hibernate

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-05 11:12:58 发布

葱姜麻麻

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-05 11:12:58 发布

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文章标签： hibernate 数据库 sql maven struts

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_52639224/article/details/120786351

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一、什么是hibernate

ORM框架/持久层框架

全称为object reference mapping

通过管理对象来改变数据库中的数据

通过管理对象来操作数据库

优势：跨数据库的无缝移植

二、hibernate项目建立的步骤

2.1 添加hibernate相关依赖

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.sjy</groupId>
  <artifactId>hibernate</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>hibernate Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
		<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
		<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
		<servlet.version>4.0.0</servlet.version>
		<hibernate.version>5.3.0.Final</hibernate.version>
		<mysql.driver.version>8.0.19</mysql.driver.version>
	</properties>
  <dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>${junit.version}</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>${servlet.version}</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
			<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>${mysql.driver.version}</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>hibernate</finalName>
    <plugins>
    <plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.7.0</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

2.2、在resource目录下添加hibernate.cfg.xml(核心配置文件)

2.2.1、添加dtd支持

2.2.2、添加hibernate的配置

2.2.2.1、数据库相关(connection.username|connection.password|connection.url|connection.driver_class|dialect)

2.2.2.2 调试相关(show_sql|format_sql)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
		<!-- 1. 数据库相关 -->
<!-- 		<property name="connection.username">root</property> -->
<!-- 		<property name="connection.password">123456</property> -->
<!-- 		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://47.100.191.44:3308/lx?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8</property> -->
<!-- 		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> -->
		<property name="connection.username">root</property>
		<property name="connection.password">123456</property>
		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/www?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8&amp;serverTimezone=GMT&amp;useSSL=true</property>
		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
		<!-- <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</property> -->

		<!-- 配置本地事务（No CurrentSessionContext configured!） -->
		<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>

		<!-- 2. 调试相关 -->
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
		<property name="format_sql">true</property>
		<!-- 配置映射文件 -->
		<mapping resource="com/sjy/entity/User.hbm.xml" />

		<!-- 主键生成策略 -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/two/entity/Student.hbm.xml" /> -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/two/entity/Worker.hbm.xml" /> -->

		<!-- 一对多 -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/four/entity/Order.hbm.xml" /> -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/four/entity/OrderItem.hbm.xml" /> -->
		<!-- 一对多的自关联 -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/five/entity/TreeNode.hbm.xml" /> -->

		<!-- 多对多 -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/five/entity/Category.hbm.xml" /> -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/five/entity/Book.hbm.xml" /> -->
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

2.3 在开发阶段再创建实体类和实体映射文件(*.hbm.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    
    <hibernate-mapping>
     <class name="com.sjy.entity.User" table="t_hibernate_user">
		<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer" column="id">
			<generator class="increment" />
		</id>
		<property name="userName" type="java.lang.String" column="user_name">
		</property>
		<property name="userPwd" type="java.lang.String" column="user_pwd">
		</property>
		<property name="realName" type="java.lang.String" column="real_name">
		</property>
		<property name="sex" type="java.lang.String" column="sex">
		</property>
		<property name="birthday" type="java.sql.Date" column="birthday">
		</property>
		<property insert="false" update="false" name="createDatetime"
			type="java.sql.Timestamp" column="create_datetime">
		</property>
		<property name="remark" type="java.lang.String" column="remark">
		</property>
	</class>
    </hibernate-mapping>

小结：hibernate.cfg.xml(1)/*.hbm.xml(N)
实体映射文件一定要加到核心配置文件

*.hbm.xml文件的各属性意思如下：

name：类的全限定名

table：类对应的表

id标签：

name：类属性 type：类属性对应的java类型 column：数据库列段

property标签：

name：类属性 type：类属性对应的java类型 column：数据库列段

可以理解为：id标签是特殊的property标签

编码步骤：

1.对框架核心配置文件进行建模

2.获取sessionFactory工厂

3.获取session会话

4.开启事务（查询不需要）

5.session操作对象

6.提交事务（查询不需要事务）

7.关闭session

查询

package com.sjy.test;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class ListDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
	Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
	SessionFactory sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
	Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
	List list = session.createQuery("from User").list();
	for (Object object : list) {
		System.out.println(object);
	}
	session.close();
}
}

增加

package com.sjy.test;

import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.Timestamp;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

import com.sjy.entity.User;

public class AddDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		User user=new User();
		user.setBirthday(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()));
		user.setId(88);
		user.setSex("男");
		user.setUserPwd("111222");
		user.setcreateDatetime(new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
		user.setRealName("sjy");
		user.setUserName("aaaaa");
		session.save(user);
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
	}
}

增加时id设置的是88，但是插入数据库的数据是15

原因是generator标签的class为increment （自增）

不自增可改为assigned

主键生成器要求

assigned：数据类型不限、保存前必须赋值

identity：数字，无需赋值

sequence：数字，无需赋值，默认使用hibernate_sequence这个序列

也可通过sequence/sequence_name参数赋值

increment：数字，无需赋值

修改

package com.sjy.test;


import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

import com.sjy.entity.User;

public class EditDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		User user = session.get(User.class, 7);
		user.setUserName("牛马");
		System.out.println(user);
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
	}
}

数据库：

删除

删除有两种方法

方法一：

User user = session.get(User.class, 7);
session.delete(user);

方法二：

User user=new User();
user.setId(6);
session.delete(user);

葱姜麻麻

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hibernate

一、什么是hibernateORM框架/持久层框架全称为object reference mapping通过管理对象来改变数据库中的数据通过管理对象来操作数据库优势：跨数据库的无缝移植二、hibernate项目建立的步骤2.1 添加hibernate相关依赖pom.xml<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-ins
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