[后端开发] 系统常用sql查询2

1. sqlserver查看实例级别的信息，使用SERVERPROPERTY函数
   select SERVERPROPERTY (‘propertyname’)2. 查看实例级别的某个参数XX的配置select * from sys.configurations where name=‘XX’3. 更改实例级别的某个参数XX的值sp_configure ‘XX’,‘0’RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDEsp_configure显示或更改当前服务器的全局配置设置。RECONFIGURE表示SQL Server不用重新启动就立即生效 。使用sp_configure更改设置时，请使用RECONFIGURE语句使更改立即生效，否则更改将在SQL Server重新启动后生效。RECONFIGURE后面加WITH OVERRIDE表示不管这个值是不是符合要求都会生效，比如recovery interval的范围值是10–60对应sys.configurations.minimum是10、sys.configurations.maximum是60，如果sp_configure ‘recovery interval’, 75设置为75，超过了这个10–60规范，但是要让75生效，则必须加上WITH OVERRIDE。4. sqlserver没有系统表可以查询所有数据库下面对象，以下只能在当前数据库下面查select * from sys.all_objects --查询当前数据库的所有架构范围的对象select * from sys.sysobjects --查询当前数据库的所有对象–sys.all_objects、sys.sysobjects 这种的视图，在每个数据库的系统视图下面都有select * from sys.databases --在当前数据库下可以查询到所有数据库信息，包含是否on状态select * from sys.sysdatabases --在当前数据库下可以查询到所有数据库信息，不包含是否on状态，这个系统视图会在后续的版本中删除–sys.databases、sys.sysdatabases这种的视图，在每个数据库的系统视图下面都有sys.processes --没有这个视图select * from sys.sysprocesses --在当前数据库下可以查询所有正在SQL Server 实例上运行的进程的相关信息，也就是所有数据库上的线程，这个系统视图会在后续的版本中删除5. 全局系统视图、单个数据库系统视图sys.database_files --每个存储在数据库本身中的数据库文件在表中占用一行。这是一个基于每个数据库的视图。sys.master_files --master 数据库中的每个文件对应一行。这是一个系统范围视图。–sys.database_files、sys.master_files这种的视图，在每个数据库的系统视图下面都有6. 一些只存在msdb的系统表，而非系统视图dbo.backupsetdbo.log_shipping_secondarydbo.restorehistorydbo.sysjobsdbo.sysjobhistory–这些系统表只存在msdb数据库，使用的时候必须加上msdb前缀7. sp_lock、sp_who、sp_who2、sp_helptext等一些系统存储过程存在于每个数据库中8. sp_lock 报告有关锁的信息，会显示实例里面的所有数据库的锁信息、堵塞信息9. 提供有关当前用户、 会话和进程的实例中的信息，可以看到会话的状态running、SUSPENDED、sleeping、rollback，sp_who2通过CPUTime、DiskIO可以判断对应的transaction是否很大sp_whosp_who2sp_who2 active (可选参数LoginName, 或active代表活动会话数)CPUTime (进程占用的总CPU时间)DiskIO (进程对磁盘读的总次数)LastBatch (客户最后一次调用存储过程或者执行查询的时间)ProgramName (用来初始化连接的应用程序名称，或者主机名)10. 查看某个存储过程的内容sp_helptext pro_name11.显示某个线程号发送到sqlserver数据库的最后一个语句DBCC INPUTBUFFER12.假设查询到249被锁给堵塞了，查询被堵塞的SQL语句DBCC INPUTBUFFER (249)13. 查看某个数据库中是否存在活动事务，有活动事务就一定会写日志DBCC OPENTRAN (dbname)14. 监视日志空间DBCC SQLPERF (LOGSPACE)15. 查找无法重用日志中的空间的原因(日志无法截断导致日志文件越来越大，但是可用空间很小，无法收缩)select name,log_reuse_wait_desc from sys.databases16. 查看虚拟日志文件信息DBCC LOGINFO结果有多少行，代表有多少虚拟日志文件，活动的虚拟日志文件的状态(status)为217. 修复msdb数据库，比如ssms页面sql server agent丢失或看不了job view history等功能，说明msdb坏了，需要修复dbcc checkdb (msdb);18. 在您当前连接到的 SQL Server 数据库中生成一个手动检查点CHECKPOINT [ checkpoint_duration ]–checkpoint_duration表示以秒为单位指定手动检查点完成所需的时间，一般不使用这个参数，让数据库自己控制19. 查看数据库各种设置select name,State,user_access,is_read_only,recovery_model from sys.databases20. 查看某个数据库中是否存在会话select DB_NAME(dbid),* from sys.sysprocesses where dbid=db_id(‘dbname’)21. 查询当前阻塞的所有请求select * from sys.sysprocesses where blocked>0或SELECT t1.resource_type,db_name(t1.resource_database_id),t1.resource_associated_entity_id,t1.request_mode,t1.request_session_id,t2.blocking_session_id,t2.wait_duration_msFROM sys.dm_tran_locks as t1INNER JOIN sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks as t2ON t1.lock_owner_address = t2.resource_address;或select A.SPID as 被阻塞进程,a.CMD AS 正在执行的操作,b.spid AS 阻塞进程号,b.cmd AS 阻塞进程正在执行的操作from master…sysprocesses a,master…sysprocesses bwhere a.blocked<>0 and a.blocked= b.spid或SELECT session_Id,spid,ecid,DB_NAME (sp.dbid),nt_username,er.status,wait_type,[Individual Query] =SUBSTRING (qt.text,er.statement_start_offset / 2,( CASEWHEN er.statement_end_offset = -1THENLEN (CONVERT (NVARCHAR (MAX), qt.text)) * 2ELSEer.statement_end_offsetEND- er.statement_start_offset)/ 2),qt.text,program_name,Hostname,nt_domain,start_timeFROM sys.dm_exec_requests erINNER JOIN sys.sysprocesses sp ON er.session_id = sp.spidCROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text (er.sql_handle) AS qtWHERE session_Id > 50 /* Ignore system spids./AND sp.blocked>0 AND session_Id NOT IN (@@SPID)或SELECT session_id ,status ,blocking_session_id,wait_type ,wait_time ,wait_resource,transaction_idFROM sys.dm_exec_requestsWHERE status = N’suspended’;–sys.dm_exec_requests返回SQL Server 中正在执行的每个请求的信息22. 查看哪些表被锁了，以及这些表被哪个进程锁了select request_session_id spid,OBJECT_NAME(resource_associated_entity_id) tableNamefrom sys.dm_tran_locks where resource_type=‘OBJECT’ ORDER BY request_session_id ASC23. 查询某个job是否被堵塞select * from msdb.dbo.sysjobs where name='jobname’select a.program_name,a. from master…sysprocesses a where a.program_name like ‘%0D1CE57E8AC5%’–把第一个语句查询到的job_id代入第二个语句的program_name24. 检查SQL Agent是否开启IF EXISTS (SELECT TOP 1 1FROM sys.sysprocessesWHERE program_name = ‘SQLAgent - Generic Refresher’)SELECT ‘Running’ELSESELECT ‘Not Running’25. 查看活动线程执行的sql语句,并生成批量杀掉的语句select ‘KILL ‘+CAST(a.spid AS NVARCHAR(100)) AS KillCmd,REPLACE(hostname,’ ‘,’’) as hostname ,replace(program_name,’ ‘,’’) as program_name,REPLACE(loginame, ’ ‘, ‘’) AS loginame, db_name(a.dbid) AS DBname,spid,blocked,waittime/1000 as waittime,a.status,Replace(b.text,’’’’,’’’’) as sqlmessage,cpufrom sys.sysprocesses as a with(nolock)cross apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle) as bwhere a.status<>‘sleeping’ AND a.spid<>@@SPID26. 查看备份进度SELECT DB_NAME(database_id) AS Exec_DB,percent_complete,CASE WHEN estimated_completion_time < 36000000THEN ‘0’ ELSE ‘’ END + RTRIM(estimated_completion_time/1000/3600)+ ‘:’ + RIGHT(‘0’ + RTRIM((estimated_completion_time/1000)%3600/60), 2)+ ‘:’ + RIGHT(‘0’ + RTRIM((estimated_completion_time/1000)%60), 2) AS [Time Remaining],b.text as tsql,FROM SYS.DM_EXEC_REQUESTScross apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle) as bWHERE command LIKE ‘Backup%’ --and database_id=db_id(‘cardorder’)–OR command LIKE 'RESTORE%‘ORDER BY 2 DESC27. 查看恢复进度SELECT DB_NAME(database_id) AS Exec_DB,percent_complete,CASE WHEN estimated_completion_time < 36000000THEN ‘0’ ELSE ‘’ END + RTRIM(estimated_completion_time/1000/3600)+ ‘:’ + RIGHT(‘0’ + RTRIM((estimated_completion_time/1000)%3600/60), 2)+ ‘:’ + RIGHT(‘0’ + RTRIM((estimated_completion_time/1000)%60), 2) AS [Time Remaining],b.text as tsql,FROM SYS.DM_EXEC_REQUESTScross apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle) as bWHERE command LIKE ‘RESTORE%’ --and database_id=db_id(‘cardorder’)–OR command LIKE ‘RESTORE%‘ORDER BY 2 DESCSQLSERVER查看备份、还原进度SELECTDB_NAME(er.[database_id]) [DatabaseName],er.[command] AS [CommandType],er.start_time,er.[percent_complete],CONVERT(DECIMAL(38, 2), er.[total_elapsed_time] / 60000.00) AS [ElapsedTime_second],CONVERT(DECIMAL(38, 2), er.[estimated_completion_time] / 60000.00) AS [EstimatedCompletionTime_second]FROM sys.dm_exec_requests AS erWHERE er.[command] in ( ‘RESTORE DATABASE’ ,‘BACKUP DATABASE’)order by er.start_time desc28. 