自HTML5标准的提出就得到非常多的关注，而作为全球使用用户最多的IE浏览器能够支持HTML5标准也是大家备受关注一个问题，让IE(包括IE6)支持HTML5元素，我们需要在HTML头部添加以下JavaScript，这是一个简单的document.createElement声明，利用条件注释针对IE来调用这个js文件。Opera，FireFox等其他非IE浏览器就会忽视这段代码，也不会存在http请求。
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<!–[if IE]>
<
script
src=”http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js”></
script
>
<![endif]–>
|
上面这段代码仅会在IE浏览器下运行，还有一点需要注意，在页面中调用html5.js文件必须添加在页面的head元素内，因为IE浏览器必须在元素解析前知道这个元素，所以这个js文件不能在页面底部调用。
这个html5的js文件是作者把他放在Google code project上提供给大家可以直接调用的，当然，如果觉得这样会影响你的网页打开速度，你可以把html5的js文件直接下载下来让后上传到自己的服务器单独调用。
以下是html5的js文件中的代码:
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/*
HTML5 Shiv v3.7.0 | @afarkas @jdalton @jon_neal @rem | MIT/GPL2 Licensed
*/
(
function
(l,f){
function
m(){
var
a=e.elements;
return
"string"
==
typeof
a?a.split(
" "
):a}
function
i(a){
var
b=n[a[o]];b||(b={},h++,a[o]=h,n[h]=b);
return
b}
function
p(a,b,c){b||(b=f);
if
(g)
return
b.createElement(a);c||(c=i(b));b=c.cache[a]?c.cache[a].cloneNode():r.test(a)?(c.cache[a]=c.createElem(a)).cloneNode():c.createElem(a);
return
b.canHaveChildren&&!s.test(a)?c.frag.appendChild(b):b}
function
t(a,b){
if
(!b.cache)b.cache={},b.createElem=a.createElement,b.createFrag=a.createDocumentFragment,b.frag=b.createFrag();
a.createElement=
function
(c){
return
!e.shivMethods?b.createElem(c):p(c,a,b)};a.createDocumentFragment=Function(
"h,f"
,
"return function(){var n=f.cloneNode(),c=n.createElement;h.shivMethods&&("
+m().join().replace(/[\w\-]+/g,
function
(a){b.createElem(a);b.frag.createElement(a);
return
'c("'
+a+
'")'
})+
");return n}"
)(e,b.frag)}
function
q(a){a||(a=f);
var
b=i(a);
if
(e.shivCSS&&!j&&!b.hasCSS){
var
c,d=a;c=d.createElement(
"p"
);d=d.getElementsByTagName(
"head"
)[0]||d.documentElement;c.innerHTML=
"x<style>article,aside,dialog,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section{display:block}mark{background:#FF0;color:#000}template{display:none}</style>"
;
c=d.insertBefore(c.lastChild,d.firstChild);b.hasCSS=!!c}g||t(a,b);
return
a}
var
k=l.html5||{},s=/^<|^(?:button|map|select|textarea|object|iframe|option|optgroup)$/i,r=/^(?:a|b|code|div|fieldset|h1|h2|h3|h4|h5|h6|i|label|li|ol|p|q|span|strong|style|table|tbody|td|th|tr|ul)$/i,j,o=
"_html5shiv"
,h=0,n={},g;(
function
(){
try
{
var
a=f.createElement(
"a"
);a.innerHTML=
"<xyz></xyz>"
;j=
"hidden"
in
a;
var
b;
if
(!(b=1==a.childNodes.length)){f.createElement(
"a"
);
var
c=f.createDocumentFragment();b=
"undefined"
==
typeof
c.cloneNode||
"undefined"
==
typeof
c.createDocumentFragment||
"undefined"
==
typeof
c.createElement}g=b}
catch
(d){g=j=!0}})();
var
e={elements:k.elements||
"abbr article aside audio bdi canvas data datalist details dialog figcaption figure footer header hgroup main mark meter nav output progress section summary template time video"
,version:
"3.7.0"
,shivCSS:!1!==k.shivCSS,supportsUnknownElements:g,shivMethods:!1!==k.shivMethods,type:
"default"
,shivDocument:q,createElement:p,createDocumentFragment:
function
(a,b){a||(a=f);
if
(g)
return
a.createDocumentFragment();
for
(
var
b=b||i(a),c=b.frag.cloneNode(),d=0,e=m(),h=e.length;d<h;d++)c.createElement(e[d]);
return
c}};l.html5=e;q(f)})(
this
,document);
|
除了在网页中调用包含以上代码的js文件来让IE浏览器支持HTML5元素以外，你也可以以下面这种方式把代码直接添加到网页中。
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<!–[
if
IE]>
<script>
(
function
(l,f){
function
m(){
var
a=e.elements;
return
"string"
==
typeof
a?a.split(
" "
):a}
function
