该博客详细介绍了如何在CentOS8上更改Apache服务器的主页及文件目录，包括修改DocumentRoot、设置默认页面、创建目录和页面，并通过域名进行访问。此外，还讲解了基于IP和域名的虚拟主机配置，包括创建虚拟主机目录、编写主页内容、修改配置文件以及进行测试验证。
目录
题目一（更改主页及文件目录）
| 默认目录 | /tengyi/web |
| 财务部目录 | /tengyi/web/cwb |
| 默认页面 | tengyi.html |
| 财务部页面 | cwb.html |
| 域名 | www.tengyi.com.cn |
默认配置
apache服务主配置文件
[root@CentOS8 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
- 站点根目录
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
在vim编辑器里按下":122"到达122行
- 默认内容目录及权限
<Directory "/var/www/html">
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
在vim编辑器里按下":134"到达134行
- 默认主页文件类型
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>
在vim编辑器里按下":166"到达166行
修改主配置文件
[root@CentOS ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf-
修改DocumentRoot
在vim里输入":122"回车
DocumentRoot "/tengyi/web"
-
修改默认目录<Directory "/var/www/html">
在vim里输入":134"回车
# Further relax access to the default document root:
<Directory "/tengyi/web">
#
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
# or any combination of:
# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
# doesn't give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
# for more information.
#
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
#
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
# Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
#
AllowOverride None
#
# Controls who can get stuff from this server.
#
Require all granted
</Directory>
修改默认主页文件类型
在vim里输入":166"回车
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html tengyi.html
</IfModule>
创建默认目录和默认页面
[root@CentOS ~]# mkdir -p /tengyi/web
[root@CentOS ~]# vim /tengyi/web/tengyi.html<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>This is our company's homepage</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>path:/tengyi/web/tengyi.html</h1>
<a href="./cwb/cwb.html">cwb.html</a>
</body>
</html>创建财务部目录和财务部主页
[root@CentOS ~]# mkdir /tengyi/web/cwb
[root@CentOS ~]# vim /tengyi/web/cwb/cwb.html<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>This is our company's webpage</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>path:/tengyi/web/cwb/cwb.html</h1>
</body>
</html>修改服务器域名
查看上一篇的配置过程：CentOS8.4 DNS解析（辅助DNS配置）
重启后测试
[root@CentOS8 ~]# curl http://www.tengyi.com.cn
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>This is our company's homepage</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>path:/tengyi/web/tengyi.html</h1>
<a href="./cwb/cwb.html">cwb.html</a>
</body>
</html>
[root@CentOS8 ~]# curl http://www.tengyi.com.cn/cwb/cwb.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>This is our company's webpage</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>path:/tengyi/web/cwb/cwb.html</h1>
</body>
</html>
[root@CentOS8 ~]# curl 192.168.89.241
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>This is our company's homepage</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>path:/tengyi/web/tengyi.html</h1>
<a href="./cwb/cwb.html">cwb.html</a>
</body>
</html>
[root@CentOS8 ~]# curl 192.168.89.241/cwb/cwb.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>This is our company's webpage</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>path:/tengyi/web/cwb/cwb.html</h1>
</body>
</html>
题目二（基于IP和域名的虚拟主机）
| 虚拟主机1 | 192.168.89.101 |
| 虚拟主机2 | 192.168.89.102 |
| 域名 | www.cqcet.net |
| 同ip | bbs.cqcet.net |
基于IP部分
-
修改网络配置文件
[root@CentOS8 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 IPADDR=192.168.89.101
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
PREFIX=24
IPADDR1=192.168.89.102
PREFIX1=24
NETMASK1=255.255.255.0
#尾部增加这六行
#然后重启连接[root@CentOS8 ~]# nmcli c reload
[root@CentOS8 ~]# nmcli c up ens33
连接已成功激活（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/8）-
创建虚拟主机目录
[root@CentOS8 ~]# mkdir -p /www/vir1
[root@CentOS8 ~]# mkdir -p /www/vir2
-
编写虚拟主机主页内容
[root@CentOS8 ~]# vim /www/vir1/index.html
<h1>This is 101 page</h1>
[root@CentOS8 ~]# vim /www/vir2/index.html
<p>This is 102 page</p>
-
修改主配置文件
#在文件底部添加两段代码
<VirtualHost 192.168.89.101>
DocumentRoot /www/vir1
ErrorLog "logs/vir1-error_log"
Customlog "logs/vir1-access_log" combined
DirectoryIndex default.html index.html
<Directory /www/vir1>
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 192.168.89.102>
DocumentRoot /www/vir2
ErrorLog "logs/vir1-error_log"
Customlog "logs/vir1-access_log" combined
DirectoryIndex default.html index.html
<Directory /www/vir2>
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
-
重启后测试
[root@CentOS8 ~]# curl 192.168.89.101
<h1>This is 101 page</h1>
[root@CentOS8 ~]# curl 192.168.89.102
<p>This is 102 page</p>
基于域名部分
-
修改域名
[root@CentOS8 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.89.100 www.cqcet.net
192.168.89.100 bbs.cqcet.net
-
创建主页文件及目录
[root@CentOS8 ~]# mkdir -p /web/www
[root@CentOS8 ~]# mkdir -p /web/bbs[root@CentOS8 ~]# echo "WWW.cqcet.net" > /web/www/index.html
[root@CentOS8 ~]# echo "BBS.cqcet.net" > /web/bbs/index.html
[root@CentOS8 web]# pwd
/web
[root@CentOS8 web]# tree
.
├── bbs
│ └── index.html
└── www
└── index.html
2 directories, 2 files
-
编辑虚拟主机配置文件
[root@CentOS8 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/www.conf
<VirtualHost 192.168.89.100>
DocumentRoot "/web/www"
ServerName "www.cqcet.net"
<Directory "/web/www">
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
[root@CentOS8 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/bbs.conf
<VirtualHost 192.168.89.100>
DocumentRoot /web/bbs
ServerName "bbs.cqcet.net"
<Directory "/web/bbs">
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
-
重启并测试
[root@CentOS8 ~]# curl http://www.cqcet.net
WWW.cqcet.net
[root@CentOS8 ~]# curl http://bbs.cqcet.net
BBS.cqcet.net
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