实验拓扑:
实验要求:
1、R1-R3为区域0,R3-R4为区域1;其中R3在环回地址在区域0;
2、R1、R2各有一个环回口;
3、R1-R3中,R3为DR设备,没有BDR;
4、R4环回地址固定4.4.4.0/24 ,其他网段使用192.168.1.0/24进行合理分配;
5、R4环回不宣告,保证全网可达,保证更新安全,避免环路,减少路由条目;
实验步骤:
1、配置物理接口以及环回口的IP地址
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 29
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.33 27
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 29
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.65 27
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.3 29
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.129 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.97 27
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.130 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
2、划分区域并启用ospf协议
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.1.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.1.97 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 192.168.1.129 0.0.0.0
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]area 1
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.130 0.0.0.0
3、实现全网通
[R4-ospf-1]default-route-advertise always
测试结果:
4、修改接口优先级,使R3成为DR
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
5、配置接口认证
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
6、减少路由条目
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.128
7、避免环路产生
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 25 NULL 0