查看数据库的最近备份信息SELECT database_name,type,MAX(backup_finish_date) AS backup_finish_date FROM msdb.dbo.backupset GROUP BY database_name,type ORDER BY database_name,type备注：D 表示全备份，i 表示差异备份，L 表示日志备份29. 查看数据库的历史备份记录，并生成restore语句SELECTCONVERT(CHAR(100),SERVERPROPERTY(‘Servername’))AS Server,bs.database_name,bs.backup_start_date,bs.backup_finish_date,bs.expiration_date,CASE bs.typeWHEN ‘D’ THEN ‘Database’WHEN ‘L’ THEN ‘Log’END AS backup_type,bs.backup_size,bmf.logical_device_name,bmf.physical_device_name,bs.name AS backupset_name,bs.description,‘RESTORE DATABASE [’+bs.database_name+’] FROM DISK=N’’’+bmf.physical_device_name+ ‘’‘WITH NORECOVERY;‘FROM msdb.dbo.backupmediafamily bmfINNER JOIN msdb.dbo.backupset bsON bmf.media_set_id=bs.media_set_idWHERE bs.backup_start_date>DATEADD(DAY,-1,GETDATE())ORDER BY bs.backup_finish_date30. 查询XX库从YYYY-MM-DD日期开始的日志备份记录，并生成restore log的语句SELECT TOP 1000S.database_name [Database],CASE [S].[type] WHEN ‘L’ THEN N’RESTORE LOG ’ + QUOTENAME(S.database_name) + N’ FROM DISK = ‘’’ + F.physical_device_name + N’’’ WITH NORECOVERY;'END [LogRestore],F.physical_device_name,S.[Type],S.backup_start_date,S.backup_finish_dateFROM msdb.dbo.backupmediafamily FINNER JOIN msdb.dbo.backupset SON S.media_set_id = F.media_set_idWHERE S.database_name = ‘XX’ ANDS.type = ‘L’ AND S.backup_start_date > ‘YYYY-MM-DD’ ORDER BY S.backup_start_date ASC31. 查询always on状态是否正常select dc.database_name, d.synchronization_health_desc, d.synchronization_state_desc, d.database_state_desc from sys.dm_hadr_database_replica_states d join sys.availability_databases_cluster dc on d.group_database_id=dc.group_database_id and d.is_local=132. 查看mirror镜像信息SELECTdb_name(database_id),mirroring_state_desc,mirroring_role_desc,mirroring_partner_name,mirroring_partner_instanceFROM sys.database_mirroring33. 查询SSRS Report Subscriptions相关的jobSELECTb.name AS JobName, e.name, e.path, d.description, a.SubscriptionID, laststatus, eventtype, LastRunTime, date_created, date_modifiedFROMReportServer.dbo.ReportSchedule aJOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobs b ON CONVERT(SYSNAME,a.ScheduleID) = b.nameJOIN ReportServer.dbo.ReportSchedule c ON b.name = CONVERT(SYSNAME,c.ScheduleID)JOIN ReportServer.dbo.Subscriptions d ON c.SubscriptionID = d.SubscriptionIDJOIN ReportServer.dbo.Catalog e ON d.report_oid = e.itemidWHEREe.name = 'Report Name Goes Here’34. 查看某个数据库的数据文件信息，就算是mirror从库的数据文件也可以查到，filestream目录也可以查到SELECT db_name(database_id), FROM master.sys.master_files WHERE database_id =DB_ID(N’DBA’);35. 查看某个数据文件信息select b.name,a.type_desc,a.name,a.physical_name,a.size,a.max_size,a.is_percent_growth,a.growth from sys.master_files a join sys.databases b on a.database_id=b.database_id and a.physical_name like '%DTSWonda_1%'36. 查询实例的数据文件总大小SELECT sum(size8/1024/1024) FROM master.sys.master_files37. 查询某个目录中数据库使用的总大小SELECT a.size8/1024/1024 ,a. FROM master.sys.master_files a WHERE physical_name like 'G:\DEFAULT.DATA%‘38. 查询某个目录中哪些数据库占用了8G以上容量SELECT b.name dbname,a.size8/1024/1024 sum_GB,a.type_desc,a.name datafilename,a.physical_name FROM master.sys.master_files a join sys.sysdatabases b on a.database_id=b.dbid and a.physical_name like ‘G:\DEFAULT.DATA%’ and a.size8/1024/1024>839. 