Linux四种安装mysq的方法

目录

一、仓库安装

二、本地安装

三、容器安装

四、源码安装

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一、仓库安装

1、配置本地yum仓并挂载

[BaseOS]
name=BaseOS
baseurl=file:///media/cdrom/BaseOS
gpgcheck=0

[Appstream]
name=Appstream
baseurl=file:///media/cdrom/AppStream
gpgcheck=0


[root@kongd ~]# mkdir /media/cdrom
[root@kongd ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom  #将本地光盘挂载至本地目录/media/cdrom下

2、安装mysql

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh  https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# dnf install mysql-server -y

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql ##查看已安装的包
mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch
mysql-community-common-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64
mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64
mysql-community-server-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64

3、开启服务并登录

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld ##开启mysqld服务
[root@localhost ~]# grep 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log ##查看初始密码
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'初始密码'
#登录之后必须先修改用户密码,默认密码策略要求密码至少包含一个大写字母、一个小写字母、一位数字和一个特殊字符，并且密码总长度至少为8个字符。
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin123!';--将密码改为Admin123!
mysql> show databases;

二、本地安装

1、创建mysql目录并下载mysql安装包

[root@baiheng bh]# mkdir mysql
[root@baiheng bh]# cd mysql/
[root@baiheng mysql]# wget  https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@baiheng mysql]# tar xvf mysql-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

 2、安装mysql及依赖包

[root@baiheng mysql]# dnf localinstall  mysql-community-server-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm \
>  mysql-community-client-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm \
> mysql-community-common-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm \
> mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm \
> mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm \
> mysql-community-libs-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

3、开启服务并登录

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld ##开启mysqld服务
[root@localhost ~]# grep 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log ##查看初始密码
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'初始密码'
#登录之后必须先修改用户密码,默认密码策略要求密码至少包含一个大写字母、一个小写字母、一位数字和一个特殊字符，并且密码总长度至少为8个字符。
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin123!';--将密码改为Admin123!
mysql> show databases;

三、容器安装

[root@localhost ~]# yum remove docker \
docker-client \
docker-client-latest \
docker-common \
docker-latest \
docker-latest-logrotate \
docker-logrotate \
docker-engine

[root@localhost ~]# dnf install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's+download.docker.com+mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce+' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
[root@localhost ~]# dnf install docker-ce --allowerasing -y
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status docker
[root@localhost ~]# docker version
[root@localhost ~]# docker run hello-world
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysqltest -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysqltest /bin/bash
bash-4.4# mysql -uroot -p  
Enter password: 
mysql> show databases;

四、源码安装

1、wget 下载mysql-boost-8.0.32.tar.gz

[root@localhost ~]# wget  https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-boost-8.0.32.tar.gz 

2、添加用户和组

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

3、开始源码安装

[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf mysql-boost-8.0.32.tar.gz
[root@localhost mysql-8.0.32]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ cmake -y
[root@localhost ~]# yum install   cmake gcc-toolset-12-gcc gcc-toolset-12-gcc-c++ gcc-toolset-12-binutils openssl-devel ncurses-devel libtirpc rpcgen git  -y
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-stream/9-stream/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/libtirpc-devel-1.3.3-0.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# cd mysql-8.0.32/
[root@localhost mysql-8.0.32]# mkdir bld
[root@localhost mysql-8.0.32]# cd bld
[root@localhost bld]# cmake .. -DWITH_BOOST=../boost/boost_1_77_0/
[root@localhost bld]# make    ########该过程很久，请耐心等待

[root@localhost bld]# make install
[root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir mysql-files
[root@localhost mysql]# chown mysql:mysql mysql-files
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod 750 mysql-files
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
2023-02-07T10:48:12.318715Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.32) initializing of server in progress as process 35126
2023-02-07T10:48:12.385378Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2023-02-07T10:48:13.239625Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2023-02-07T10:48:15.090688Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: acdUhF*<d4fG ---登录密码


[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

4、开启服务并登录

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld ##开启mysqld服务
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p'初始密码'
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin123!';--修改密码