Java--Gui的学习

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-30 21:44:19 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-06-30 21:44:19 发布

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分类专栏： java 文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_59981898/article/details/124466805

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GUI编程

告诉大家怎么学？

这是什么？
他怎么玩？
该如何去在我们平时运用？

组件

窗口
弹窗
面板
文本框
列表框
按钮
图片
监听事件
鼠标
键盘事件
破解工具

1、简介

GUI的核心技术：Swing AWT

界面不美观
需要jre环境！

为甚恶魔我们要学习呢？

可以写出自己心中想要的一些工具
工作的时候，也可能需要维护到swing界面，概率小！
了解MVC架构，了解监听！

2、 AWT（抽象的窗口工具）

2.1、AWT介绍

包含了很多类和接口，GUI：图形用户界面编程
元素：窗口，按钮，文本框
java.awt

Eeclipse就是用java写的

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2.2、组键和容器

1、Frame

package com.kang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Frame 对象
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图形界面窗口！");

        //设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);

        //设置背景颜色

        frame.setBackground(new Color(201, 213, 130));

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);

        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);


    }
}

结果：

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package com.kang.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口
        new MyFrame(100,100,200,200,Color.BLUE);
        new MyFrame(300,100,200,200,Color.red);
        new MyFrame(100,300,200,200,Color.green);
        new MyFrame(300,300,200,200,Color.black);
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id = 0;//可能需要一个计数器，可能存在多个窗口，可能需要一个计数器
    public MyFrame(int x , int y ,int w ,int h,Color color){
        super("Myframe"+(++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);//直接设置出现位置与大小
        setVisible(true);//设置可见性

    }

}

结果：

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2、面板Panel

package com.kang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame frame=new Frame();

        //布局
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //设置坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,500,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(107, 241, 110));

        //panel设置坐标  相对于frame  在frame内部
        panel.setBounds(200,200,200,200);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(234, 15, 15));
        //把panel放进去
        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);


        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }

}

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2.3、布局管理器

（1）BorderLayout东西南北中

package com.kang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的窗口");

        Button button1 = new Button("East");
        Button button2= new Button("West");
        Button button3 = new Button("South");
        Button button4 = new Button("North");
        Button button5 = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(button3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(button4,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button5,BorderLayout.CENTER);



        frame.setBounds(500,500,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(59, 66, 156));

        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(2);
            }
        });


    }
}

东西南北中
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（2）GridLayout表格的形式

package com.kang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //表格布局
        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));

        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }




}

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（3）练习

把下面的打印出来

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代码

package com.kang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //框框
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        frame.setSize(500,400);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //把面板都new出来
        //两个是BorderLayout  两个是GridLayout
        Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));


        //进行嵌套就ok
        panel1.add(new Button("East"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel1.add(new Button("West"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        panel2.add(new Button("shang"));
        panel2.add(new Button("xia"));
        panel3.add(new Button("East1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel3.add(new Button("West1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        panel4.add(new Button("butn1"));
        panel4.add(new Button("butn2"));
        panel4.add(new Button("butn3"));
        panel4.add(new Button("butn4"));


        panel1.add(panel2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        panel3.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.add(panel1);
        frame.add(panel3);

//关闭
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(1);
            }
        });


    }
}

2.4、事件监听

package com.kang.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();


        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();

        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();//自适应
        frame.setVisible(true);
        windowClose(frame);

    }
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{


    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("丁耀胜大傻逼");
    }
}

一个事件被两个按钮监听

package com.kang.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionTwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");
        button2.setActionCommand("button-Stop");
        MyMoniter myMoniter = new MyMoniter();
        button1.addActionListener(myMoniter);
        button2.addActionListener(myMoniter);

        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}
class MyMoniter implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //我们可以 通过e得到一些信息
        System.out.println("这个按钮被点了=》"+e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

2.5、输入框TextField监听

2.6简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习

面向对象版编程

package com.kang.lesson02;

import javax.xml.soap.Text;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadFrame();

    }

}
class Calculator extends Frame{
    //创建一个文本框
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public void loadFrame(){
        num1 = new TextField(10);
        num2 = new TextField(10);
        num3 = new TextField(10);
        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        MyActionListener3 myActionListener3 = new MyActionListener3(this);
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}
class MyActionListener3 implements ActionListener{
    Calculator calculator=null;
    public MyActionListener3(Calculator calculator){
        this.calculator=calculator;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //获取到三个值
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
        //三个值相加
        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

        //把空白清空

        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");
    }
}

内部类

package com.kang.lesson02;

import javax.xml.soap.Text;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadFrame();

    }

}
class Calculator extends Frame{
    //创建一个文本框
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public void loadFrame(){
        num1 = new TextField(10);
        num2 = new TextField(10);
        num3 = new TextField(10);
        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);


        button.addActionListener(new MyActionListener3());
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
    private class MyActionListener3 implements ActionListener{

        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //获取到三个值
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
            //三个值相加
            num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

            //把空白清空

            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

2.7、画笔

package com.kang.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
new Mypaint().loadFrame();
    }
}
class Mypaint extends Frame {
public void loadFrame(){
    setBounds(200,200,400,500);

    setVisible(true);
    }
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.fillOval(100,200,100,100);
    }
}

2.8、键盘监听事件

package com.kang.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();

