零基础学JavaWeb开发（十六）之 mybatis（1）

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-25 10:59:43 发布

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二十二、mybatis

1、什么是mybatis

MyBatis中文网

mybatis是一个用Java编写的持久层框架，它使用ORM实现了结果集的封装。

ORM是Object Relational Mapping 对象关系映射。简单来说，就是把数据库表和实体类及实体类的属性对应起来，让开发者操作实体类就实现操作数据库表，它封装了jdbc操作的很多细节，使开发者只需要关注sql语句本身，而无需关注注册驱动，创建连接等复杂过程。

ORM:Object-Relation-Mapping，也就是对象关系映射，是一种程序设计思想，mybatis就是ORM的一种实现方式，简单来说就是将数据库中查询出的数据映射到对应的实体中。

数据库层框架

1.com.mayikt.servlet或者com.mayikt.controller--------控制层 springmvc

2.com.mayikt.service---业务逻辑层

3.com.mayikt.dao----数据库访问层 hibernate或者mybatis、jpa

1.数据库连接相关配置

2.编写sql语句 jdbc 查询操作单独取出每个值在赋值给我们对象

mybatis、springmvc、springboot

使用mybatis orm java中对象与数据库中表中字段对应

底层通过反射机制自动赋值

sql语句自动形式得出对象

前提 orm

2、mybatis快速入门

2.1、数据库表结构

CREATE TABLE `mayikt_users` (
  `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=33 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3;

1.引入mybatis相关依赖已经完成了

2.mybatis-config.xml（该配置文件名称是可以改）存放就是我们数据库相关连接信息

3.定义mapper ----编写我们mybatis 相关 sql语句每个表对应一个mapper

4.定义java对象--需要注意下类中的成员属性与数据库表中字段映射默认类中的成员属性数据库表中字段名称对应的。

5.使用 mybatis api开始执行该 sql语句即可得到结果

2.2、maven依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.18</version>
        </dependency>

2.3、定义xml配置文件

存放数据库连接信息mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mayikt?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="mybatis/userMaaper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

2.4、Mapper文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="userMapper">
    <select id="getByUsers" resultType="com.mayikt.entity.UserEntity">
        select * from mayikt_users
  </select>
</mapper>

2.5、测试代码

package com.mayikt.test;

import com.mayikt.entity.UserEntity;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;


public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 1.读取加载mybatis-config.xml
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        // 2.获取到获取到
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        // 3.根据 mapper id=getByUsers 执行该s  ql 语句 通过  sql语句得到我们的对象 orm
        List<UserEntity> userEntitys = sqlSession.selectList("getByUsers", UserEntity.class);
        System.out.println(userEntitys);
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

package com.mayikt.test;

import com.mayikt.entity.UserEntity;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;


public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 1.读取加载mybatis-config.xml
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        // 2.获取到获取到
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        // 3.根据 mapper id=getByUsers 执行该s  ql 语句 通过  sql语句得到我们的对象 orm
        List<UserEntity> userEntitys = sqlSession.selectList("getByUsers", UserEntity.class);
        System.out.println(userEntitys);
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

3、mapper代理开发模式

1.mapper接口方式开发整合就必须是对应的mapper接口的全限定类名

2.接口中的方法与映射文件中的SQL语句的ID

3.需要在mybatis-config.xml 新增加载该userMaaper

    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="mybatis/userMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>

4.定义mapper 接口 需要考虑方法的名称与userMapper.xml的 sql id名称保持一致。

package com.mayikt.mapper;

import com.mayikt.entity.UserEntity;

import java.util.List;


public interface UserMapper {
    List<UserEntity> getByUsers();
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.mayikt.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="getByUsers" resultType="com.mayikt.entity.UserEntity">
        select * from mayikt_users
  </select>
</mapper>

5.相关代码

package com.mayikt.test;

import com.mayikt.entity.UserEntity;
import com.mayikt.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 1.读取加载mybatis-config.xml
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        // 2.获取到获取到
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        // 3.根据 mapper id=getByUsers 执行该s  ql 语句 通过  sql语句得到我们的对象 orm
//        List<UserEntity> userEntitys = sqlSession.selectList("getByUsers", UserEntity.class);
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        System.out.println(mapper.getByUsers());
//        System.out.println(userEntitys);
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

