WPF中值转换器在数据绑定的应用

1.将数据格式转换为字符串表示形式(如将数字转换为货币)

//实现了IValueConverter接口的值转换器类,实现Convert和ConvertBack方法

public class NumberToCurrencyConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        decimal number = (decimal)value;
        return number.ToString("C", culture);
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        string currency = value as string;
        decimal number;
        if (Decimal.TryParse(currency, NumberStyles.Currency, culture, out number))
        {
            return number;
        }
        return DependencyProperty.UnsetValue;
    }
}

 在XAML中使用这个值转换器进行数据绑定

<TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Price, Converter={StaticResource NumberToCurrencyConverter}}" />

2.创建特定类型的WPF(读取二进制、创建能绑定大image元素的BitmapImage对象)：

创建值转换器类：

//从二进制数据转换为图像
public class BinaryToImageConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        byte[] binaryData = value as byte[];
        if (binaryData == null)
            return null;

        BitmapImage image = new BitmapImage();
        using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(binaryData))
        {
            image.BeginInit();
            image.CacheOption = BitmapCacheOption.OnLoad;
            image.StreamSource = stream;
            image.EndInit();
        }
        return image;
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

//从文件名称数据转换为图像数据 
public class ImagePathConverter : IValueConverter
 {
     private string imageDirectory = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory();
     public string ImageDirectory
     {
         get { return imageDirectory; }
         set { imageDirectory = value; }
     }

     //文件名转换为图片
     public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
     {
         string imagePath = Path.Combine(ImageDirectory, (string)value);
         return new BitmapImage(new Uri(imagePath)); 
     }

     public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
     {
         throw new NotSupportedException("The method or operation is not implemented.");
     }
 }

 

在XAML中使用这个值转换器进行数据绑定：

<Image Source="{Binding Path=ImageData, Converter={StaticResource BinaryToImageConverter}}" />

3.根据绑定数据有条件地改变元素中的属性(改变元素背景色以突出显示位于特定范围内的数值)：

创建值转换器类：

public class NumberToColorConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        double number = (double)value;
        if (number >= 0 && number <= 10)
            return Brushes.Green;
        else if (number > 10 && number <= 20)
            return Brushes.Yellow;
        else
            return Brushes.Red;
    }

    public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

在XAML中使用这个值转换器进行数据绑定：

<TextBox Background="{Binding Path=Score, Converter={StaticResource NumberToColorConverter}}" />

*Convert方法用于从源数据类型转换为目标数据类型，ConvertBack方法用于从目标数据类型转换回源数据类型,在某些情况下，你可能不需要或不能执行反向转换，那么你可以在ConvertBack方法中抛出一个NotImplementedException。