i(a){
var
b=n[a[o]];b||(b={},h++,a[o]=h,n[h]=b);
return
b}
function
p(a,b,c){b||(b=f);
if
(g)
return
b.createElement(a);c||(c=i(b));b=c.cache[a]?c.cache[a].cloneNode():r.test(a)?(c.cache[a]=c.createElem(a)).cloneNode():c.createElem(a);
return
b.canHaveChildren&&!s.test(a)?c.frag.appendChild(b):b}
function
t(a,b){
if
(!b.cache)b.cache={},b.createElem=a.createElement,b.createFrag=a.createDocumentFragment,b.frag=b.createFrag();
a.createElement=
function
(c){
return
!e.shivMethods?b.createElem(c):p(c,a,b)};a.createDocumentFragment=Function(
"h,f"
,
"return function(){var n=f.cloneNode(),c=n.createElement;h.shivMethods&&("
+m().join().replace(/[\w\-]+/g,
function
(a){b.createElem(a);b.frag.createElement(a);
return
'c("'
+a+
'")'
})+
");return n}"
)(e,b.frag)}
function
q(a){a||(a=f);
var
b=i(a);
if
(e.shivCSS&&!j&&!b.hasCSS){
var
c,d=a;c=d.createElement(
"p"
);d=d.getElementsByTagName(
"head"
)[0]||d.documentElement;c.innerHTML=
"x<style>article,aside,dialog,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section{display:block}mark{background:#FF0;color:#000}template{display:none}</style>"
;
c=d.insertBefore(c.lastChild,d.firstChild);b.hasCSS=!!c}g||t(a,b);
return
a}
var
k=l.html5||{},s=/^<|^(?:button|map|select|textarea|object|iframe|option|optgroup)$/i,r=/^(?:a|b|code|div|fieldset|h1|h2|h3|h4|h5|h6|i|label|li|ol|p|q|span|strong|style|table|tbody|td|th|tr|ul)$/i,j,o=
"_html5shiv"
,h=0,n={},g;(
function
(){
try
{
var
a=f.createElement(
"a"
);a.innerHTML=
"<xyz></xyz>"
;j=
"hidden"
in
a;
var
b;
if
(!(b=1==a.childNodes.length)){f.createElement(
"a"
);
var
c=f.createDocumentFragment();b=
"undefined"
==
typeof
c.cloneNode||
"undefined"
==
typeof
c.createDocumentFragment||
"undefined"
==
typeof
c.createElement}g=b}
catch
(d){g=j=!0}})();
var
e={elements:k.elements||
"abbr article aside audio bdi canvas data datalist details dialog figcaption figure footer header hgroup main mark meter nav output progress section summary template time video"
,version:
"3.7.0"
,shivCSS:!1!==k.shivCSS,supportsUnknownElements:g,shivMethods:!1!==k.shivMethods,type:
"default"
,shivDocument:q,createElement:p,createDocumentFragment:
function
(a,b){a||(a=f);
if
(g)
return
a.createDocumentFragment();
for
(
var
b=b||i(a),c=b.frag.cloneNode(),d=0,e=m(),h=e.length;d<h;d++)c.createElement(e[d]);
return
c}};l.html5=e;q(f)})(
this
,document);
</script>
<![endif]–>
|
补充阅读：以下代码是发布在github.com上的html5shiv.js，版本：3.7.0，注释也比较完整。可能GitHub打开速度有些慢，这里就直接将代码复制贴过来，如果需要最新版本，地址：https://github.com/aFarkas/html5shiv/blob/master/src/html5shiv.js
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/**
* @preserve HTML5 Shiv prev3.7.1 | @afarkas @jdalton @jon_neal @rem | MIT/GPL2 Licensed
*/
;(
function
(window, document) {
/*jshint evil:true */
/** version */
var
version =
'3.7.0'
;
/** Preset options */
var
options = window.html5 || {};
/** Used to skip problem elements */
var
reSkip = /^<|^(?:button|map|select|textarea|object|iframe|option|optgroup)$/i;
/** Not all elements can be cloned in IE **/
var
saveClones = /^(?:a|b|code|div|fieldset|h1|h2|h3|h4|h5|h6|i|label|li|ol|p|q|span|strong|style|table|tbody|td|th|tr|ul)$/i;
/** Detect whether the browser supports default html5 styles */
var
supportsHtml5Styles;
/** Name of the expando, to work with multiple documents or to re-shiv one document */
var
expando =
'_html5shiv'
;
/** The id for the the documents expando */
var
expanID = 0;
/** Cached data for each document */
