C++编程题（继承和运算符重载）

1.利用多态性来求四种几何图形的面积之和。这四种几何图形是：三角形、矩形、正方形和圆。几何图形的类型可以通过构造函数或通过成员函数来设置。

#include<iostream>
#include<string>  //用到C++的字符串需头文件
#include<cmath>   //从C继承的
using namespace std;
#define pi 3.14
class tuxing
{
public:
	virtual void tuxing1()=0;
	virtual void mianji(double a,double b=1.0,double c=1.0)=0;//因为不同图形所需的参数不同
  //在基类里定义了两个纯虚函数，子类必须重写这两个函数
};
class sanjiao:public tuxing
{
public:
   void tuxing1()
   {
     cout<<"图形是三角形"<<endl;
   }
   void mianji(double a,double b=1.0,double c=1.0)
   {
      m=a;
	  n=b;
	  w=c;
	  double p=(m+n+w)/2;
	  double t=sqrt(p*(p-m)*(p-n)*(p-w));
	  cout<<"三角形的面积是："<<t<<endl;

   }
   double m,n,w;

};
class juxing:public tuxing
{
public:
   void tuxing1()
   {
      cout<<"图形是矩形"<<endl;

   }
   void mianji(double a,double b=1.0,double c=1.0)
   {
      m1=a;
	  n1=b;
	  w1=c;
	  double t1=m1*n1;
	  cout<<"矩形的面积是："<<t1<<endl;
   }
   double m1,n1,w1;
};
class zheng:public tuxing
{
public:
	void tuxing1()
	{
	  cout<<"图形是正方形"<<endl;
	}
	void mianji(double a,double b=1.0,double c=1.0)
	{
	   m2=a;
	   n2=b;
	   w2=c;
	   double t2=m2*m2;
	   cout<<"正方形的面积是："<<t2<<endl;
	}
    double m2,n2,w2;
};
class circle:public tuxing
{
public:
	void tuxing1()
	{
	  cout<<"图形是圆形"<<endl;
	}
	void mianji(double a,double b=1.0,double c=1.0)
	{
	  m3=a;
	  double t3=pi*m3*m3;
	  cout<<"圆形的面积是："<<t3<<endl;
	
	}
	double m3;
};
int main()
{
   sanjiao s;
   s.tuxing1();
   s.mianji(3.0,4.0,5.0); 
   juxing j;
   j.tuxing1();
   j.mianji(3,6);
	zheng z;
	z.tuxing1();
	z.mianji(5);
	circle c;
	c.tuxing1();
	c.mianji(2);
	return 0;

}

结果如下：

2.定义一个复数类，通过重载运算符： *，/，直接实现二个复数之间的乘除运 算。编写一个完整的程序，测试重载运算符的正确性。要求乘法“*”用友元函数实现重载，除法“/”用成员函数实现重载。

 

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class complex
{
private:
	double real,image;//不能用int型，精度不足
public:
	complex(double a,double b)
	{
	  real=a;  //实部
	  image=b;   //虚部
	}
	//complex operator *(const complex & m)const;
    friend complex operator *(const complex & t,const complex & m);//友元函数
	complex operator /(const complex & n)const;
	void display()
	{
	   cout<<real<<"+"<<image<<"i"<<endl;
	}

};
//因为友元函数不是成员函数，所以参数要两个类
complex operator *(const complex &t,const complex & m)//这里不能用const,因为不是成员函数
{
  double real1=t.real*m.real-t.image*m.image ;
  double image1=t.real*m.image +t.image*m.real ;
  return complex(real1,image1);
}
complex complex::operator /(const complex & n)const//复数除法
{
   double p=n.image*n.image +n.real *n.real ;
   double real2=(real*n.real+image*n.image)/p;
   double image2=(image*n.real-real*n.image)/p;
   return complex(real2,image2);

}
int main()
{
   complex c1(1,2);
   complex c2(3,4);
   complex c3=c1*c2;
   c3.display(); 
   complex c4=c1/c2;
   c4.display();
   return 0;
}

结果如下：