查询实例上的每个数据库的大小SELECTDB_NAME(db.database_id) DatabaseName,(CAST(mfrows.RowSize AS FLOAT)*8)/1024 RowSizeMB,(CAST(mflog.LogSize AS FLOAT)*8)/1024 LogSizeMB,(CAST(mfstream.StreamSize AS FLOAT)*8)/1024 StreamSizeMB,(CAST(mftext.TextIndexSize AS FLOAT)8)/1024 TextIndexSizeMBFROM sys.databases dbLEFT JOIN (SELECT database_id, SUM(size) RowSize FROM sys.master_files WHERE type = 0 GROUP BY database_id, type) mfrows ON mfrows.database_id = db.database_idLEFT JOIN (SELECT database_id, SUM(size) LogSize FROM sys.master_files WHERE type = 1 GROUP BY database_id, type) mflog ON mflog.database_id = db.database_idLEFT JOIN (SELECT database_id, SUM(size) StreamSize FROM sys.master_files WHERE type = 2 GROUP BY database_id, type) mfstream ON mfstream.database_id = db.database_idLEFT JOIN (SELECT database_id, SUM(size) TextIndexSize FROM sys.master_files WHERE type = 4 GROUP BY database_id, type) mftext ON mftext.database_id = db.database_id40. 查询总耗CPU最多的前3个SQL，且最近5天出现过SELECT TOP 3total_worker_time/1000 AS [总消耗CPU 时间(ms)],execution_count [运行次数],qs.total_worker_time/qs.execution_count/1000 AS [平均消耗CPU 时间(ms)],last_execution_time AS [最后一次执行时间],max_worker_time /1000 AS [最大执行时间(ms)],SUBSTRING(qt.text,qs.statement_start_offset/2+1,(CASE WHEN qs.statement_end_offset = -1THEN DATALENGTH(qt.text)ELSE qs.statement_end_offset END -qs.statement_start_offset)/2 + 1)AS [使用CPU的语法], qt.text [完整语法],qt.dbid, dbname=db_name(qt.dbid),qt.objectid,object_name(qt.objectid,qt.dbid) ObjectNameFROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats qs WITH(nolock)CROSS apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(qs.sql_handle) AS qtWHERE execution_count>1 and last_execution_time>dateadd(dd,-5,getdate())ORDER BY total_worker_time DESC41. 查询平均耗CPU最多的前3个SQL，且最近5小时出现过SELECT TOP 3total_worker_time/1000 AS [总消耗CPU 时间(ms)],execution_count [运行次数],qs.total_worker_time/qs.execution_count/1000 AS [平均消耗CPU 时间(ms)],last_execution_time AS [最后一次执行时间],min_worker_time /1000 AS [最小执行时间(ms)],max_worker_time /1000 AS [最大执行时间(ms)],SUBSTRING(qt.text,qs.statement_start_offset/2+1,(CASE WHEN qs.statement_end_offset = -1THEN DATALENGTH(qt.text)ELSE qs.statement_end_offset END -qs.statement_start_offset)/2 + 1)AS [使用CPU的语法], qt.text [完整语法],qt.dbid, dbname=db_name(qt.dbid),qt.objectid,object_name(qt.objectid,qt.dbid) ObjectNameFROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats qs WITH(nolock)CROSS apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(qs.sql_handle) AS qtWHERE execution_count>1 and last_execution_time>dateadd(hh,-5,getdate())ORDER BY (qs.total_worker_time/qs.execution_count/1000) DESC42. 查看当前最耗资源的10个SQL及其spidSELECT TOP 10session_id,request_id,start_time AS ‘开始时间’,status AS ‘状态’,command AS ‘命令’,d_sql.text AS ‘sql语句’, DB_NAME(database_id) AS ‘数据库名’,blocking_session_id AS ‘正在阻塞其他会话的会话ID’,wait_type AS ‘等待资源类型’,wait_time AS ‘等待时间’,wait_resource AS ‘等待的资源’,reads AS ‘物理读次数’,writes AS ‘写次数’,logical_reads AS ‘逻辑读次数’,row_count AS '返回结果行数’FROM sys.dm_exec_requests AS d_requestCROSS APPLYsys.dm_exec_sql_text(d_request.sql_handle) AS d_sqlWHERE session_id>50ORDER BY cpu_time DESC–前50号session_id一般是系统后台进程，sys.dm_exec_requests的status显示为background43. 查询某个存储过程被哪些job调用了SELECT FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs JOB WITH( NOLOCK)INNER JOIN msdb. dbo.sysjobsteps STP WITH(NOLOCK )ON STP .job_id = JOB .job_idWHERE STP .command LIKE N’%sp_name%’–以上要查询某个job被哪个job调用了，把sp_name存储过程名字改成job_name作业名字即可44. 