Springboot基础学习

有点尴尬 2020-12-04 00:55:17

分类专栏：代码案例

最后发布:2020-12-04 00:55:17首次发布:2020-12-04 00:55:17

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_48345555/article/details/110601712

版权

在这里插入图片描述
pom：方式一

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
</parent>

pom:方式二

<dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

application.properties(yml) 同一配置

#mybatis配置
spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/spring?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root1234%

mybatis.mapperLocations=classpath:mapping/ *.xml
#mybatis配置结束


# REDIS开始
# Redis数据库索引（默认为0）
spring.redis.database=0
# Redis服务器地址
spring.redis.host=127.0.0.1
# Redis服务器连接端口
spring.redis.port=6379
# Redis服务器连接密码（默认为空）
spring.redis.password=
# 连接超时时间（毫秒）
spring.redis.timeout=5000
# REDIS结束

## rabbitmq config
spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=enjoy
spring.rabbitmq.password=123456

一、快速入门

1 pom文件

 <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
	  <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
	<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2 启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    	SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
    }
}

3 Controller

package cn.enjoy.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public Object sayHello() {
        return "hello";
    }
}

4 浏览器访问 localhost:8080/hello

二、集成 mybatis

1 pom添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
         <groupId>mysql</groupId>
         <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>

2 启动类上增加@MapperScan扫描注解

@MapperScan("cn.enjoy.dao")
或者在每个dao类上写@Mapper注解

三、单元测试

pom依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>

@SpringBootTest(classes = {App.class})
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class UserTest {

    @Resource
    private UsersMapper usersMapper;

    @Test
    public void testAdd() {
        Users user = new Users() ;
        user.setPasswd("123");
        user.setUsername("enjoy");
        usersMapper.insertSelective(user);
    }
}

四、事务

在方法上增加 @Transactional 注解

五、全局异常处理

@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public Object defaultErrorHandler(HttpServletRequest req, Exception e) throws Exception {
        e.printStackTrace();
        return "我是个异常处理类";
    }
}

六、404请求不存在问题处理

@Bean
public WebServerFactoryCustomizer<ConfigurableWebServerFactory> webServerFactoryCustomizer(){
    return (factory->{
        ErrorPage error404Page = new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "/404.do");
        factory.addErrorPages( error404Page);
    });
}

@RestController
public class BaseController {

    @RequestMapping("/404.do")
    public Object error_404() {
        return "醋味";
    }
}

//WebServerFactoryCustomizer这种配置方式是在SpringBoot2之后才这样配置的，在1.X的版本需要用到的是EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer 
@Bean
public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer containerCustomizer() {
    return (container -> {
        ErrorPage error404Page = new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "/404.do");
        container.addErrorPages( error404Page);
     });
}

七、集成Swagger2

pom依赖

<dependency>
 <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
    <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
    <version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
    <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
    <version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>

配置类

package cn.enjoy.utils;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;

@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class SwaggerConfig {

    @Bean
    public Docket createRestApi() {
        return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                .apiInfo(apiInfo())
                .select()
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("cn.enjoy"))// 指定扫描包下面的注解
                .paths(PathSelectors.any())
                .build();
    }
    // 创建api的基本信息
    private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
        return new ApiInfoBuilder()
                .title("集成Swagger2构建RESTful APIs")
                .description("集成Swagger2构建RESTful APIs")
                .termsOfServiceUrl("http://www.xiangxueketang.cn/")
                .contact(new Contact("enjoy","cn.xiangxueketang","enjoy@enjoy.cn"))
                .version("1.0.0")
                .build();
    }
}

使用方式

@ApiOperation(value="获取用户信息", notes="根据id来获取用户详细信息")
@ApiImplicitParam(name="id", value="用户ID", required=true, dataType="String")
@RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method= RequestMethod.GET)
public Map<String,String> getInfo(@PathVariable String id) {
    Map<String ,String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
    map.put("name", "lison");
    map.put("age", "38");
    return map;
}

八、日志集成

pom依赖

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   <exclusions>
       <exclusion>
           <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
       </exclusion>
   </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
</dependency>

在classpath下增加log4j.properties文件

log4j.rootCategory=INFO, stdout, file, errorfile
log4j.category.cn.enjoy=INFO, myFile
log4j.logger.error=errorfile

# 控制台输出
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n

# root日志输出
log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.file.file=logs/all.log
log4j.appender.file.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n

# error日志输出
log4j.appender.errorfile=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.errorfile.file=logs/error.log
log4j.appender.errorfile.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.errorfile.Threshold = ERROR
log4j.appender.errorfile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.errorfile.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n

# cn.enjoy下的日志输出
log4j.appender.myFile=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.myFile.file=logs/my.log
log4j.appender.myFile.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.myFile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.myFile.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} %5p %c{1}:%L ---- %m%n

//在代码中使用
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
private final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(xxx.class);

aop 处理日志

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
 </dependency>

package cn.enjoy.utils;

import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.Enumeration;


@Aspect
@Component
public class WebLogAspect {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebLogAspect.class);

    @Pointcut("execution(public * cn.enjoy.controller.*.*(..))")
    public void webLog() {
    }

    @Before("webLog()")
    public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
        // 接收到请求，记录请求内容
        ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
        // 记录下请求内容
        logger.info("URL : " + request.getRequestURL().toString());
        logger.info("HTTP_METHOD : " + request.getMethod());
        logger.info("IP : " + request.getRemoteAddr());
        Enumeration<String> enu = request.getParameterNames();
        while (enu.hasMoreElements()) {
            String name = (String) enu.nextElement();
            logger.info("name:{},value:{}", name, request.getParameter(name));
        }
    }

    @AfterReturning(returning = "ret", pointcut = "webLog()")
    public void doAfterReturning(Object ret) throws Throwable {
        // 处理完请求，返回内容
        logger.info("RESPONSE : " + ret);
    }
}

九、集成redis

pom

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

测试单元

@Resource
    private RedisTemplate<String,String> redisTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testRedis() throws Exception {
        ValueOperations<String, String> ops = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
        ops.set("name", "enjoy");
        String value = ops.get("name");
        System.out.println(value);
  }

十、集成RabbitMQ

pom

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置类

package cn.enjoy.mq;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {
     @Bean
     public Queue firstQueue() {
       // 创建一个队列，名称为：enjoy
        return new Queue("enjoy");
     }
}

生产者

package cn.enjoy.mq;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Component
public class Sender {
     @Resource
     private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;
     public void send() {
      rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("enjoy", "this a messages !!!");
     }
}

消费者

package cn.enjoy.mq;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
//定义该类需要监听的队列
@RabbitListener(queues = "enjoy")
public class Receiver {
    @RabbitHandler  //指定对消息的处理
    public void process(String msg) {
        System.out.println("receive msg : " + msg);
 }
}

测试

@Resource
    private Sender sender;
     @Test
     public void testRabbitmq() throws Exception {
         sender.send();
     }

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