2. 多线程客户端/服务端select模型

server

#ifdef _WIN32
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN //这个宏尽量避免早期库和现代库的冲突
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS //避免inet_ntoa不让用，报错
#include <windows.h>//早期
#include <WinSock2.h>//现代
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")//也可以在属性中添加库
#else
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#define SOCKET int
#define INVALID_SOCKET (SOCKET)(~0)		//（-1）
#define SOCKET_ERROR (-1)
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <vector>
#include <thread>



enum CMD
{
	CMD_LOGIN,
	CMD_LOGIN_RESULT,
	CMD_LOGOUT,
	CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT,
	CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN,
	CMD_ERROR
};
//包头
struct DataHeader
{
	short dataLength;//长度
	short cmd;//命令
};
//DataPackage
struct Login : public DataHeader
{
	Login()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(Login);
		cmd = CMD_LOGIN;
	}
	char userName[32];
	char PassWord[32];
};
struct LoginResult : public DataHeader
{
	LoginResult()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(LoginResult);
		cmd = CMD_LOGIN_RESULT;
		result = 0;
	}
	int result;
};
struct Logout : public DataHeader
{
	Logout()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(Logout);
		cmd = CMD_LOGOUT;
	}
	char userName[32];
};
struct LogoutResult : public DataHeader
{
	LogoutResult()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(LogoutResult);
		cmd = CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT;
		result = 0;
	}
	int result;
};

struct NewUserJoin : public DataHeader
{
	NewUserJoin()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(NewUserJoin);
		cmd = CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN;
		sock = 0;
	}
	int sock;
};

std::vector<SOCKET> g_clients;

int process(SOCKET _cSock)
{
	//缓冲区
	char szRecv[1024] = {};
	//5.接受客户端数据
	int nLen = (int)recv(_cSock, szRecv, sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
	DataHeader* header = (DataHeader*)szRecv;

	if (nLen <= 0)
	{
		printf("客户端<socket %d>已退出，任务结束\n", _cSock);
		return -1;
	}
	switch (header->cmd)
	{
	case CMD_LOGIN:
	{
		recv(_cSock, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
		Login* login = (Login*)szRecv;
		printf("收到客户端<socket %d>请求：CMD_LOGIN 数据长度:%d userName=%s PassWord=%s\n", _cSock, login->dataLength, login->userName, login->PassWord);
		//忽略 判断用户名密码是否正确的 过程
		LoginResult ret;
		send(_cSock, (char*)&ret, sizeof(LoginResult), 0);
	}
	break;
	case CMD_LOGOUT:
	{
		recv(_cSock, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
		Logout* logout = (Logout*)szRecv;
		printf("收到客户端<socket %d>请求：CMD_LOGOUT 数据长度:%d userName=%s\n", _cSock, logout->dataLength, logout->userName);
		//忽略 判断用户名密码是否正确的 过程
		LogoutResult ret;
		send(_cSock, (char*)&ret, sizeof(LoginResult), 0);
	}
	break;
	default:
		DataHeader header = { 0,CMD_ERROR };
		send(_cSock, (char*)&header, sizeof(header), 0);
		break;
	}
	return 0;
}

int main()
{
#ifdef _WIN32
	WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2, 2);//版本号
	WSADATA dat;
	WSAStartup(ver, &dat);
#endif
	//------------------------------------
	//1.建立一个socket套接字
	SOCKET _sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
	//2.绑定接受客户端连接的端口bind
	sockaddr_in _sin = {};
	_sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	_sin.sin_port = htons(4567);
#ifdef _WIN32
	_sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;//inet_addr("127.0.0.1");//一个主机不止一个IP地址，随便一个都可以访问主机
#else
	_sin.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
#endif

	if (bind(_sock, (sockaddr*)&_sin, sizeof(_sin)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		printf("错误，绑定网络端口失败...\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("绑定网络端口成功...\n");
	}
	//3.listen监听网络端口
	if (listen(_sock, 5) == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		printf("错误，监听网络端口失败...\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("监听网络端口成功...\n");
	}