命令执行某个jobEXECUTE msdb.dbo.sp_start_job N’job_name’45. 查询某表标识列的列名SELECT COLUMN_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.columns WHERE TABLE_NAME=‘表名’ AND COLUMNPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID(‘表名’),COLUMN_NAME,‘IsIdentity’)=146. 获取标识列的种子值SELECT IDENT_SEED (‘表名’)47. 获取标识列的递增量SELECT IDENT_INCR(‘表名’)48. 获取指定表中最后生成的标识值SELECT IDENT_CURRENT(‘表名’)49. 重新设置标识种子值为XXDBCC CHECKIDENT (表名, RESEED, XX)50. 升级前，查询服务器名、实例名、版本号select SERVERPROPERTY(‘machinename’),@@SERVERNAME,SERVERPROPERTY (‘edition’),@@version51. 用户被grant这样操作赋予的权限use dbnameexec sp_helprotect @username = 'username’52. 授予某个用户执行某个数据库的sp的权限use dbnamegrant execute to "username"53. always on-查看集群各节点的信息，包含节点成员的名称，类型，状态，拥有的投票仲裁数SELECT * FROM sys.dm_hadr_cluster_members;-查看集群各节点的信息，包含节点成员的名称，节点成员上的sql实例名称select * from sys.dm_hadr_instance_node_map-查看WSFC(windows server故障转移群集)的信息，包含集群名称，仲裁类型，仲裁状态SELECT * FROM SYS.dm_hadr_cluster;-查看AG名称select * from sys.dm_hadr_name_id_map-查看集群各节点的子网信息，包含节点成员的名称，子网段，子网掩码SELECT * FROM sys.dm_hadr_cluster_networks;-查看侦听ipselect * from sys.availability_group_listeners;-查看主从各节点的状态select d.is_local,dc.database_name, d.synchronization_health_desc,d.synchronization_state_desc, d.database_state_descfrom sys.dm_hadr_database_replica_states djoin sys.availability_databases_cluster dcon d.group_database_id=dc.group_database_id;-查看辅助副本(传说中的从库)延迟多少M日志量select db_name(database_id),log_send_queue_size/1024 delay_M,from sys.dm_hadr_database_replica_states where is_primary_replica=0;select ar.replica_server_name, db_name(drs.database_id),drs.truncation_lsn,drs.log_send_queue_size, drs.redo_queue_sizefrom sys.dm_hadr_database_replica_states drsjoin sys.availability_replicas ar on drs.replica_id=ar.replica_id where drs.is_local=0;select ar.replica_server_name, db_name(drs.database_id),drs.truncation_lsn,drs.log_send_queue_size,drs.log_send_rate, drs.redo_queue_size,drs.redo_ratefrom sys.dm_hadr_database_replica_states drsjoin sys.availability_replicas ar on drs.replica_id=ar.replica_id where drs.is_local=0–log_send_queue_size 主数据库中尚未发送到辅助数据库的日志记录量 (KB)–log_send_rate 在最后一个活动期间，以千字节 (KB) 的平均主副本发送实例数据的速率/秒–redo_queue_size 在最后一个活动期间，以千字节 (KB) 的平均主副本发送实例数据的速率/秒–redo_rate 平均千字节 (KB) 中的给定辅助数据库做的日志记录速率 / 秒54. 查询实例的FILESTREAM 使用的DIRECTORY_NAMESELECT SERVERPROPERTY(‘FilestreamShareName’)55. 查询FILETABLE表的数据库对应的DIRECTORY_NAMEselect db_name(database_id), from sys.database_filestream_options仅仅使用filestream功能时，数据库不需要对应的DIRECTORY_NAME56. 查询FILETABLE表对应的DIRECTORY_NAMEselect object_name(object_id), from sys.filetables57. 查询filetable表testdb.dbo.table1中的文件完整路径名称SELECT FileTableRootPath()+[file_stream].GetFileNamespacePath(),name FROM testdb.dbo.table158. 查询所有job的状态是否runningSELECT sj.Name,CASEWHEN sja.start_execution_date IS NULL THEN ‘Not running’ WHEN sja.start_execution_date IS NOT NULL AND sja.stop_execution_date IS NULL THEN ‘Running’ WHEN sja.start_execution_date IS NOT NULL AND sja.stop_execution_date IS NOT NULL THEN 'Not running’END AS 'RunStatus’FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs sjJOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobactivity sjaON sj.job_id = sja.job_idWHERE session_id = (SELECT MAX(session_id) FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobactivity) order by RunStatus desc;59. 