4、mybatis增删改查

CREATE TABLE `mayikt_flight` (
  `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id列',
  `flight_id` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '航号',
  `company` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '航空公司',
  `departure_airport` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '出发机场',
  `arrive_airport` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '达到机场',
  `departure_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '出发时间',
  `arrive_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '到达时间',
  `model` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '机型',
  `is_delete` int DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '是否隐藏0显示 1隐藏',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=16 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3;

4.1、查询所有数据

package com.mayikt.entity;

import java.util.Date;

public class FlightEntity {
    private Integer id;
    private String flightId;
    private String company;
    private String departureAirport;
    private String arriveAirport;
    private Date departureTime;
    private Date arriveTime;
    private String model;
    private Integer isDelete;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "FlightEntity{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", flightId='" + flightId + '\'' +
                ", company='" + company + '\'' +
                ", departureAirport='" + departureAirport + '\'' +
                ", arriveAirport='" + arriveAirport + '\'' +
                ", departureTime=" + departureTime +
                ", arriveTime=" + arriveTime +
                ", model='" + model + '\'' +
                ", isDelete=" + isDelete +
                '}';
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getFlightId() {
        return flightId;
    }

    public void setFlightId(String flightId) {
        this.flightId = flightId;
    }

    public String getCompany() {
        return company;
    }

    public void setCompany(String company) {
        this.company = company;
    }

    public String getDepartureAirport() {
        return departureAirport;
    }

    public void setDepartureAirport(String departureAirport) {
        this.departureAirport = departureAirport;
    }

    public String getArriveAirport() {
        return arriveAirport;
    }

    public void setArriveAirport(String arriveAirport) {
        this.arriveAirport = arriveAirport;
    }

    public Date getDepartureTime() {
        return departureTime;
    }

    public void setDepartureTime(Date departureTime) {
        this.departureTime = departureTime;
    }

    public Date getArriveTime() {
        return arriveTime;
    }

    public void setArriveTime(Date arriveTime) {
        this.arriveTime = arriveTime;
    }

    public String getModel() {
        return model;
    }

    public void setModel(String model) {
        this.model = model;
    }

    public Integer getIsDelete() {
        return isDelete;
    }

    public void setIsDelete(Integer isDelete) {
        this.isDelete = isDelete;
    }
}

package com.mayikt.mapper;

import com.mayikt.entity.FlightEntity;

import java.util.List;

public interface FlightMapper {
    /**
     * 查询
     * 1.查询所有
     * 2.根据条件查询
     * 3.动态查询方式
     */
    List<FlightEntity> getByFlightAll();

}

package com.mayikt.service;

import com.mayikt.entity.FlightEntity;
import com.mayikt.mapper.FlightMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class FlightService {
    private FlightMapper flightMapper;

    public FlightService() throws IOException {
        // 通过无参构造方法 初始化mybatis 得到flightMapper
        // mybatis-config.xml 目录位置
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        // 1.解析mybatis-config.xml 得到数据库相关的配置信息
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        //2.创建得到一个sqlSessionFactory
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        //3.获取到sqlSession
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        flightMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(FlightMapper.class);
//        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- 数据库相关的配置-->
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/flight?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="mybatis/flightMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>



<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- namespace=-->
<mapper namespace="com.mayikt.mapper.FlightMapper">
    <select id="getByFlightAll" resultType="com.mayikt.entity.FlightEntity">
            select *
     from mayikt_flight;
  </select>


</mapper>

4.1.1、解决数据库与类中成员属性不一致性

方式1：

使用 sql语句 as的方法代码会非常重复。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- namespace=-->
<mapper namespace="com.mayikt.mapper.FlightMapper">
    <select id="getByFlightAll" resultType="com.mayikt.entity.FlightEntity">
            select  id as id,flight_id as flightId,
     company as company, departure_airport as departureAirport
,arrive_airport as  arriveAirport, departure_time as departureTime
,arrive_time as  arriveTime,model as model,is_delete as
isDelete
     from mayikt_flight;

