c++常用拷贝和替换算法

常用拷贝和替换算法

算法简介

copy

功能描述

函数原型

示例

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

void myPrint(int val) {
    cout << val << " ";
}

void test() {
    vector<int> v;
    //插入数据
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
        v.push_back(i);
    }

    vector<int> v2;
    //开辟空间
    v2.resize(v.size());

    //将v的内容拷贝到v2
    copy(v.begin(), v.end(), v2.begin());

    //遍历打印  0 1 2 3 4
    for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), myPrint);
}


int main() {
    test();
    return 0;
}

replace

功能描述

函数原型

示例

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

void myPrint(int val) {
    cout << val << " ";
}

void test() {
    vector<int> v;
    //插入数据
    v.push_back(1);
    v.push_back(2);
    v.push_back(1);
    v.push_back(3);
    v.push_back(4);
    v.push_back(1);

    //替换，将v中的1替换成10
    replace(v.begin(), v.end(), 1, 10);

    //遍历打印  10 2 10 3 4 10
    for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint);
}


int main() {
    test();
    return 0;
}

replace_if

功能描述

函数原型

示例

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

void myPrint(int val) {
    cout << val << " ";
}

class Greater30{
public:
    bool operator()(int val){
        return val >= 3;
    }
};

void test() {
    vector<int> v;
    //插入数据
    v.push_back(1);
    v.push_back(2);
    v.push_back(1);
    v.push_back(3);
    v.push_back(4);
    v.push_back(1);

    //遍历打印  1 2 1 3 4 1
    for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint);
    cout << endl;

    //将大于或等于3的改为30
    replace_if(v.begin(), v.end(),Greater30(),30);

    //遍历打印  1 2 1 30 30 1
    for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint);
}


int main() {
    test();
    return 0;
}

swap

功能描述

函数原型

示例

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

void myPrint(int val) {
    cout << val << " ";
}

class Greater30{
public:
    bool operator()(int val){
        return val >= 3;
    }
};

void test() {
    vector<int> v1;
    vector<int> v2;
    //插入数据
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
        v1.push_back(i);
        v2.push_back(i+100);
    }

    cout << "交换前:" << endl;
    //遍历打印  1 2 1 3 4 1
    for_each(v1.begin(), v1.end(), myPrint);
    cout << endl;
    //遍历打印  1 2 1 30 30 1
    for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), myPrint);
    cout << endl;

    cout << "交换后:" << endl;
    v1.swap(v2);
    for_each(v1.begin(), v1.end(), myPrint);
    cout << endl;
    //遍历打印  1 2 1 30 30 1
    for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), myPrint);
    cout << endl;

    /*
     *  交换前:
     *  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
        100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109
        交换后:
        100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109
        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
     */
}


int main() {
    test();
    return 0;
}