锁表的四种用法TABLOCKXSELECT * FROM table WITH (TABLOCKX)查询过程中，其他会话无法查询、更新此表，直到查询过程结束TABLOCKSELECT * FROM table WITH (TABLOCK)查询过程中，其他会话可以查询，但是无法更新此表，直到查询过程结束HOLDLOCKSELECT * FROM table WITH (HOLDLOCK)查询过程中，其他会话可以查询，但是无法更新此表，直到查询过程结束NOLOCKSELECT * FROM table WITH (NOLOCK)查询过程中，其他会话可以查询、更新此表60. 查询某个发布XX，发布的数据库对象的2种方法发布数据库上执行(数据来源这三张表distribution.dbo.MSpublications、distribution.dbo.MSarticles、sysarticlecolumns)select a.article,a.source_object,a.destination_object,b.colid from(select article,article_id,source_object,destination_objectfrom [distribution].[dbo].MSarticles where publication_id in( select publication_id from[distribution].[dbo].MSpublications where publication=‘XX’)) ainner join(select * from replicate1.dbo.sysarticlecolumns) bon a.article_id=b.artid order by a.article订阅数据库上执行select distinct article from MSreplication_objects where publication='XX’61. 查询发布信息，发布名称，发布名称对应的发布序号Select * from distribution.dbo.MSpublications62. 查询发布名里面的发布对象的信息，包含表、视图、存储过程等Select * from distribution.dbo.MSarticles63. 监控发布订阅是否有异常，执行以下5条语句即可select * from [distribution].[dbo].[MSlogreader_history] WHERE error_id != 0 AND [time] >= DATEADD(HOUR, -1, GETDATE())select * from [distribution].[dbo].[MSdistribution_history] WHERE error_id != 0 AND [time] >= DATEADD(HOUR, -1, GETDATE())select * from [distribution].[dbo].[MSsnapshot_history] WHERE error_id != 0 AND [time] >= DATEADD(HOUR, -1, GETDATE())select * from [distribution].[dbo].MSrepl_errors order by 2 descselect * from msdb.dbo.sysreplicationalerts order by 7 desc64. 查询XX表的索引信息SELECT a.name index_name,c.name table_name,d.name column_nameFROM sysindexes a JOIN sysindexkeys bON a.id=b.id AND a.indid=b.indidJOIN sysobjects cON b.id=c.idJOIN syscolumns dON b.id=d.id= AND b.colid=d.colidWHERE a.indid NOT IN(0,255) AND c.name in (‘XX’)65. 生成sql语句的执行计划(select XXX为例，当然select XXX也可以换成执行存储过程比如exec pro_XXX，都是只生成执行计划，不产生结果集，不会执行存储过程)SET SHOWPLAN_ALL ON;GOselect XXXGOSET SHOWPLAN_ALL OFF;GO或SET SHOWPLAN_XML ON;GOselect XXXGOSET SHOWPLAN_XML OFF;GO66. 查询名称为XXX的job的最后一次运行成功的时间SELECT TOP 1 CONVERT(DATETIME, RTRIM(run_date))+ ((run_time / 10000 * 3600) + ((run_time % 10000) / 100 * 60) + (run_time % 10000) % 100) / (86399.9964)FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory jobhis inner join msdb.dbo.sysjobs jobson jobhis.job_id = jobs.job_id AND jobhis.step_id = 0 AND jobhis.run_status = 1and jobs.name='XXX’ORDER BY 1 DESC67. 查询某张分区表的总行数和大小，比如表为crm.EmailLogexec sp_spaceused ‘crm.EmailLog’;68. 查询某张分区表的信息，每个分区有多少行，比如表为crm.EmailLogselect convert(varchar(50), ps.name) as partition_scheme,p.partition_number,convert(varchar(10), ds2.name) as filegroup,convert(varchar(19), isnull(v.value, ‘’), 120) as range_boundary,str(p.rows, 9) as rowsfrom sys.indexes ijoin sys.partition_schemes ps on i.data_space_id = ps.data_space_idjoin sys.destination_data_spaces ddson ps.data_space_id = dds.partition_scheme_idjoin sys.data_spaces ds2 on dds.data_space_id = ds2.data_space_idjoin sys.partitions p on dds.destination_id = p.partition_numberand p.object_id = i.object_id and p.index_id = i.index_idjoin sys.partition_functions pf on ps.function_id = pf.function_idLEFT JOIN sys.Partition_Range_values v on pf.function_id = v.function_idand v.boundary_id = p.partition_number - pf.boundary_value_on_rightWHERE i.object_id = object_id(‘crm.EmailLog’)and i.index_id in (0, 1)order by p.partition_number69. 