	while (true)
	{
		//伯克利套接字
		fd_set fdRead;//描述符(socket)集合
		fd_set fdWrite;
		fd_set fdExp;
		FD_ZERO(&fdRead);//清空
		FD_ZERO(&fdWrite);
		FD_ZERO(&fdExp);
		//将描述符加入集合
		FD_SET(_sock, &fdRead);
		FD_SET(_sock, &fdWrite);
		FD_SET(_sock, &fdExp);
		SOCKET maxSock = _sock;
		for (int n = (int)g_clients.size() - 1; n >= 0; n--)
		{
			FD_SET(g_clients[n], &fdRead);
			if (maxSock < g_clients[n])
			{
				maxSock = g_clients[n];
			}
		}
		//nfds 为一个整数值 是指集合fd_set中，所有描述符的范围，而不是数量，所有描述符最大值，在windows无所谓
		timeval t = { 1,0 };
		int ret = select(maxSock + 1, &fdRead, &fdWrite, &fdExp, &t);
		if (ret < 0)
		{
			printf("select任务结束\n");
			break;
		}
		//判断描述符是否在集合中
		if (FD_ISSET(_sock, &fdRead))
		{
			FD_CLR(_sock, &fdRead);
			//4.accept等待客户端连接
			sockaddr_in clientAddr = {};
			int nAddrLen = sizeof(sockaddr_in);
			SOCKET _cSock = INVALID_SOCKET;
#ifdef _WIN32
			_cSock = accept(_sock, (sockaddr*)&clientAddr, &nAddrLen);
#else
			_cSock = accept(_sock, (sockaddr*)&clientAddr, (socklen_t*)&nAddrLen);
#endif
			if (INVALID_SOCKET == _cSock)
			{
				printf("错误，接受到无效客户端SOCKET...\n");
			}
			else
			{
				for (int n = (int)g_clients.size() - 1; n >= 0; n--)
				{
					NewUserJoin userJoin;
					send(g_clients[n], (const char*)&userJoin, sizeof(NewUserJoin), 0);
				}
				g_clients.push_back(_cSock);
				printf("新客户端加入：socket = %d IP = %s \n", (int)_cSock, inet_ntoa(clientAddr.sin_addr));
			}
		}
		for (int n = (int)g_clients.size() - 1; n >= 0; n--)
		{
			if (FD_ISSET(g_clients[n], &fdRead))
			{
				if (-1 == process(g_clients[n]))
				{
					std::vector<SOCKET>::iterator iter = g_clients.begin()+n;
					if (iter != g_clients.end())
					{
						g_clients.erase(iter);
					}
				}
			}
		}
		//printf("空闲时处理其他业务...\n");
	}
#ifdef _WIN32
	for (size_t n = g_clients.size() - 1; n >= 0; n--)
	{
		closesocket(g_clients[n]);
	}

	//8.关闭套接字socket
	closesocket(_sock);
	//------------------------------------
	//清除Windows socket环境
	WSACleanup();
#else 
	for (int n = (int)g_clients.size() - 1; n >= 0; n--)
	{
		close(g_clients[n]);
	}
	close(_sock);
#endif
	printf("已退出，任务结束\n");
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

client

#ifdef _WIN32
	#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN //这个宏尽量避免早期库和现代库的冲突
	#include <windows.h>//早期
	#include <WinSock2.h>//现代
	#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")//也可以在属性中添加库
#else 
	#include <unistd.h> //uni std
	#include <arpa/inet.h>
	#include <string.h>

	#define SOCKET int
	#define INVALID_SOCKET (SOCKET)(~0)		//（-1）
	#define SOCKET_ERROR (-1)
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <thread>



enum CMD
{
	CMD_LOGIN,
	CMD_LOGIN_RESULT,
	CMD_LOGOUT,
	CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT,
	CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN,
	CMD_ERROR
};
//包头
struct DataHeader
{
	short dataLength;//长度
	short cmd;//命令
};
//DataPackage
struct Login : public DataHeader
{
	Login()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(Login);
		cmd = CMD_LOGIN;
	}
	char userName[32];
	char PassWord[32];
};
struct LoginResult : public DataHeader
{
	LoginResult()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(LoginResult);
		cmd = CMD_LOGIN_RESULT;
		result = 0;
	}
	int result;
};
struct Logout : public DataHeader
{
	Logout()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(Logout);
		cmd = CMD_LOGOUT;
	}
	char userName[32];
};
struct LogoutResult : public DataHeader
{
	LogoutResult()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(LogoutResult);
		cmd = CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT;
		result = 0;
	}
	int result;
};