    }
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame(){
        setBounds(1,2,300,400);
        setVisible(true);

        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            @Override
            //按压键盘
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
                System.out.println(keyCode);
                if(keyCode ==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");

                }
            }
        });
        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(1);
            }
        });
    }

}

3、Swing

3.1、窗口、面板

package com.kang.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {
    //init();  初始化
    public static void init(){
        JFrame jf = new JFrame();
        jf.setVisible(true);
        jf.setBounds(100,100,200,200);

        //设置文字Jlabel
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("李文康爱❤段凯钰");

        //让文本居中
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);


        //设置一个容器
        Container container = jf.getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(Color.cyan);


        //关闭事件
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        jf.add(jLabel);


    }





    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new JFrameDemo().init();
    }

}

3.2、弹窗

package com.kang.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;


public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {

        public DialogDemo(){
            this.setVisible(true);//设置窗口的可视化
            this.setSize(700,500);//设置窗口大小
            this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//设置关闭窗口

            //JFrame 需要一个容器来放东西
            Container container = this.getContentPane();
            //绝对布局
            container.setLayout(null);

            //按钮
            JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出对话框");//创建对象
            button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);


            //点击这个按钮弹出一个弹窗
            button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器
                @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                    new MyDialog();
                }
            });



            container.add(button);



        }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new DialogDemo();

    }
}
class MyDialog extends JDialog{
    public MyDialog() {
        JDialog jDialog = new JDialog();
        jDialog.setVisible(true);
        jDialog.setBounds(100,100,500,500);

        Container container = new Container();
        container.add(new Label("康康想拉屎"));

        container.setLayout(null);

    }
}

3.3、标签

package com.kang.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class iconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int height;

    public iconDemo(){}
    public iconDemo(int width,int height){

    this.height=height;
    this.width=width;

    }
    public void init(){
        iconDemo iconDemo = new iconDemo(15,15);

        JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER);

        //new一个容器   可以存放
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(label);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        //设置可以关闭
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);


    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new iconDemo().init();

    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

3.4、面板

package com.kang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {

    public JPanelDemo()  {
        Container container = getContentPane();
        //容器的布局
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));

        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
        JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,1));
        JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));

        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));

        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));

        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));



        container.add(panel1);
        container.add(panel2);
        container.add(panel3);
        container.add(panel4);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(100,200,300,400);
        setVisible(true);


    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPanel

package com.kang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //设置文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea();
        textArea.setText("李文康❤段凯钰！");

        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);

        container.add(jScrollPane);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

3.5、按钮

图片按钮

package com.kang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo01() {

        Container container = getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("dsg.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        JButton jButton = new JButton();
        jButton.setIcon(icon);
        jButton.setToolTipText("图片按钮");
        container.add(jButton);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,500,500);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

单选框

package com.kang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo02() {

        Container container = getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("dsg.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);


        //单选框
        JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioRutton01");
        JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioRutton02");
        JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioRutton03");

        //由于单选框中只能选一个，分组中一个组中只能选一个
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(radioButton1);
        group.add(radioButton2);
        group.add(radioButton3);


        container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

复选框

package com.kang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo03() {

        Container container = getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("dsg.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
        JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");


       container.add(checkBox01,BorderLayout.CENTER);
       container.add(checkBox02,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,500,500);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

3.6、列表

下拉框

package com.kang.lesson06;

import javafx.scene.control.ComboBox;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo01()  {

        Container container = getContentPane();

        JComboBox jcomboBox = new JComboBox();

        jcomboBox.addItem(null);
        jcomboBox.addItem("喜羊羊与灰太狼");
        jcomboBox.addItem("熊出没");
        jcomboBox.addItem("开心超人");

        container.add(jcomboBox);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
}

列表框

package com.kang.lesson06;

import javafx.scene.control.ComboBox;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo01()  {

        Container container = getContentPane();
//静态存放
      //String[] arr={"张三","李四","王五"};

        //动态存放
        Vector objects = new Vector();
        //列表中需要存放内容
        JList jList = new JList(objects);

        objects.add("张三");
        objects.add("李四");
        objects.add("王五");

        container.add(jList);




        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
}

3.7、文本框

文本框

package com.kang.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {

    public TestTextDemo01()  {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        JTextField textField = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField textField1 = new JTextField("world",20);

        container.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(textField1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new TestTextDemo01();
    }
}

密码框

package com.kang.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {

    public TestTextDemo02()  {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();
        passwordField.setEchoChar('*');

        container.add(passwordField);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo02();
    }
}

文本域

package com.kang.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //设置文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea();
        textArea.setText("李文康❤段凯钰！");

        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);

        container.add(jScrollPane);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

文康哟。

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Java--Gui的学习

GUI编程告诉大家怎么学？这是什么？他怎么玩？该如何去在我们平时运用？组件窗口弹窗面板文本框列表框按钮图片监听事件鼠标键盘事件破解工具1、简介GUI的核心技术：Swing AWT界面不美观需要jre环境！为甚恶魔我们要学习呢？可以写出自己心中想要的一些工具工作的时候，也可能需要维护到swing界面，概率小！了解MVC架构，了解监听！2、 AWT（抽象的窗口工具）2.1、AWT介绍包含了很多类和接口，GUI：图形用户界面编程
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