查询分区函数select * from sys.partition_functions70. 查看分区架构select * from sys.partition_schemes71. 查询ssis包的信息select * from msdb.dbo.sysssispackages72. 查询某张表里的索引的大小,如下示例表为dbo.table1SELECTi.name AS IndexName,SUM(page_count * 8) AS IndexSizeKBFROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(db_id(), object_id(‘dbo.table1’), NULL, NULL, ‘DETAILED’) AS sJOIN sys.indexes AS iON s.[object_id] = i.[object_id] AND s.index_id = i.index_idGROUP BY i.nameORDER BY i.name73. 重建表上的所有索引alter index all on table_name rebuild with (online=on)重建表上的某个索引alter index index_name on table_name rebuild with (online=on)重新组织表上的所有索引alter index all on table_name reorganize重新组织表上的某个索引alter index index_name on table_name reorganize74. 查看数据文件可收缩空间，结果见Availabesize_MB字段值select name ,size8/1024 as Totalsize_MB ,CAST(FILEPROPERTY(name,‘SpaceUsed’) AS int)8/1024 as Usedsize_MB,size8/1024 - CAST(FILEPROPERTY(name, ‘SpaceUsed’) AS int)*8/1024 AS Availabesize_MBfrom sys.master_files where database_id=db_id(N’DBNAME’)75. 查询某个表中的全部索引的信息declare @tableName varchar(50) = 'LbaListAlertDetail’declare @tableId intselect @tableId = object_idfrom sys.objectswhere name = @tableNameSELECT OBJECT_NAME(IX.OBJECT_ID) Table_Name,IX.name AS Index_Name,IX.type_desc Index_Type,SUM(PS.[used_page_count]) * 8 IndexSizeKB,IXUS.user_seeks AS NumOfSeeks,IXUS.user_scans AS NumOfScans,IXUS.user_lookups AS NumOfLookups,IXUS.user_updates AS NumOfUpdates,IXUS.last_user_seek AS LastSeek,IXUS.last_user_scan AS LastScan,IXUS.last_user_lookup AS LastLookup,IXUS.last_user_update AS LastUpdateFROM sys.indexes IXINNER JOIN sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats IXUS ON IXUS.index_id = IX.index_id AND IXUS.OBJECT_ID = IX.OBJECT_IDINNER JOIN sys.dm_db_partition_stats PS on PS.object_id=IX.object_idWHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(IX.OBJECT_ID,‘IsUserTable’) = 1and IX.OBJECT_ID = @tableIdGROUP BY OBJECT_NAME(IX.OBJECT_ID) ,IX.name ,IX.type_desc ,IXUS.user_seeks ,IXUS.user_scans ,IXUS.user_lookups,IXUS.user_updates ,IXUS.last_user_seek ,IXUS.last_user_scan ,IXUS.last_user_lookup ,IXUS.last_user_updatesqlserver中类似oracle的dba_source的视图是sys.sql_modules76. 查询某个数据库下的表数据占用磁盘容量最大的10张表use XXif exists(select 1 from tempdb…sysobjects where id=object_id(‘tempdb…#tabName’) and xtype=‘u’)drop table #tabNamegocreate table #tabName(table_name varchar(100),rowsNum varchar(100),reserved_size varchar(100),data_size varchar(100),index_size varchar(100),unused_size varchar(100))declare @name varchar(100)declare cur cursor forselect name from sysobjects where xtype=‘u’ order by nameopen curfetch next from cur into @namewhile @@fetch_status=0begininsert into #tabNameexec sp_spaceused @namefetch next from cur into @nameendclose curdeallocate curselect top 10 table_name, data_size,rowsNum ,index_size,unused_size ,reserved_size,convert(int,SUBSTRING(data_size,0,LEN(data_size)-2)) sizefrom #tabName ORDER BY size desc或select top 10 a.tablename,a.SCHEMANAME,sum(a.TotalSpaceMB) TotalSpaceMB,sum(a.RowCounts) RowCountsfrom (SELECTt.NAME AS TableName,s.Name AS SchemaName,p.rows AS RowCounts,SUM(a.total_pages) * 8 AS TotalSpaceKB,CAST(ROUND(((SUM(a.total_pages) * 8) / 1024.00), 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS TotalSpaceMB,SUM(a.used_pages) * 8 AS UsedSpaceKB,CAST(ROUND(((SUM(a.used_pages) * 8) / 1024.00), 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS UsedSpaceMB,(SUM(a.total_pages) - SUM(a.used_pages)) * 8 AS UnusedSpaceKB,CAST(ROUND(((SUM(a.total_pages) - SUM(a.used_pages)) * 8) / 1024.00, 2) AS NUMERIC(36, 2)) AS UnusedSpaceMBFROMsys.tables tINNER JOINsys.indexes i ON t.OBJECT_ID = i.object_idINNER JOINsys.partitions p ON i.object_id = p.