struct NewUserJoin : public DataHeader
{
	NewUserJoin()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(NewUserJoin);
		cmd = CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN;
		sock = 0;
	}
	int sock;
};

int process(SOCKET _cSock)
{
	//缓冲区
	char szRecv[1024] = {};
	//5.接受客户端数据
	int nLen = recv(_cSock, szRecv, sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
	DataHeader* header = (DataHeader*)szRecv;

	if (nLen <= 0)
	{
		printf("与服务器断开连接，任务结束\n");
		return -1;
	}
	switch (header->cmd)
	{
	case CMD_LOGIN_RESULT:
	{
		recv(_cSock, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
		LoginResult* login = (LoginResult*)szRecv;
		printf("收到服务端消息：CMD_LOGIN_RESULT 数据长度:%d\n", login->dataLength);
	}
	break;
	case CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT:
	{
		recv(_cSock, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
		LogoutResult* logout = (LogoutResult*)szRecv;
		printf("收到服务端消息：CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT 数据长度:%d\n", logout->dataLength);
	}
	break;
	case CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN:
	{
		recv(_cSock, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
		NewUserJoin* userJoin = (NewUserJoin*)szRecv;
		printf("收到服务端消息：CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN 数据长度:%d\n", header->dataLength);
	}
	break;
	}

}

bool g_bRun = true;

void cmdThread(SOCKET sock)
{
	while (true)
	{
		char cmdBuf[256] = {};
		scanf("%s", cmdBuf);
		if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "exit"))
		{
			g_bRun = false;
			printf("退出cmdThread线程\n");
			break;
		}
		else if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "login"))
		{
			Login login;
			strcpy(login.userName, "Dragon");
			strcpy(login.PassWord, "Dragonpwd");
			send(sock, (const char*)&login, sizeof(Login), 0);
		}
		else if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "logout"))
		{
			Logout logout;
			strcpy(logout.userName, "Dragon");
			send(sock, (const char*)&logout, sizeof(Logout), 0);
		}
		else
		{
			printf("不支持的命令\n");
		}
	}
}

int main()
{
#ifdef _WIN32
	WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2, 2);//版本号
	WSADATA dat;
	WSAStartup(ver, &dat);
#endif
	//------------------------------------
	//1.建立一个socket
	SOCKET _sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (INVALID_SOCKET == _sock)
	{
		printf("错误，建立socket失败...\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("建立socket成功...\n");
	}
	//2.连接服务器 connect
	sockaddr_in _sin = {};
	_sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	_sin.sin_port = htons(4567);
#ifdef _WIN32
	_sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
#else
	_sin.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.136.1");
#endif
	int ret = connect(_sock + 1, (sockaddr*)&_sin, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == ret)
	{
		printf("错误，连接服务器失败...\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("连接服务器成功...\n");
	}

	//启动线程
	std::thread t1(cmdThread, _sock);
	t1.detach();

	while (g_bRun)
	{
		fd_set fdReads;
		FD_ZERO(&fdReads);
		FD_SET(_sock, &fdReads);
		timeval t = { 1,0 };
		int ret = select(_sock, &fdReads, 0, 0, &t);
		if (ret < 0)
		{
			printf("select任务结束[1]...\n");
			break;
		}
		if (FD_ISSET(_sock, &fdReads))
		{
			FD_CLR(_sock, &fdReads);

			if (-1 == process(_sock))
			{
				printf("select任务结束[2]\n");
			}
		}
		//线程thread

		//printf("空闲时间处理其他业务...\n");

	}
	//7.关闭套接字closesocket
#ifdef _WIN32
	closesocket(_sock);
	WSACleanup();
#else 
	close(_sock);
#endif
	printf("已退出\n");
	getchar();
	return 0;
}