八 运算符重载

一 operator

一 语法

1 关键字
    operator 
2 语法
    函数返回值类型 operator 要重载的运算符（形参表）
    {
        函数体； 
    }

二 实例

class Mydata{
public:
    int num;
    Mydata(){}
    Mydata(int var) :num(var){}
    /*···正负数···*/
    Mydata& operator+(){
        Mydata temp;
        temp.num = +this->num;
        return temp;
    }
    Mydata& operator-(){
        Mydata temp;
        temp.num = -this->num;
        return temp;
    }
    /*···自增自减···*/
    void operator++(){
        this->num++;
    }
    void operator--(){
        this->num--;
    }
    /*···输入输出···*/
    friend istream& operator>>(istream& left, Mydata& right);
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& left, Mydata& right);
    /*···加减乘除···*/
    Mydata& operator+(const Mydata& var){
        Mydata temp;
        temp.num = this->num + var.num;
        return temp;
    }
    Mydata& operator-(const Mydata& var){
        Mydata temp;
        temp.num = this->num - var.num;
        return temp;
    }
    Mydata& operator*(const Mydata& var){
        Mydata temp;
        temp.num = this->num * var.num;
        return temp;
    }
    Mydata& operator/(const Mydata& var){
        Mydata temp;
        temp.num = this->num / var.num;
        return temp;
    }
    Mydata& operator%(const Mydata& var){
        Mydata temp;
        temp.num = this->num % var.num;
        return temp;
    }
    /*···关系运算符···*/
    bool operator==(Mydata& var){
        if (this->num == var.num)
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    }
    bool operator!=(Mydata& var){
        if (this->num != var.num)
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    }
    bool operator>(Mydata& var){
        if (this->num > var.num)
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    }
    bool operator<(Mydata& var){
        if (this->num < var.num)
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    }
    bool operator>=(Mydata& var){
        if (this->num >= var.num)
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    }
    bool operator<=(Mydata& var){
        if (this->num <= var.num)
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    }
    /*···逻辑运算符···*/
    bool operator&&(Mydata& var){
        return this->num&&var.num;
    }
    bool operator||(Mydata& var){
        return this->num||var.num;
    }
    bool operator!(){
        return !this->num;
    }
    /*···位运算···*/
    size_t operator&(Mydata& var){
        return this->num&var.num;
    }
    size_t operator|(Mydata& var){
        return this->num | var.num;
    }
    size_t operator^(Mydata& var){
        return this->num^var.num;
    }
    size_t operator~(){
        return ~this->num;
    }
};
int main(){
    Mydata obj_test1(5);
    Mydata obj_test2(9);
    obj_test1--;
    printf("%o\n", obj_test1^obj_test2);
    cout << "obj_test1 = " << obj_test1 << endl;
}
istream& operator>>(istream& left, Mydata& right){
    left >> right.num;
    return left;
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& left, Mydata& right){
    left << right.num;
    return left;
}

三 注意事项

1. 只能重载已有的运算符，不能创造新的运算符

2. "." "::" "? :" "sizeof()" 不能重载

3. 不能违背惯例

4. 参数数量<==>目数

5. 作为成员函数重载，this指针占一个参数

二 特殊

<<和>>只能作为友元重载，不能作为成员函数重载