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = p.index_idINNER JOINsys.allocation_units a ON p.partition_id = a.container_idLEFT OUTER JOINsys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_idWHEREt.NAME NOT LIKE 'dt%‘AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0AND i.OBJECT_ID > 255GROUP BYt.Name, s.Name, p.Rows) aGROUP BY a.tablename,a.SCHEMANAMEorder by sum(a.TotalSpaceMB) desc–这个比上一个专业77. 查询某个数据库中是否有create index ‘+name+ CHAR(10)select ‘use ‘+name+ CHAR(10) +‘select DB_NAME(),OBJECT_NAME(OBJECT_ID),definition from ‘+name+’.sys.sql_modulesWHERE objectproperty(OBJECT_ID, ‘‘IsProcedure’’) = 1AND definition like ‘’%online%=%on%’’ and definition like ‘’%index%’’’ from sys.databases;78. 根据id号查询某个数据库名SELECT DB_NAME(18)根据id号查询某个对象名SELECT OBJECT_NAME(1769220894)79. 查看收缩的进度100%，此语句要到指定的数据库下执行SELECT DB_NAME(database_id) AS Exec_DB,percent_complete,CASE WHEN estimated_completion_time < 36000000THEN ‘0’ ELSE ‘’ END + RTRIM(estimated_completion_time/1000/3600)+ ‘:’ + RIGHT(‘0’ + RTRIM((estimated_completion_time/1000)%3600/60), 2)+ ‘:’ + RIGHT(‘0’ + RTRIM((estimated_completion_time/1000)%60), 2) AS [Time Remaining],b.text as tsql,*FROM SYS.DM_EXEC_REQUESTScross apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle) as bWHERE command LIKE ‘DbccFilesCompact%’ --and database_id=db_id(‘cardorder’)ORDER BY 2 DESC80. 查看重新组织索引的100%进度SELECT DB_NAME(database_id) AS Exec_DB,percent_complete,CASE WHEN estimated_completion_time < 36000000THEN ‘0’ ELSE ‘’ END + RTRIM(estimated_completion_time/1000/3600)+ ‘:’ + RIGHT(‘0’ + RTRIM((estimated_completion_time/1000)%3600/60), 2)+ ‘:’ + RIGHT(‘0’ + RTRIM((estimated_completion_time/1000)%60), 2) AS [Time Remaining],b.text as tsql,*FROM SYS.DM_EXEC_REQUESTScross apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle) as bWHERE command LIKE ‘%REORGANIZE%’ --and database_id=db_id(‘cardorder’)ORDER BY 2 DESC81. 查看存储过程的执行计划SELECT d.object_id , DB_NAME(d.database_id) DBName , OBJECT_NAME(object_id, database_id) ‘SPName’ , d.cached_time , d.last_execution_time , d.total_elapsed_time/1000000 AS total_elapsed_time, d.total_elapsed_time / d.execution_count/1000000 AS [avg_elapsed_time] , d.last_elapsed_time/1000000 AS last_elapsed_time, d.execution_count , d.total_physical_reads , d.last_physical_reads , d.total_logical_writes , d.last_logical_reads , et.text SQLText , eqp.query_plan executionplanFROM sys.dm_exec_procedure_stats AS dCROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(d.sql_handle) etCROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan(d.plan_handle) eqpWHERE OBJECT_NAME(object_id, database_id) = 'xxxx’ORDER BY [total_worker_time] DESC;82. 查看当前用户select system_user83. 查询ddl修改操作的记录-执行如下找到trace文件的目录和名称select * from Sys.traces-使用sqlserver profiler工具打开trace文件，就可以查到相关记录查看下实例名，网络名SELECT @@SERVERNAME as InstalledName, SERVERPROPERTY(‘SERVERNAME’) as NetworkName