/ : this is root directory
/bin : commands in this dir are all system installed user commands
/sbin: commands in this dir are all system installed super user commands
/usr/bin: user commands for applications
/usr/sbin: super user commands for applications
/usr/X11R6/bin : X application user commands
/usr/X11R6/sbin: X application super user commands
/bin是系统的一些指令.
/sbin一般是在单用户下会用的一些指令.
/usr/bin 是你在后期安装的一些软件的运行脚本.