  </select>

</mapper>

方式2：

resultMap 定义数据库表中字段名称与类中成员属性名称关联映射

数据库字段：flight_id----类中成员名称 flightId

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- namespace=-->
<mapper namespace="com.mayikt.mapper.FlightMapper">
    <resultMap id="flightEntityMap" type="com.mayikt.entity.FlightEntity">
        <!-- 数据库中字段名称 column="" property="id"  类中成员属性名称-->
        <id column="id" property="id"></id>
        <result column="flight_id" property="flightId"></result>
        <result column="departure_airport" property="departureAirport"></result>
        <result column="departure_time" property="departureTime"></result>
        <result column="arrive_time" property="arriveTime"></result>
        <result column="model" property="model"></result>
        <result column="is_delete" property="isDelete"></result>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getByFlightAll" resultType="com.mayikt.entity.FlightEntity">
            select  id as id,flight_id as flightId,
     company as company, departure_airport as departureAirport
,arrive_airport as  arriveAirport, departure_time as departureTime
,arrive_time as  arriveTime,model as model,is_delete as
isDelete
     from mayikt_flight;
  </select>

    <!--  定义数据库中字段名称与我们 类中成员属性值 关联映射-->
    <select id="getByFlightAll2" resultMap="flightEntityMap">
            select * from mayikt_flight where  id=10;
  </select>
</mapper>

4.2、id查询数据

    /**
     * 就是根据主键id查询数据
     */
    FlightEntity getByIdFlight(Integer id);
 
    public FlightEntity getByIdFlight(Integer id) {
        return flightMapper.getByIdFlight(id);
    }
    <!--
    parameterType int string Double 自定义对象类型 有处理防止sql语句攻击功能
    -->
    <select id="getByIdFlight" parameterType="int" resultMap="flightEntityMap">
            select * from mayikt_flight where  id=#{id};
  </select>

4.3、插入数据

    /**
     * 插入数据的结果 如果影响行数 大于0 成功的  否则 就是失败的
     *
     * @param FlightEntity FlightEntity
     * @return
     */
    int insertFlight(FlightEntity flightEntity);

    private FlightMapper flightMapper;
    private SqlSession sqlSession;

    public FlightService() throws IOException {
        // 通过无参构造方法 初始化mybatis 得到flightMapper
        // mybatis-config.xml 目录位置
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        // 1.解析mybatis-config.xml 得到数据库相关的配置信息
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        //2.创建得到一个sqlSessionFactory
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        //3.获取到sqlSession
        sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        flightMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(FlightMapper.class);
//        sqlSession.close();
    }

    public List<FlightEntity> getByFlightAll() {
        return flightMapper.getByFlightAll();
    }


    public FlightEntity getByIdFlight(Integer id) {
        return flightMapper.getByIdFlight(id);
    }

    public int insertFlight(FlightEntity flightEntity) {
        int result = flightMapper.insertFlight(flightEntity);
        // 需要提交事务事务的
        sqlSession.commit();// 提交事务
        return result;
    }
    <!--
    select标签查询数据
    insert标签 插入数据
    -->
    <insert id="insertFlight" parameterType="com.mayikt.entity.FlightEntity">
        INSERT INTO `flight`.`mayikt_flight` (`id`, `flight_id`, `company`, `departure_airport`, `arrive_airport`, `departure_time`, `arrive_time`, `model`, `is_delete`)
        VALUES (null,  #{flightId}, #{company}, #{departureAirport},#{arriveAirport}, #{departureTime},#{arriveTime},#{model}, #{isDelete});
    </insert>

4.4、修改数据

    int updateFlight(FlightEntity flightEntity);
    public int updateFlight(FlightEntity flightEntity) {
        int result = flightMapper.updateFlight(flightEntity);
        // 需要提交事务事务的  数据增加 update  删除
        sqlSession.commit();// 提交事务
        return result;
    }

    <update id="updateFlight" parameterType="com.mayikt.entity.FlightEntity">
        UPDATE `flight`.`mayikt_flight` SET `id`=#{id}, `flight_id`=#{flightId}, `company`=#{company},
         `departure_airport`=#{departureAirport},
         `arrive_airport`=#{arriveAirport}, `departure_time`=#{departureTime},
         `arrive_time`=#{arriveTime}, `model`=#{model}, `is_delete`=#{isDelete} WHERE (`id`=#{id});
    </update>

4.5、删除数据


    int deleteByIdFlight(Integer id);
    public int deleteByIdFlight(Integer id) {
        int result = flightMapper.deleteByIdFlight(id);
        // 需要提交事务事务的  数据增加 update  删除
        sqlSession.commit();// 提交事务
        return result;
    }

    <delete id="deleteByIdFlight" parameterType="int">
       delete from mayikt_flight where id=#{id};
    </delete>