SpringMVC03--SSM整合开发

SSM 编程，即 SpringMVC + Spring + MyBatis 整合，是当前最为流行的 JavaEE 开发技术架构。其实SSM整合的实质，仅仅就是将MyBatis整合入Spring。因为 SpringMVC 原本就是Spring 的一部分，不用专门整合。
SSM 整合的实现方式可分为两种：基于 XML 配置方式，基于注解方式。

1.1 搭建SSM开发环境

1.1.1 Maven依赖

pom.xml

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--servlet依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- jsp依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.1-b03</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- web依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 事务依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- json依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- spring-mybatis整合依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- mybatis依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.5.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 数据库连接依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>8.0.27</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.12</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory><!--所在的目录-->
        <includes><!--包括目录下的.properties,.xml 文件都会扫描到-->
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory><!--所在的目录-->
        <includes><!--包括目录下的.properties,.xml 文件都会扫描到-->
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
    </resources>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.8</source>
          <target>1.8</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

1.1.2 配置web.xml

1）注册 ContextLoaderListener 监听器

<!--注册spring的监听器-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:conf/appliactionContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

注册 ServletContext 监听器的实现类 ContextLoaderListener，用于创建 Spring 容器及将创建好的 Spring 容器对象放入到 ServletContext 的作用域中。

2）注册字符集过滤器

<!--注册字符集过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

注册字符集过滤器，用于解决请求参数中携带中文时产生乱码问题。

3）配置中央调度器

配置中央调度器时需要注意，SpringMVC的配置文件名与其它Spring配置文件名不相同。这样做的目的是 Spring 容器创建管理 Spring 配置文件中的 bean， SpringMVC 容器中负责视图层 bean 的初始化。

<!--注册中央调度器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>myweb</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:conf/dispatcherServlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>myweb</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

1.2 SSM 整合注解开发

1.2.1 建立数据库表

1.2.2 编写配置文件

1）jdbc.properties

2）applicationContext.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--spring配置文件： 声明service，dao，工具类等对象-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:conf/jdbc.properties" />

    <!--声明数据源，连接数据库-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
          init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    </bean>

    <!--SqlSessionFactoryBean创建SqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:conf/mybatis.xml" />
    </bean>

    <!--声明mybatis的扫描器，创建dao对象-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.suyv.dao" />
    </bean>

    <!--声明service的注解@Service所在的包名位置-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.suyv.service" />
</beans>

3）dispatcherServlet.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--springmvc配置文件， 声明controller和其它web相关的对象-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.suyv.controller" />

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <mvc:annotation-driven />
</beans>

4）mybatis.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--设置别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <!--name:实体类所在的包名(不是实体类的包名也可以)-->
        <package name="com.suyv.domain"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <!--sql mapper(sql映射文件)的位置-->
    <mappers>
        <package name="com.suyv.dao"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

1.2.3 实体类Student

package com.suyv.domain;

public class Student {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String email;
    private Integer age;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

}

1.2.4 Dao接口和sql映射文件

1）studentDao.java

package com.suyv.dao;
import com.suyv.domain.Student;
import java.util.List;

public interface StudentDao {
    int insertStudent(Student student);
    List<Student> selectStudent();
}

2）StudentDao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.suyv.dao.StudentDao">
    <insert id="insertStudent" >
        insert into student(name,email,age) values (#{name},#{email},#{age})
    </insert>

    <select id="selectStudent" resultType="Student">
        select id,name,email,age from student order by id
    </select>

</mapper>

1.2.5 Service接口和实现类

1）StudentService

package com.suyv.service; 
import com.suyv.domain.Student;             
import java.util.List;

public interface StudentService {
    int addStudent(Student student);
    List<Student> findStudent();
}

2）StudentServiceImpl

package com.suyv.service.impl;

import com.suyv.dao.StudentDao;
import com.suyv.domain.Student;
import com.suyv.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {

    @Resource
    private StudentDao studentDao;

    @Override
    public int addStudent(Student student) {
        int nums = studentDao.insertStudent(student);
        return nums;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> findStudent() {
        return studentDao.selectStudent();
    }
}

1.2.6 处理器定义

1）StudentConreoller.java

package com.suyv.controller;

import com.suyv.domain.Student;
import com.suyv.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Controller
public class StudentController {

    @Resource
    private StudentService studentService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/addstudent.do")
    public ModelAndView addStudent(Student student){
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        String tips = "注册失败";
        //调用service处理student
        int nums = studentService.addStudent(student);
        if(nums > 0){
            //注册成功
            tips = "学生【" + student.getName() + "】注册成功";
        }
        mv.addObject("tips",tips);
        mv.setViewName("result");
        return mv;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/queryStudent.do")
    @ResponseBody
    public List<Student> queryStudent(){
        //参数检查， 简单的数据处理
        List<Student> students = studentService.findStudent();
        return students;
    }
}

1.2.7 定义视图-首页文件 — index.jsp

1.2.8 注册学生页面 — addStudent.jsp

<html>
<head>
    <title>注册学生</title>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>" />
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
    <form action="addstudent.do" method="post">
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>id：</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="id"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>姓名：</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="name"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>邮箱：</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="email"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>年龄：</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="age"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
                <td><input type="submit" value="注册"></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

1.2.9 浏览学生页面 — listStudent.jsp

<html>
<head>
    <title>查询学生ajax</title>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>" />
    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-3.4.1.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function(){
            //在当前页面dom对象加载后，执行loadStudentData（）
            loadStudentData();
            $("#btnLoader").click(function(){
                loadStudentData();
            })
        })

        function loadStudentData(){
            $.ajax({
                url:"queryStudent.do",
                type:"get",
                dataType:"json",
                success:function(data){
                    //清除旧的数据
                    $("#info").html("");
                    //增加新的数据
                    $.each(data,function(i,n){
                        $("#info").append("<tr>")
                            .append("<td>"+n.id+"</td>")
                            .append("<td>"+n.name+"</td>")
                            .append("<td>"+n.email+"</td>")
                            .append("<td>"+n.age+"</td>")
                            .append("</tr>")
                    })
                }
            })
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
    <table>
        <thead>
        <tr>
            <td>学号</td>
            <td>姓名</td>
            <td>邮箱</td>
            <td>年龄</td>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody id="info">
        </tbody>
    </table>
    <input type="button" id="btnLoader" value="查询数据">
</div>
</body>
</html>

1.2.10 注册结果页面 — result.jsp

1.2.11 运行结果

1）index.jsp页面：

2）注册学生页面：

3）注册成功页面：

4）浏览学生页面：