[index] = 1;
    //遍历二维数组
    for(int i = 0;i < graph->vexNum;i++)
    {   //如果未访问过且存在边的关系则访问结点
        if(graph->arcs[index][i] > 0 && graph->arcs[index][i] != MAX && !flag[i])
        {
            DFS(graph,flag,i);
        }
    }
}

Edge *Init_Edge(Graph *graph,int index)
{
    Edge *edge = (Edge *)malloc(sizeof(Edge) * graph->vexNum);
    for(int i = 0;i < graph->vexNum;i++)
    {
        edge[i].vex = graph->vexs[index];  
        edge[i].weight = graph->arcs[index][i]; 
    }

    return edge;
}

int Get_Min_Edge(Edge *edge,Graph *graph)
{
    int index;
    int min = MAX;
    for(int i = 0;i < graph->vexNum;i++)
    {   //遍历找到与当前顶点权重最小的顶点下标
        if(edge[i].weight != 0 && min > edge[i].weight)
        {
            min = edge[i].weight;
            index = i;
        }
    }
    return index;
}

void prim(Graph *graph,int index)
{
    int min;
    Edge *edge = Init_Edge(graph,index);
    for(int i = 0;i < graph->vexNum - 1;i++)
    {
        min = Get_Min_Edge(edge,graph);     //获取最小权重顶点的下标
        printf("v%c --> v%c,weight = %d\n",edge[min].vex,graph->vexs[min],edge[min].weight);
        edge[min].weight = 0;
        for(int j = 0;j < graph->vexNum;j++)
        {
            if(graph->arcs[min][j] < edge[j].weight)
            {
                edge[j].weight = graph->arcs[min][j];
                edge[j].vex = graph->vexs[min];
            }
        }
    }
}

测试结果：

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