var
expandoData = {};
/** Detect whether the browser supports unknown elements */
var
supportsUnknownElements;
(
function
() {
try
{
var
a = document.createElement(
'a'
);
a.innerHTML =
'<xyz></xyz>'
;
//if the hidden property is implemented we can assume, that the browser supports basic HTML5 Styles
supportsHtml5Styles = (
'hidden'
in
a);
supportsUnknownElements = a.childNodes.length == 1 || (
function
() {
// assign a false positive if unable to shiv
(document.createElement)(
'a'
);
var
frag = document.createDocumentFragment();
return
(
typeof
frag.cloneNode ==
'undefined'
||
typeof
frag.createDocumentFragment ==
'undefined'
||
typeof
frag.createElement ==
'undefined'
);
}());
}
catch
(e) {
// assign a false positive if detection fails => unable to shiv
supportsHtml5Styles =
true
;
supportsUnknownElements =
true
;
}
}());
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* Creates a style sheet with the given CSS text and adds it to the document.
* @private
* @param {Document} ownerDocument The document.
* @param {String} cssText The CSS text.
* @returns {StyleSheet} The style element.
*/
function
addStyleSheet(ownerDocument, cssText) {
var
p = ownerDocument.createElement(
'p'
),
parent = ownerDocument.getElementsByTagName(
'head'
)[0] || ownerDocument.documentElement;
p.innerHTML =
'x<style>'
+ cssText +
'</style>'
;
return
parent.insertBefore(p.lastChild, parent.firstChild);
}
/**
* Returns the value of `html5.elements` as an array.
* @private
* @returns {Array} An array of shived element node names.
*/
function
getElements() {
var
elements = html5.elements;
return
typeof
elements ==
'string'
? elements.split(
' '
) : elements;
}
/**
* Returns the data associated to the given document
* @private
* @param {Document} ownerDocument The document.
* @returns {Object} An object of data.
*/
function
getExpandoData(ownerDocument) {
var
data = expandoData[ownerDocument[expando]];
if
(!data) {
data = {};
expanID++;
ownerDocument[expando] = expanID;
expandoData[expanID] = data;
}
return
data;
}
/**
* returns a shived element for the given nodeName and document
* @memberOf html5
* @param {String} nodeName name of the element
* @param {Document} ownerDocument The context document.
* @returns {Object} The shived element.
*/
function
createElement(nodeName, ownerDocument, data){
if
(!ownerDocument) {
ownerDocument = document;
}
if
(supportsUnknownElements){
return
ownerDocument.createElement(nodeName);
}
if
(!data) {
data = getExpandoData(ownerDocument);
}
var
node;
if
(data.cache[nodeName]) {
node = data.cache[nodeName].cloneNode();
}
else
if
(saveClones.test(nodeName)) {
node = (data.cache[nodeName] = data.createElem(nodeName)).cloneNode();
}
else
{
node = data.createElem(nodeName);
}
// Avoid adding some elements to fragments in IE < 9 because
// * Attributes like `name` or `type` cannot be set/changed once an element
// is inserted into a document/fragment
// * Link elements with `src` attributes that are inaccessible, as with
// a 403 response, will cause the tab/window to crash
// * Script elements appended to fragments will execute when their `src`
// or `text` property is set
return
node.canHaveChildren && !reSkip.test(nodeName) && !node.tagUrn ? data.frag.appendChild(node) : node;
}
/**
* returns a shived DocumentFragment for the given document
* @memberOf html5
* @param {Document} ownerDocument The context document.
* @returns {Object} The shived DocumentFragment.
*/
function
createDocumentFragment(ownerDocument, data){
if
(!ownerDocument) {
ownerDocument = document;
}
if
(supportsUnknownElements){
return
ownerDocument.createDocumentFragment();
}
data = data || getExpandoData(ownerDocument);
var
clone = data.frag.cloneNode(),
i = 0,
elems = getElements(),
l = elems.length;
for
(;i<l;i++){
clone.createElement(elems[i]);
}
return
clone;
}
/**
* Shivs the `createElement` and `createDocumentFragment` methods of the document.
* @private
* @param {Document|DocumentFragment} ownerDocument The document.
* @param {Object} data of the document.
*/
function
shivMethods(ownerDocument, data) {
if
(!data.cache) {
data.cache = {};
data.createElem = ownerDocument.createElement;
data.createFrag = ownerDocument.createDocumentFragment;
data.frag = data.createFrag();
}
ownerDocument.createElement =
function
(nodeName) {
//abort shiv
if
(!html5.shivMethods) {
return
data.createElem(nodeName);
}
return
createElement(nodeName, ownerDocument, data);
};
ownerDocument.createDocumentFragment = Function(
'h,f'
,
'return function(){'
+
'var n=f.cloneNode(),c=n.createElement;'
+
'h.shivMethods&&('
+
// unroll the `createElement` calls
getElements().join().replace(/[\w\-:]+/g,
function
(nodeName) {
data.createElem(nodeName);
data.frag.createElement(nodeName);
return
'c("'
+ nodeName +
'")'
;
}) +
');return n}'
)(html5, data.frag);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* Shivs the given document.
* @memberOf html5
* @param {Document} ownerDocument The document to shiv.
* @returns {Document} The shived document.
*/
function
shivDocument(ownerDocument) {
if
(!ownerDocument) {
ownerDocument = document;
}
var
data = getExpandoData(ownerDocument);
if
(html5.shivCSS && !supportsHtml5Styles && !data.hasCSS) {
data.hasCSS = !!addStyleSheet(ownerDocument,
// corrects block display not defined in IE6/7/8/9
'article,aside,dialog,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section{display:block}'
+
// adds styling not present in IE6/7/8/9
'mark{background:#FF0;color:#000}'
+
// hides non-rendered elements
'template{display:none}'
);
}
if
(!supportsUnknownElements) {
shivMethods(ownerDocument, data);
}
return
ownerDocument;
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* The `html5` object is exposed so that more elements can be shived and
* existing shiving can be detected on iframes.
* @type Object
* @example
*
* // options can be changed before the script is included
* html5 = { 'elements': 'mark section', 'shivCSS': false, 'shivMethods': false };
*/
var
html5 = {
/**
* An array or space separated string of node names of the elements to shiv.
* @memberOf html5
* @type Array|String
*/
'elements'
: options.elements ||
'abbr article aside audio bdi canvas data datalist details dialog figcaption figure footer header hgroup main mark meter nav output progress section summary template time video'
,
/**
* current version of html5shiv
*/
'version'
: version,
/**
* A flag to indicate that the HTML5 style sheet should be inserted.
* @memberOf html5
* @type Boolean
*/
'shivCSS'
: (options.shivCSS !==
false
),
/**
* Is equal to true if a browser supports creating unknown/HTML5 elements
* @memberOf html5
* @type boolean
*/
'supportsUnknownElements'
: supportsUnknownElements,
/**
* A flag to indicate that the document's `createElement` and `createDocumentFragment`
* methods should be overwritten.
* @memberOf html5
* @type Boolean
*/
'shivMethods
': (options.shivMethods !== false),
/**
* A string to describe the type of `html5` object ("default" or "default print").
* @memberOf html5
* @type String
*/
'
type
': '
default
',
// shivs the document according to the specified `html5` object options
'
shivDocument': shivDocument,
//creates a shived element
createElement: createElement,
//creates a shived documentFragment
createDocumentFragment: createDocumentFragment
};
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// expose html5
window.html5 = html5;
// shiv the document
shivDocument(document);
}(
this
, document));
|
把html5shiv.js在head里面引入，如下：
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<!
DOCTYPE
HTML>
<
html
>
<
head
>
<
meta
charset
=
"UTF-8"
>
<
title
></
title
>
<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
src
=
"js/html5shiv.js"
></
script
>
<
style
type
=
"text/css"
>
nav {
width:200px;
height:100px;
background:#f12;
}
</
style
>
</
head
>
<
body
>
<
nav
>123abc</
nav
>abc123
</
body
>
</
html
>
|
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